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Redox active polymer devices and methods of using and manufacturing the same

  • US 10,482,367 B2
  • Filed: 03/12/2019
  • Issued: 11/19/2019
  • Est. Priority Date: 05/13/2014
  • Status: Active Grant
First Claim
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1. An active tag apparatus, comprising:

  • an electrochemical energy storage device comprising;

    a first electrode layer comprising a first redox-active polymer having mobile ions and mobile electrons, the first electrode layer having a first redox potential;

    a second electrode layer comprising a second redox-active polymer having mobile ions and mobile electrons, the second electrode layer having a second redox potential higher than the first redox potential and wherein at least one of the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer further comprises a dielectric constant additive configured to screen a zwitterionic charge; and

    an electrolyte layer interposed between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer, the electrolyte layer comprising a conductive polymer film configured to conduct ionic current by passing mobile ions therethrough between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer, the conductive polymer film further configured to not conduct a substantial amount of electronic current;

    wherein at least one of the first redox-active polymer and the second redox-active polymer is a self-compensating polymer; and

    a load device operatively coupled to the storage device.

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