Supersampled 3D display with improved angular resolution

• US 10,484,674 B2
• Filed: 07/25/2016
• Issued: 11/19/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 09/05/2015
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Leia Inc.
• Original Assignee: Leia Inc.
• Inventors: Fattal, David A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Gee, Alexander
• Application Number:
  US15/755,696
• Publication Number:
  US 20180262751A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,212 Days
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/425 in illumination systems mask illumination systems in photolithographic systems G03F7/70158
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/44 Grating systems; Zone plate systems G02B27/46 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 30/30 involving parallax barriers
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 5/1866 Transmission gratings characterised by their structure, e.g. step profile, contours of substrate or grooves, pitch variations, materials G02B5/1809, G02B5/1828, G02B5/1833, G02B5/1838 and G02B5/1847 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/0018 Redirecting means on the surface of the light guide
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/0021 for housing at least a part of the light source, e.g. by forming holes or recesses
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/0031 Reflecting element, sheet or layer
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/0036 2-D arrangement of prisms, protrusions, indentations or roughened surfaces
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/0038 Linear indentations or grooves, e.g. arc-shaped grooves or meandering grooves, extending over the full length or width of the light guide
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/0068 Arrangements of plural sources, e.g. multi-colour light sources
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/111 Transformation of image signals corresponding to virtual viewpoints, e.g. spatial image interpolation
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/32 using arrays of controllable light sources; using moving apertures or moving light sources
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/324 Colour aspects
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/349 Multi-view displays for displaying three or more geometrical viewpoints without viewer tracking for viewing without the aid of special glasses using fly-eye lenses H04N13/307
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/351 for displaying simultaneously

Abstract

In a supersampling technique, an adjacent pair of pixels in a three-dimensional (3D) electronic display is driven based on angular combinations. In particular, a pixel in the pair is driven by an angular combination of a pixel in a 3D view of a 3D image and at least one product of a pixel in an intermediate 3D view and an associated weight. Moreover, the 3D views applied to the pair have different associated angular ranges with different principal angular directions, and the intermediate 3D view has an associated intermediate angular range with an intermediate principal angular direction that is between the principal angular directions. When viewing the 3D electronic display along a principal angular direction in the principal directions of the 3D view, a viewer sees the 3D view, and when viewing the 3D electronic display along the intermediate principal angular direction, the viewer sees the intermediate 3D view.

Claims

1. A display-driver apparatus, comprising a driver circuit configured to:

drive an adjacent pair of pixels in a three-dimensional (3D) electronic display based on angular combinations, wherein a pixel in the pair of pixels is driven by an angular combination in the angular combinations of a pixel in a 3D view of a 3D image and at least one product of a pixel in an intermediate 3D view and an associated weight,

wherein 3D views applied to the pair of pixels have different associated angular ranges with different principal angular directions,

wherein the intermediate 3D view has an associated intermediate angular range with an intermediate principal angular direction that is between the principal angular directions; and

wherein when viewing the 3D electronic display along a principal angular direction in the principal directions of the 3D view, a viewer sees the 3D view, and when viewing the 3D electronic display along the intermediate principal angular direction, the viewer sees the intermediate 3D view.

2. The display-driver apparatus of claim 1, wherein the angular combinations increase an angular resolution of the 3D electronic display.

3. The display-driver apparatus of claim 2, wherein the 3D view is included in 64 3D views of the 3D image and the angular resolution of the 3D electronic display corresponds to one of:

128 3D views of the 3D image, and 256 3D views of the 3D image.

4. The display-driver apparatus of claim 1, wherein the weights include:

one half when the pair of pixels are along a horizontal direction of the 3D electronic display;

one half when the pair of pixels are along a vertical direction of the 3D electronic display; and

one quarter when the pair of pixels are along a diagonal direction of the 3D electronic display.

5. The display-driver apparatus of claim 1, wherein the intermediate 3D view is along a diagonal direction of the 3D electronic display;

and

wherein the intermediate 3D view is included in the angular combinations that are driven on a group of four adjacent pixels in the 3D electronic display that includes the pair of pixels.

6. The display-driver apparatus of claim 1, wherein the intermediate 3D view is included in the angular combinations that are driven on an adjacent group of pixels in the 3D electronic display that includes the pair of pixels;

and

wherein the angular combinations driven on the group of pixels include intermediate 3D views between the 3D views driven on adjacent pixels along a horizontal direction of the 3D electronic display, a vertical direction of the 3D electronic display and a diagonal direction of the 3D electronic display.

7. The display-driver apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a graphics processor, electrically coupled to the display driver, configured to:

generate, based on the 3D image, a first 3D view and a second 3D view; and

determine, based on the first 3D view and the second 3D view, the intermediate 3D view.

8. The display-driver apparatus of claim 1, wherein the driver circuit includes a graphics processor configured to:

generate, based on the 3D image, a first 3D view and a second 3D view;

determine, based on the first 3D view and the second 3D view, the intermediate 3D view; and

drive a first pixel and a second pixel of the pixel pair.

9. A backlight comprising the display-driver apparatus of claim 1, the backlight further comprising:

a plate light guide configured to guide substantially collimated light at a non-zero propagation angle,

wherein the plate light guide is further configured to emit a portion of the guided collimated light from a surface of the plate light guide; and

a multibeam diffraction grating at the plate light guide surface, the multibeam diffraction grating configured to diffractively couple out a portion of the collimated light from the plate light guide as a plurality of light beams emitted from the plate light guide surface,

wherein a light beam of the light beam plurality has a principal angular direction different from principal angular directions of other light beams of the light beam plurality, and

wherein the principal angular direction of the light beam corresponds to a 3D view direction of the 3D electronic display, and

wherein the light beam represents one of pixels of the 3D electronic display in the 3D view direction.

10. The backlight of claim 9, further comprising a light source, optically coupled to the plate light guide, configured to provide the light to the plate light guide.

11. The backlight of claim 10, wherein the light source comprises a plurality of different optical sources configured to provide different colors of light at different, color-specific, non-zero propagation angles of the collimated light corresponding to each of the different colors of the light.

12. The 3D electronic display comprising the backlight of claim 9, the 3D electronic display further comprising a light valve to modulate the light beam of the light beam plurality, the light valve being adjacent to the multibeam diffraction grating.

13. A three-dimensional (3D) electronic display, comprising:

a driver configured to drive pixels of the 3D electronic display with angular combinations of different 3D views of a 3D image and products of intermediate 3D views of the 3D image and associated weights, wherein the intermediate 3D views are between the different 3D views;

wherein, when viewing the 3D electronic display along a principal angular direction associated with a 3D view in the different 3D views, a viewer sees the 3D view and, when viewing the 3D electronic display along an intermediate principal angular direction associated with an intermediate 3D view in the intermediate 3D views, the viewer sees the intermediate 3D view;

a plate light guide configured to guide collimated light as a guided light beam at a non-zero propagation angle; and

an array of multibeam diffraction gratings at a surface of the plate light guide, a multibeam diffraction grating of the array being configured to diffractively couple out a portion of the guided light beam as a plurality of coupled-out light beams having different principal angular directions corresponding to directions of the different 3D views of the 3D electronic display.

14. The 3D electronic display of claim 13, further comprising a graphics processor, electrically coupled to the driver, configured to:

generate, based on the 3D image, the 3D views; and

determine, based on the 3D views, the intermediate 3D views.

15. The 3D electronic display of claim 13, wherein the array of multibeam diffraction gratings comprises a chirped diffraction grating having curved diffractive features.

16. The 3D electronic display of claim 13, wherein the array of multibeam diffraction gratings comprises a linear chirped diffraction grating.

17. The 3D electronic display of claim 13, further comprising a light valve array configured to selectively modulate the coupled-out light beams as 3D pixels corresponding to the different 3D views of the 3D electronic display.

18. A method of providing supersampling, the method comprising:

driving an adjacent pair of pixels in a three-dimensional (3D) electronic display based on angular combinations, wherein a pixel in the pair of pixels is driven by an angular combination in the angular combinations of a pixel in a 3D view of a 3D image and at least one product of a pixel in an intermediate 3D view and an associated weight,

wherein 3D views applied to the pair of pixels have different associated angular ranges with different principal angular directions,

wherein the intermediate 3D view has an associated intermediate angular range with an intermediate principal angular direction that is between the principal angular directions; and

wherein when viewing the 3D electronic display along a principal angular direction in the principal directions of the 3D view, a viewer sees the 3D view, and when viewing the 3D electronic display along the intermediate principal angular direction, the viewer sees the intermediate 3D view.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein the method further comprises:

generating, based on the 3D image, a first 3D view and a second 3D view; and

determining, based on the first 3D view and the second 3D view, the intermediate 3D view.

20. The method of claim 18, wherein the angular combinations increase an angular resolution of the 3D electronic display.

21. A computer-program product for use in conjunction with a driver circuit, the computer-program product comprising a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium and a computer-program mechanism embedded therein to provide super resolution, the computer-program mechanism including:

instructions for driving an adjacent pair of pixels in a three-dimensional (3D) electronic display based on angular combinations, wherein a pixel in the pair of pixels is driven by an angular combination in the angular combinations of a pixel in a 3D view of a 3D image and at least one product of a pixel in an intermediate 3D view and an associated weight,

wherein 3D views applied to the pair of pixels have different associated angular ranges with different principal angular directions,

wherein the intermediate 3D view has an associated intermediate angular range with an intermediate principal angular direction that is between the principal angular directions; and

wherein when viewing the 3D electronic display along a principal angular direction in the principal directions of the 3D view, a viewer sees the 3D view, and when viewing the 3D electronic display along the intermediate principal angular direction, the viewer sees the intermediate 3D view.