Generating electric power within vicinity of powerlines using electric field and electrical pathway to ground

• US 10,491,021 B1
• Filed: 10/18/2018
• Issued: 11/26/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 06/09/2018
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: NXP Aeronautics Research, LLC
• Original Assignee: NXP Aeronautics Research, LLC
• Inventors: Syracuse, Steven J., Tillman, Chad D.
• Primary Examiner(s): Cavallari, Daniel J
• Application Number:
  US16/164,638
• Publication Number:
  US 20190379226A1
• Time in Patent Office: 404 Days
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2200/10 Air crafts
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 5/005 without mechanical contact between the collector and the power supply line
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/12 Inductive energy transfer
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/14 Conductive energy transfer
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/30 Constructional details of charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/38 specially adapted for charging by inductive energy transfer
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/60 Monitoring or controlling charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: B60M 3/00 Feeding power to supply lines in contact with collector on vehicles; Arrangements for consuming regenerative power controlling rail vehicles by varying voltage of power fed to vehicle B60L; power distribution in general H02J
• CPC Class Codes: B64C 25/10 retractable, foldable, or the like
• CPC Class Codes: B64C 39/04 having multiple fuselages or tail booms
• CPC Class Codes: B64C 39/08 having multiple wings
• CPC Class Codes: B64U 10/10 Rotorcrafts
• CPC Class Codes: B64U 10/13 Flying platforms
• CPC Class Codes: B64U 10/14 with four distinct rotor axes, e.g. quadcopters
• CPC Class Codes: B64U 10/25 Fixed-wing aircraft VTOL aircraft B64U10/20
• CPC Class Codes: B64U 2101/10 for generating power to be supplied to a remote station, e.g. UAVs with solar panels
• CPC Class Codes: B64U 2101/30 for imaging, photography or videography
• CPC Class Codes: B64U 2201/202 using tethers for connecting to ground station
• CPC Class Codes: B64U 30/20 Rotors; Rotor supports
• CPC Class Codes: B64U 30/297 Tilting rotors
• CPC Class Codes: B64U 50/19 : using electrically powered motors
• CPC Class Codes: B64U 50/30 : Supply or distribution of electrical power
• CPC Class Codes: B64U 50/34 : In-flight charging photovoltaics B64U50/31
• CPC Class Codes: B64U 50/37 : Charging when not in flight
• CPC Class Codes: B64U 60/50 : with landing legs
• CPC Class Codes: G01C 9/005 : specially adapted for use in aircraft
• CPC Class Codes: H02G 1/02 : for overhead lines or cables
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/001 : Energy harvesting or scavenging
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/05 : using capacitive coupling
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/10 : using inductive coupling
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0044 : specially adapted for holding portable devices containing batteries H02J7/0045 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0068 : Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply H02J7/0013 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/12 : specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/025 : using location based information parameters
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/029 : Location-based management or tracking services
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 : Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 : Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 : Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 : Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 : Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles

Abstract

Apparatus for generating electric power within vicinity of powerlines using varying electric fields and an electrical pathway to ground are disclosed. Such apparatus preferably include, for example, UAVs, charging stations, and power strips mountable to a powerline transmission tower. Methods and systems utilizing such apparatus further are disclosed. The electrical pathway to ground may include an interface that is tethered to a UAV and that is dragged along a shield wire behind the UAV as the UAV travels along the powerlines. The electrical pathway to ground alternatively may include an electrical connection to a ground of a support structure of the powerlines when the apparatus is a power strip mounted to the support structure.

Claims

1. A UAV in which electric power is generated within a vicinity of powerlines, the UAV comprising:

(a) a plurality of electrodes;

(b) an interface configured to engage in electrical contact a shield wire of the powerlines so as to define an electrical pathway to ground resulting in voltage differentials between the plurality of electrodes and the shield wire; and

(c) electrical components electrically connected with the plurality of electrodes and with the interface and configurable for causing a current to flow between, in the alternative, (i) each of different subsets of the plurality of electrodes and (ii) one or more of the plurality of electrodes and the shield wire for powering an electrical load as the plurality of electrodes experiences electric field strengths of the powerlines.

2. The UAV of claim 1, further comprising a control assembly configured to detect voltage differentials between each of the electrodes and the shield wire, and to configure the one or more electrical components of the UAV to cause the current to flow based on the detected voltage differentials and based on voltage and current specifications of the electrical load.

3. The UAV of claim 2, further comprising a battery by which the control assembly is powered.

4. The UAV of claim 3, wherein the battery powers only the control assembly.

5. The UAV of claim 3, wherein the battery does not power the electrical load of the UAV.

6. The UAV of claim 3, wherein the battery is rechargeable and wherein the electrical load of the UAV comprises a rechargeable battery for charging the battery of the control assembly.

7. The UAV of claim 1, further comprising a rechargeable battery for powering the UAV when the interface is out of electrical contact with the shield wire while flying within the vicinity of the powerlines.

8. The UAV of claim 1, further comprising a rechargeable battery for powering the UAV when the UAV flies outside of the vicinity of the powerlines.

9. A method for powering an electrical load of a UAV, wherein the UAV comprises an electrode and an electrical pathway to ground, the method comprising the steps of:

(a) operating the UAV within a vicinity of powerlines along a shield wire of the powerlines

(i) such that the electrode experiences electric field strengths of the powerlines, and

(ii) such that an interface engages in electrical contact a shield wire of the powerlines so as to define an electrical pathway to ground resulting in voltage differentials between the electrode and the shield wire; and

(b) configuring one or more electrical components of the UAV that are connected with the electrode and the interface for causing a current to flow between the electrode and the shield wire for powering the electrical load of the UAV.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the powerlines carry alternating electric current.

11. The method of claim 9, wherein the electrical load comprises a propulsion system of the UAV.

12. The method of claim 9, wherein the electrical load comprises a navigation system of the UAV.

13. The method of claim 9, wherein the electrical load comprises an electric motor of the UAV.

14. The method of claim 9, wherein the electrical load comprises a rechargeable battery of the UAV.

15. The method of claim 9, wherein the electrical load comprises a camera of the UAV.

16. The method of claim 9, wherein the electrical load comprises a transceiver of the UAV.

17. A method for powering an electrical load of a UAV, wherein the UAV comprises a plurality of electrodes and an electrical pathway to ground, the method comprising the steps of:

(a) flying the UAV within a vicinity of powerlines along a shield wire of the powerlines

(i) such that the plurality of electrodes experiences electric field strengths of the powerlines, and

(ii) such that an interface engages in electrical contact a shield wire of the powerlines so as to define an electrical pathway to ground resulting in voltage differentials between each of the plurality of electrodes and the shield wire; and

(b) configuring one or more electrical components of the UAV that are connected with the plurality of electrodes and with the interface for causing a current to flow between one or more of the electrodes and the shield wire for powering the electrical load of the UAV.

18. The method of claim 17, further comprising detecting voltage differentials between each of the electrodes and the shield wire and configuring the one or more electrical components of the UAV to cause the current to flow between the one or more electrodes and the shield wire based on the detected voltage differentials and voltage and current specifications of the electrical load of the UAV to be powered.

19. The method of claim 17, wherein the interface is tethered to the UAV and is dragged along the shield wire behind the UAV as the UAV travels along the powerlines.

20. A method for generating electric power for an electrical load of a UAV from one or more differentials in electric field strength within a vicinity of powerlines, the UAV having a plurality of separated electrodes within the vicinity of the powerlines and an interface configured to engage in electrical contact a shield wire of the powerlines so as to define an electrical pathway to ground, the method comprising the steps of:

(a) operating the UAV within the vicinity of the powerlines along the shield wire of the powerlines such that the plurality of separated electrodes experience differentials in electric field strength with resulting differentials in voltage at the electrodes; and

(b) detecting voltage differentials of the sets and, based on the detected voltage differentials and electric current specifications for powering the electrical load of the UAV,

(i) establishing a particular one of a plurality of different electric circuits, each of the different electric circuits comprising a set of two or more mutually exclusive subsets of the plurality of electrodes, the electrodes in each subset that have more than one electrode being electrically connected with each other for avoiding any voltage differential therebetween, and the one or more electrodes of each subset being electrically insulated from each electrode of any other subset of the set for enabling one or more voltage differentials between the subsets of the set, wherein the subsets are interconnected in each electric circuit such that the one or more voltage differentials therebetween causes a current to flow through the electric circuit for powering the electrical load of the UAV; and

(ii) configuring one or more electrical components of the UAV that are connected with the plurality of electrodes and with the interface for causing a current to flow between one or more of the electrodes and the shield wire for powering the electrical load of the UAV.