Downhole detection tool

• US 10,520,634 B2
• Filed: 10/07/2014
• Issued: 12/31/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 10/07/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Guardian Global Technologies Limited (Core Laboratories NV)
• Original Assignee: Guardian Global Technologies Limited (Core Laboratories NV)
• Inventors: Clay, Oliver, Maxted, Iain, Gore, Jonathan, Grigorov, Alexander, Moss, Paul
• Primary Examiner(s): Phan, Huy Q
• Assistant Examiner(s): Clarke, Adam S
• Application Number:
  US15/027,521
• Publication Number:
  US 20160245947A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,911 Days
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 43/116 Gun or shaped-charge perforators
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 47/09 Locating or determining the position of objects in boreholes or wells , e.g. the position of an extending arm; Identifying the free or blocked portions of pipes
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 47/092 by detecting magnetic anomalies
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 27/902 by moving the sensors
• CPC Class Codes: G01V 3/28 using induction coils

Abstract

The present invention concerns a downhole cable or control line detection tool. More particularly, but not exclusively, this invention concerns a method and apparatus for the downhole detection of a cable or control line associated with the external wall of a well casing. A downhole tool for the detection of downhole cable or control lines is provided. The downhole tool comprises an eddy current sensor, the eddy current sensor being arranged to be proximate to the internal wall of a well casing. The eddy current sensor is arranged for pulsed operation. The downhole tool further comprises a mechanism for rotating the eddy current sensor, with an axis of rotation parallel with the longitudinal axis of a well casing.

Claims

1. A downhole tool for the detection of downhole cable or control lines, the downhole tool comprising:

an eddy current sensor, the eddy current sensor being arranged to be proximate to an internal wall of a well casing,

wherein the eddy current sensor includes a receiver coil and a transmitter coil, where the receiver coil and the transmitter coil are configured in a nested arrangement, and

wherein the eddy current sensor is arranged for pulsed operation whereby an electrical pulse is generated in the transmission coil so as to generate eddy currents in the internal wall of the well casing and the downhole cable or control lines, the receiver coil being arranged to detect a magnetic field generated by the eddy currents,

a rotational mechanism to rotate the eddy current sensor, with an axis of rotation parallel with the longitudinal axis of the well casing, and

a control unit including a processing unit arranged to;

process readings taken by the eddy current sensor, monitor a decay of the magnetic field induced by the eddy currents generated by the electrical pulse, analyse a tail end of a response curve of the receiver coil readings obtained during the decay, and

provide an indication of where downhole cable or control lines are detected at an outer wall of the well casing on the basis of the decay of the magnetic field.

2. A downhole tool as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control unit comprises a surface control unit.

3. A downhole tool as claimed in claim 1, the control unit being arranged to control the operation of the downhole tool.

4. A downhole tool as in claim 3, further comprising a telemetry cartridge.

5. A downhole tool as claimed in claim 4, wherein the telemetry cartridge is arranged to send data signals between the eddy current sensor and the control unit.

6. A downhole tool as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control unit comprises a memory unit arranged to record the location of any detected downhole cables or control lines.

7. A downhole tool as in claim 1, wherein the downhole tool is configured to move the eddy current sensor in a longitudinal direction.

8. A downhole tool as in claim 1, wherein the downhole tool comprises a support arm, the eddy current sensor being located at a distal end of the support arm.

9. A downhole tool as claimed in claim 8, wherein the support arm is under bias, such that, in use, the eddy current sensor is pushed against an inner wall of the well casing.

10. A downhole tool as claimed in claim 9, further comprising a sensor arranged to monitor the load experienced by the support arm, wherein the downhole tool is arranged to halt the movement of the support arm when the eddy current sensor is pushed against the internal wall of the well casing at a set force.

11. A downhole tool as in claim 9, wherein the eddy current sensor comprises one or more rollers or skids, the rollers or skids configured to reduce friction with the internal wall of the well casing.

12. A downhole tool as in claim 1, wherein the transmitter coil and the receiver coil are arranged to be fixed in position relative to one another.

13. A downhole tool as claimed in claim 1, wherein the receiver coil and the transmission coil are co-axial.

14. A downhole tool as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control unit is arranged to generate a pulse of current having a square waveform.

15. A method of detecting a downhole cable or control line running along an external wall of a well casing, comprising the steps of:

providing an eddy current sensor and locating the eddy current sensor in proximity to an internal wall of the well casing,

wherein the eddy current sensor includes a receiver coil and a transmitter coil, where the receiver coil and the transmitter coil are configured in a nested arrangement,

sending a pulse of current to the eddy current sensor, thereby generating a magnetic field, and creating eddy currents in the well casing,

measuring, using the eddy current sensor, the magnetic field generated by the eddy currents induced within the downhole cable or control line,

moving the eddy current sensor around the circumference of the internal wall of the well casing,

repeating the generating and measuring steps,

analysing the measurement results of the eddy current sensor, including;

processing the readings taken by the eddy current sensor,

monitoring a decay of the magnetic field induced by the eddy currents generated by the electrical pulse,

analysing a tail end of the magnetic field response curve of the eddy current sensor readings during the decay, wherein the analysis identifies any readings which present a profile suggestive of the downhole cable or control line; and

providing an indication of where the downhole cable or control lines are detected at an outer wall of the well casing on the basis of the decay of the magnetic field created by the eddy currents, and

recording the location corresponding to any such indications of where the downhole cable or control lines are detected.

16. A method as claimed in claim 15, wherein the analysis of eddy currents is performed by a computer processing unit, the computer processing unit comprising a computer program.

17. A method as claimed in claim 16, including the step of the eddy current sensor being calibrated prior to downhole deployment.

18. A method as claimed in claim 17, wherein the calibration comprises repeating the method steps on a well casing of known properties.

19. A method as in claim 18, including the step of moving the eddy current sensor in a longitudinal direction.

20. A method of planning a perforation pattern for a well casing, the method comprising the steps of detecting the location of downhole cable or control lines running along an external wall of the well casing according to the method as claimed in claim 15, and plotting a perforation pattern such that the perforations will not damage any of said downhole cable or control lines.

21. A method as claimed in claim 20, wherein the transmitted coil and the receiver coil are arranged to be fixed in position relative to one another.

22. A method as claimed in claim 15, wherein the transmitted coil and the receiver coil are arranged to be fixed in position relative to one another.

23. A method as claimed in claim 15, wherein the pulse of current is a square wave.