Wireless power transmitter having low noise and high efficiency, and related methods

• US 10,511,222 B2
• Filed: 01/10/2019
• Issued: 12/17/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 11/09/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Integrated Device Technology Incorporated (Renesas Electronics Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Integrated Device Technology Incorporated (Renesas Electronics Corporation)
• Inventors: Nalbant, Mehmet K.
• Primary Examiner(s): Barnie, Rexford N
• Assistant Examiner(s): Willoughby, Terrence R
• Application Number:
  US16/244,747
• Publication Number:
  US 20190222115A1
• Time in Patent Office: 341 Days
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/12 of the resonant type
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/60 responsive to the presence of foreign objects, e.g. detection of living beings
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/70 involving the reduction of electric, magnetic or electromagnetic leakage fields
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/38 Means for preventing simultaneous conduction of switches
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 7/4815 Resonant converters H02M7/4811 and H02M7/4826 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 7/538 in a push-pull configuration H02M7/5375 takes precedence ; with oscillating arrangements H02M7/53832, H02M7/53846
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 7/5387 in a bridge configuration
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/10 Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 29/49117 Conductor or circuit manufacturing

Abstract

A wireless power transmitter comprises a bridge inverter including a first switch and a second switch coupled together with a first switching node therebetween, and a first capacitor coupled to the first switching node. The transmitter further includes control logic configured to control the first switch and the second switch according to an operating frequency to generate an AC power signal from a DC power signal, and a resonant tank operably coupled to the first switching node of the bridge inverter, the resonant tank configured to receive the AC power signal and generate an electromagnetic field responsive thereto. A method for operating the wireless power transmitter and a method for making the wireless power transmitter are also disclosed.

Claims

1. A wireless power transmitter, comprising:

a bridge inverter including

a first switch and a second switch coupled together with a first switching node therebetween, the first and second switches being in series between a first terminal and a second terminal, the first and second terminals to receive a DC power signal comprising a first terminal voltage and a second terminal voltage lower in magnitude than the first terminal voltage; and

a first capacitor coupled between the first switching node and a first voltage;

wherein the first switch is controlled by a first control signal, and the second switch is controlled by a second control signal;

control logic configured to generate the first and second control signals to complementarily open and close the first switch and the second switch according to an operating frequency to generate an AC power signal from the DC power signal, the control logic generating the first and second control signals complimentarily opening and closing the first switch and the second switch with a first delay between generating the first control signal to open the first switch and generating the second control signal to close the second switch, and with a second delay between generating the second control signal to open the second switch and generating the first control signal to close the first switch; and

a resonant tank operably coupled to the first switching node of the bridge inverter, the resonant tank configured to receive the AC power signal and generate an electromagnetic field responsive thereto;

wherein a capacitance of the first capacitor is sufficient to lengthen, by a factor of at least 7.5, a length of time for the first switching node voltage to reach the first terminal voltage during the second delay.

2. The wireless power transmitter of claim 1, wherein said factor is at least 10.

3. The wireless power transmitter of claim 1, wherein the bridge inverter includes a full bridge inverter.

4. The wireless power transmitter of claim 3, wherein the bridge inverter further includes:

a third switch and a fourth switch coupled together with a second switching node therebetween; and

a second capacitor coupled between the second switching node and a second voltage;

wherein the resonant tank is operably coupled to the second switching node of the bridge inverter.

5. The wireless power transmitter of claim 4, wherein the resonant tank includes at least one resonant capacitor operably coupled with a transmit coil between the first switching node and the second switching node.

6. The wireless power transmitter of claim 4, wherein:

the first voltage is ground such that the first capacitor is coupled between the first switching node and ground; and

the second voltage is ground such that the second capacitor is coupled between the second switching node and ground.

7. The wireless power transmitter of claim 4, wherein:

the first voltage is a power supply such that the first capacitor is coupled between the first switching node and the power supply; and

the second voltage is ground such that the second capacitor is coupled between the second switching node and ground.

8. The wireless power transmitter of claim 4, wherein:

the first voltage is a power supply such that the first capacitor is coupled between the first switching node and the power supply; and

the second voltage is the power supply such that the second capacitor is coupled between the second switching node and the power supply.

9. The wireless power transmitter of claim 4, wherein:

the first voltage is ground such that the first capacitor is coupled between the first switching node and ground; and

the second voltage is a power supply such that the second capacitor is coupled between the second switching node and the power supply.

10. The wireless power transmitter of claim 1, wherein the bridge inverter includes a half-bridge inverter.

11. A method comprising:

operating a first switch and a second switch of a bridge inverter according to an operating frequency to generate a wireless power AC signal from a DC power signal supplied to a first terminal of the bridge inverter and a second terminal of the bridge inverter, the DC power signal comprising a first terminal voltage and a second terminal voltage lower in magnitude than the first terminal voltage, the first switch and the second switch being in series between the first and second terminals and having a first switching node therebetween, the bridge inverter having a first capacitor coupled between the first switching node and a first voltage, wherein the first switch is controlled by a first control signal, and the second switch is controlled by a second control signal, and the first and second control signals are generated to complementarily open and close the first switch and the second switch according to an operating frequency to generate an AC power signal from the DC power signal, the first and second control signals complimentarily opening and closing the first switch and the second switch with a first delay between generating the first control signal to open the first switch and generating the second control signal to close the second switch, and with a second delay between generating the second control signal to open the second switch and generating the first control signal to close the first switch; and

generating the wireless power AC signal through a resonant capacitor and a transmit coil coupled to the first switching node,

wherein a capacitance of the first capacitor is sufficient to lengthen, by a factor of at least 7.5, a length of time for the first switching node voltage to reach the first terminal voltage during the second delay.

12. The method of claim 11 wherein said factor is at least 0.

13. The method of claim 11 wherein each of the first and second delays is sufficient to prevent the first switch and the second switch being closed at the same time.

14. The method of claim 11, further comprising complementarily operating a third switch and a fourth switch of the bridge inverter according to the operating frequency to generate the AC signal from the DC signal, the third switch and the fourth switch having a second capacitor coupled between (a) a second switching node between the third and fourth switches, and (b) a second voltage.

15. A wireless power transmitter, comprising:

a bridge inverter including

a first switch coupled between a first switching node and a first terminal, the first terminal being for receiving a first terminal voltage;

a second switch coupled between the first switching node and a second terminal, the second terminal being for receiving a second terminal voltage lower in magnitude than the first terminal voltage, the first and second terminal voltages providing a DC power signal;

a first capacitor coupled between the first switching node and a first voltage;

a third switch coupled between a second switching node and the first terminal;

a fourth switch coupled between the second switching node and the second terminal;

a second capacitor coupled between the second switching node and a second voltage;

control logic configured to complementarily open and close the first switch and the second switch according to an operating frequency, and to complementarily open and close the third switch and the fourth switch according to the operating frequency, to generate an AC power signal from the DC power signal; and

a resonant tank operably coupled to the first switching node and the second switching node, the resonant tank configured to receive the AC power signal and generate an electromagnetic field responsive thereto;

wherein a capacitance of the first capacitor and a capacitance of the second capacitor are sufficient to lengthen, by a factor of at least 7.5, a length of time for at least one of the first and second switching node voltages to rise to the first terminal voltage in response to closing of the respective one of the second and fourth switches.

16. The wireless power transmitter of claim 15, wherein said factor is at least 10.

17. The wireless power transmitter of claim 15, wherein in operation the first and second switches are never closed at the same time.

18. The wireless power transmitter of claim 15, wherein in operation the third and fourth switches are never closed at the same time.

19. The wireless power transmitter of claim 15, wherein one of the first and second voltages is the same as the first terminal voltage, and the other one of the first and second voltages is the same as the second terminal voltage.

20. The wireless power transmitter of claim 15, wherein the first voltage is the same as the second voltage.