Dynamic quality adjustments for media transport

• US 10,523,978 B1
• Filed: 02/27/2018
• Issued: 12/31/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 02/27/2018
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Amazon Technologies, Inc. (Amazon.com, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Amazon Technologies, Inc. (Amazon.com, Inc.)
• Inventors: Nielsen, Olaf
• Primary Examiner(s): Huerta, Alexander Q
• Application Number:
  US15/906,673
• Time in Patent Office: 672 Days
• Field of Search: None
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 5/14 Two-way operation using the same type of signal, i.e. duplex
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/2187 Live feed
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/2343 involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements video transcoding H04N19/40; media packet handling at the source H04L65/762
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/23439 for generating different versions
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/236 Assembling of a multiplex stream, e.g. transport stream, by combining a video stream with other content or additional data, e.g. inserting a URL [Uniform Resource Locator] into a video stream, multiplexing software data into a video stream; Remultiplexing of multiplex streams; Insertion of stuffing bits into the multiplex stream, e.g. to obtain a constant bit-rate; Assembling of a packetised elementary stream multiplexing of data packets for data networks, e.g. RTP/UDP H04L65/00
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/23655 Statistical multiplexing, e.g. by controlling the encoder to alter its bitrate to optimize the bandwidth utilization
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/2385 Channel allocation H04N21/266 takes precedence; Bandwidth allocation H04N21/24 takes precedence ; allocation of channels according to the instantaneous demands of the users in time-division multiplex systems H04J3/1682; admission control, resource allocation in open networks H04L12/5692; arrangements for maintenance or administration in data switching networks involving bandwidth and capacity management H04L41/0896; negotiating bandwidth in wireless networks H04W28/16
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/2662 Controlling the complexity of the video stream, e.g. by scaling the resolution or bitrate of the video stream based on the client capabilities

Abstract

A content provider might be responsible for content transmitted over a large number of channels, including premium channels that may have fixed quality settings. In order to provide the appropriate quality, the encoders for the premium channels are able to obtain the bit rates (and other capacity) needed. The total bit rate used for the premium channels can then be compared against a maximum bit rate for all channels for the provider to determine a remaining bit rate. The remaining bit rate can then be allocated, evenly or otherwise, across the various non-premium channels. Transmission components such as statmuxes used for the non-premium channels can be configured to adjust the bit rates as necessary based at least in part upon the allocation. Such an approach enables the premium channels to provide the fixed quality ensuring that the aggregate bandwidth meets the bit rate limit.

Claims

1. A computer-implemented method, comprising:

identifying a plurality of channels of live media content to be transmitted to a target destination, the channels including a first set of higher standard channels and a second set of standard channels;

causing the higher standard channels to be encoded, using a plurality of variable bit rate encoders, to satisfy at least one quality criterion;

determining an aggregate quality bit rate utilized by the plurality of variable bit rate encoders to encode the live media content for the higher standard channels, the aggregate quality bit rate determined for a specific period of time across the higher standard channels;

determining a remaining available bit rate by subtracting the aggregate quality bit rate from a maximum bit rate available for the plurality of channels over the specific period of time;

allocating the remaining available bit rate across the second set of standard channels; and

causing the live media content for the first set of higher standard channels and the second set of standard channels, corresponding to the specified period of time, to be transmitted to the target destination.

2. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, further comprising:

assigning subsets of the second set of standard channels to respective statistical time division multiplexers; and

allocating the remaining available bit rate across the statistical time division multiplexers according to a distribution function.

3. The computer-implemented method of claim 2, further comprising:

configuring the set of statistical time division multiplexers to allow for bit rate adjustments during the transmitting.

4. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, further comprising:

setting the at least one quality criterion to a respective fixed quality value for each of the higher standard channels.

5. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, further comprising:

determining the remaining available bit rate at a regular interval; and

causing current values of the remaining available bit rate to be allocated across the second set of standard channels at the regular interval, wherein the bit rates for the standard channels are enabled to vary at the regular interval based at least in part upon the current values of the remaining available bit rate, and wherein the higher standard channels are enabled to satisfy the at least one quality criterion across the regular intervals.

6. A computer-implemented method, comprising:

encoding content for a first set of channels according to respective fixed quality values;

determining an aggregate bit rate used for the encoding of the content for the first set of channels;

determining a remaining available bit rate by comparing the aggregate bit rate against a maximum bit rate for transmission of content for the first set of channels and a second set of channels;

allocating the remaining available bit rate across the second set of channels, wherein respective quality values of processed content for the channels of the second set are determined based at least in part upon the allocated bit rate per channel; and

transmitting the content for the first set of channels and the second set of channels, wherein the transmitting satisfies a maximum bit rate criterion.

7. The computer-implemented method of claim 6, further comprising:

utilizing a set of quality variable bit rate encoders to encode the content for the first set of channels, the quality variable bit rate encoders capable of encoding the content with varying bit rate over time while maintaining the fixed quality values for the first set of channels.

8. The computer-implemented method of claim 6, further comprising:

encoding the content for the second set of channels using a set of variable bit rate encoders; and

processing the encoded content for the second set of channels using a set of statistical time division multiplexers to generate a set of multi-program transport streams, wherein the bit rates for the multi-program transport streams are determined by the allocating of the remaining available bit rate.

9. The computer-implemented method of claim 8, further comprising:

allocating the remaining available bit rate across the statistical time division multiplexers evenly or according to a distribution function.

10. The computer-implemented method of claim 8, further comprising:

configuring the set of statistical time division multiplexers to allow for bit rate adjustments to the multi-program transport streams during the transmitting.

11. The computer-implemented method of claim 6, further comprising:

determining current values of the remaining available bit rate at regular intervals, the regular intervals being intervals in time or video frames.

12. The computer-implemented method of claim 6, further comprising:

transmitting the content for the first set of channels and the second set of channels across a network backbone having a fixed bit rate capacity.

13. The computer-implemented method of claim 6, further comprising:

obtaining a set of one or more criteria for determining that content should be transmitted according to a respective fixed quality value.

14. The computer-implemented method of claim 6, further comprising:

enabling a specified channel to transition between the first set of channels and the second set of channels based at least in part upon a type of content currently being transmitted by the specified channel.

15. A system, comprising:

at least one processor; and

memory including instructions that, when executed by the system, cause the system to;

encode content for a first set of channels according to respective fixed quality values;

determine an aggregate bit rate used for the encoding of the content for the first set of channels;

determine a remaining available bit rate by comparing the aggregate bit rate against a maximum bit rate for transmission of content for the first set of channels and a second set of channels;

allocate the remaining available bit rate across the second set of channels, wherein respective quality values of processed content for the channels of the second set are determined based at least in part upon the allocated bit rate per channel; and

transmit the content for the first set of channels and the second set of channels, wherein the transmitting satisfies a maximum bit rate criterion.

16. The system of claim 15, wherein the instructions when executed further cause the system to:

utilize a set of quality variable bit rate encoders to encode the content for the first set of channels, the quality variable bit rate encoders capable of encoding the content with varying bit rate over time while maintaining the fixed quality values for the first set of channels.

17. The system of claim 15, wherein the instructions when executed further cause the system to:

encode the content for the second set of channels using a set of variable bit rate encoders; and

process the encoded content for the second set of channels using a set of statistical time division multiplexers to generate a set of multi-program transport streams, wherein the bit rates for the multi-program transport streams are determined by the allocating of the remaining available bit rate.

18. The system of claim 17, wherein the instructions when executed further cause the system to:

allocate the remaining available bit rate across the statistical time division multiplexers evenly or according to a distribution function.

19. The system of claim 15, wherein the instructions when executed further cause the system to:

determine current values of the remaining available bit rate at regular intervals, the regular intervals being intervals in time or video frames.

20. The system of claim 15, wherein the instructions when executed further cause the system to:

transmit the content for the first set of channels and the second set of channels across a network backbone having a fixed bit rate capacity.