Holdup time measurement for solid state drives

• US 10,521,305 B2
• Filed: 04/29/2016
• Issued: 12/31/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 04/29/2016
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Kioxia Corporation
• Original Assignee: Toshiba Memory Corporation (Kioxia Corporation)
• Inventors: Delaney, Christopher, Thompson, Leland, Hamilton, John, Waidhofer, Gordon, Aiouaz, Ali
• Primary Examiner(s): Schell, Joseph O
• Application Number:
  US15/142,937
• Publication Number:
  US 20170315889A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,341 Days
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 1/263 Arrangements for using multiple switchable power supplies, e.g. battery and AC G06F1/30 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 1/28 Supervision thereof, e.g. detecting power-supply failure by out of limits supervision
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 1/30 Means for acting in the event of power-supply failure or interruption, e.g. power-supply fluctuations for resetting only G06F1/24
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 11/1441 Resetting or repowering
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 11/2015 Redundant power supplies power supply failure G06F1/30
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 11/3034 where the computing system component is a storage system, e.g. DASD based or network based digital input from or digital output to record carriers G06F3/06; digital recording or reproducing G11B20/18; for distributed storage of data in networks, e.g. transport arrangements for network file system [NFS], storage area networks [SAN] or network attached storage [NAS], H04L67/1097
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 11/3419 by assessing time
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0619 in relation to data integrity, e.g. data losses, bit errors
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0625 Power saving in storage systems
• CPC Class Codes: G11C 5/148 Details of power up or power down circuits, standby circuits or recovery circuits
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/0032 Control circuits allowing low power mode operation, e.g. in standby mode
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/10 Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

In one embodiment, a solid state drive (SSD) with power loss protection (PLP) includes a SSD controller, a secondary controller and a power circuit configured to supply power to the SSD from a power source during normal operation and backup power from a backup power source in response to a loss of power supplied by the power source. In the event of a loss of power, the secondary controller is configured to track the holdup time, or duration of time for which the primary controller can operate on backup power. In one embodiment, the holdup time tracked by the secondary controller is stored in a non-volatile memory in communication with the secondary controller.

Claims

1. A solid state drive (SSD) comprising:

a primary controller operable at a first minimum operable voltage;

a secondary controller operable at a second minimum operable voltage that is less than the first minimum operable voltage; and

a power circuit configured to supply power to the primary controller and the secondary controller from a power source during normal operation of the SSD and from a backup power source in response to a loss of power supplied by the power source, wherein

the secondary controller is configured to track a time from the loss of power supplied by the power source to a reset of the primary controller,

wherein the primary controller is not operable at a supply voltage below the first minimum operable voltage, and the secondary controller is operable at the supply voltage below the first minimum operable voltage.

2. The SSD of claim 1, wherein a host device comprises the power source.

3. The SSD of claim 1, wherein the backup power source comprises a capacitor or a battery.

4. The SSD of claim 1, wherein

the loss of power comprises the power source falling below a first predefined threshold;

and

the reset of the primary controller occurs in response to the backup power source falling below a second predefined threshold.

5. The SSD of claim 4, wherein the secondary controller is further configured to detect the power source falling below the first predefined threshold and the backup power source falling below the second predefined threshold.

6. The SSD of claim 4, wherein the second voltage is less than the second predefined threshold.

7. The SSD of claim 1, wherein the secondary controller further comprises a timer to track the time.

8. The SSD of claim 7, further comprising a non-volatile memory operable at the second minimum operable voltage in communication with the secondary controller, and the secondary controller is further configured to track the time by causing a bit to be stored in the non-volatile memory at predefined time intervals.

9. The SSD of claim 8, wherein the secondary controller is further configured to cause the time to be stored in the non-volatile memory at predefined time intervals after the loss of power.

10. The SSD of claim 1, further comprising a volatile memory in communication with the primary controller and a second non-volatile memory in communication with the primary controller, and the primary controller further configured to transfer critical information from the volatile memory to the second non-volatile memory in response to a loss of power.

11. The SSD of claim 10, wherein the critical information comprises a logical to physical address update log.

12. The SSD of claim 1, further comprising a non-volatile memory that is a component of the secondary controller.

13. A method of power loss protection (PLP) for a solid state drive (SSD), the method comprising:

supplying power from a power source during normal operation of the SSD and from a backup power source in response to a loss of power supplied by the power source;

supplying power to a primary controller operable at a first minimum operable voltage, a secondary controller and a non-volatile memory operable at a second minimum operable voltage that is less than the first minimum operable voltage, the non-volatile memory being in communication with the secondary controller; and

tracking a time from the loss of power to a reset of the primary controller,

wherein the primary controller is not operable at a supply voltage below the first minimum operable voltage, and the secondary controller is operable at the supply voltage below the first minimum operable voltage.

14. The method of claim 13, further comprising supplying backup power from a capacitor or a battery.

15. The method of claim 13, further comprising detecting the power source falling below a first predefined threshold.

16. The method of claim 13, further comprising detecting the backup power source falling below a second predefined threshold.

17. The method of claim 13, further comprising storing an indication of the tracked time at predefined time intervals.

18. The method of claim 13, further comprising storing critical information in response to the loss of power in a second non-volatile memory in communication with the primary controller.

19. The method of claim 13, further comprising storing an L2P update log in response to the loss of power.

20. The method of claim 13, further comprising storing the tracked time after regaining power from the power source.