Wireless charging system with receiver locating circuitry and foreign object detection

• US 10,505,401 B2
• Filed: 08/29/2017
• Issued: 12/10/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 02/02/2017
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Original Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Inventors: Yang, Heng, Qiu, Weihong, Moussaoui, Zaki
• Primary Examiner(s): Kaplan, Hal
• Assistant Examiner(s): Inge, Joseph N
• Application Number:
  US15/690,121
• Publication Number:
  US 20180219421A1
• Time in Patent Office: 833 Days
• Field of Search: 307104
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/12 of the resonant type
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/60 responsive to the presence of foreign objects, e.g. detection of living beings

Abstract

A wireless power transmission system has a wireless power receiving device that is located on a charging surface of a wireless power transmitting device. The wireless power receiving device has a wireless power receiving coil and the wireless power transmitting device has a wireless power transmitting coil array. Control circuitry in the transmitting device uses inverter circuitry to supply alternating-current signals to coils in the coil array, thereby transmitting wireless power signals. Impulse response measurement circuitry coupled to the coil array is used to make impulse response measurements while the control circuitry uses the inverter circuitry to apply impulse signals to each of the coils. The control circuitry analyzes output from the impulse response measurement circuitry to measure inductances associated with the coils in the coil array.

Claims

1. A wireless power transmitting device configured to transmit wireless power signals to a wireless power receiving coil in a wireless power receiving device, comprising:

an array of wireless power transmitting coils;

inverter circuitry coupled to the array of wireless power transmitting coils;

impulse response measurement circuitry coupled to the array of wireless power transmitting coils; and

control circuitry configured to;

store valid sets of coil inductances for the array, wherein each valid set of coil inductances corresponds to inductance values for the wireless power transmitting coils in the array that occur when the wireless power receiving device is present on the charging surface in the absence of foreign objects;

measure inductance values for at least some of the wireless power transmitting coils with the impulse response measurement circuitry; and

compare the measured inductance values to the valid sets of coil inductances associated with the array of wireless power transmitting coils to determine whether the wireless power receiving device is present on the array in the absence of foreign objects.

2. The wireless power transmitting device of claim 1 wherein the control circuitry determines whether foreign objects overlap the wireless power receiving coil by comparing the measured inductance values to the valid sets of coil inductances and wherein the control circuitry is further configured to:

control the transmission of the wireless power signals with the inverter circuitry and the array of wireless power transmitting coils based on whether any foreign objects are determined to be overlapping the wireless power receiving coil by comparing the measured inductance values to the valid sets of coil inductances.

3. The wireless power transmitting device of claim 2 wherein the control circuitry is configured to:

transmit the wireless power signals in response to determining that no foreign objects overlap the wireless power receiving coil; and

block transmission of the wireless power signals in response to detecting that a foreign object overlaps the wireless power receiving coil.

4. The wireless power transmitting device of claim 3 wherein the control circuitry is configured to measure the inductance values for the wireless power transmitting coils by applying impulses to the wireless power transmitting coils with the inverter circuitry and measuring corresponding impulse responses with the impulse response measurement circuitry.

5. The wireless power transmitting device of claim 4 wherein the control circuitry is further configured to control the transmission of the wireless power signals by selecting a given coil in the array of wireless power transmitting coils to transmit the wireless power signals based at least partly on the measured inductance values.

6. A wireless power transmitting device configured to transmit wireless power signals to a wireless power receiving device, comprising:

an array of wireless power transmitting coils;

inverter circuitry coupled to the array of wireless power transmitting coils;

inductance measurement circuitry coupled to the array of wireless power transmitting coils; and

control circuitry configured to;

measure inductance values for at least some of the wireless power transmitting coils by applying impulses to the wireless power transmitting coils with the inverter circuitry and measuring corresponding impulse responses with the inductance measurement circuitry; and

determine whether foreign objects are present on the array of wireless power transmitting coils at least partly by comparing the measured inductance values to coil inductance values associated with presence of the wireless power receiving device on the array of wireless power transmitting coils in absence of any foreign objects.

7. The wireless power transmitting device of claim 6 wherein the control circuitry is configured to measure an inductance value for each of the wireless power transmitting coils and is configured to use the measured inductance values in determining whether any foreign objects overlap a wireless power receiving coil in the wireless power receiving device.

8. The wireless power transmitting device of claim 7 wherein the control circuitry is configured to:

store sets of the coil inductance values that are associated with the presence of the wireless power receiving device on the array of wireless power transmitting coils in the absence of any foreign objects.

9. The wireless power transmitting device of claim 6 wherein the inductance measurement circuitry comprises impulse response measurement circuitry coupled to the array of wireless power transmitting coils.

10. The wireless power transmitting device of claim 6 wherein the control circuitry is further configured to control the transmission of the wireless power signals by selecting a given coil in the array of wireless power transmitting coils to transmit the wireless power signals based at least partly on the measured inductance values.

11. The wireless power transmitting device of claim 6 wherein the control circuitry is configured to block transmission of the wireless power signals in response to determining that a foreign object is present.

12. The wireless power transmitting device of claim 6 wherein the control circuitry is configured to transmit the wireless power signals in response to determining that no foreign objects are present by comparing the measured inductance values to the coil inductance values.

13. A wireless power transmitting device configured to transmit wireless power signals to a wireless power receiving device, comprising:

an array of wireless power transmitting coils, wherein the wireless power transmitting coils have a nominal inductance value in absence of foreign objects and the wireless power receiving device;

wireless power transmitter circuitry coupled to the array of wireless power transmitting coils;

inductance measurement circuitry coupled to the array of wireless power transmitting coils; and

control circuitry configured to;

measure inductance values for at least some of the wireless power transmitting coils with the inductance measurement circuitry; and

compare the measured inductance values to sets of coil inductance values for the array of wireless power transmitting coils that are associated with presence of the wireless power receiving device on the array of wireless power transmitting coils in absence of foreign objects, wherein each one of the coil inductance values in each set is different than the nominal inductance value.

14. The wireless power transmitting device of claim 13 wherein the control circuitry is configured to block transmission of the wireless power signals in response to determining that the measured inductance values do not match any of the sets of coil inductance values.

15. The wireless power transmitting device of claim 14 wherein the control circuitry is configured to transmit the wireless power signals in response to determining that the measured inductance values match one of the sets of coil inductance values.

16. The wireless power transmitting device of claim 15 wherein the control circuitry is configured to store the sets of the coil inductance values for comparing to measured inductance values.

17. The wireless power transmitting device of claim 16 wherein the inductance measurement circuitry comprises impulse response measurement circuitry.

18. The wireless power transmitting device of claim 15 wherein the control circuitry is further configured to control the transmission of the wireless power signals by selecting a given coil in the array of wireless power transmitting coils to transmit the wireless power signals based at least partly on the measured inductance values.

19. The wireless power transmitting device of claim 13 wherein the control circuitry is configured to determine whether the wireless power receiving device is present on the array in absence of foreign objects by comparing only those measured inductance values that differ from the nominal coil inductance value to the sets of coil inductance values.