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Apparatus and method for determining a physiological condition

  • US 10,524,669 B2
  • Filed: 10/16/2013
  • Issued: 01/07/2020
  • Est. Priority Date: 10/13/2003
  • Status: Active Grant
First Claim
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1. A method of alerting a patient to the probability of the presence of hypoglycaemia, the method comprising:

  • receiving, via an input of an apparatus, at least two physiological parameters corresponding to a patient state at time Ts from a group of physiological parameters comprising heart rate or pulse, heart rate variability, skin impedance, perspiration, body temperature, skin temperature, respiration frequency, respiration effort, eye movement, muscle tonus, a measurement obtained by electrooculogram (EOG), an oxygen saturation measurement, blood pressure, a carbon dioxide content of blood, and a non-invasive blood glucose measurement, and a blood glucose level;

    using a processor of the apparatus, determining, from the at least two physiological parameters, a result signal indicative of the presence or onset of hypoglycaemia by processing the received physiological parameters to identify one of a plurality of entries of a look-up table, wherein each entry of the look-up up table begins as an initial set of pre-calculated probabilities of the presence or onset of hypoglycaemia, the pre-calculated probabilities being determined by an adaptive learning algorithm from previously monitored physiological parameters of the person;

    wherein a loop begins with a counter τ

    at the beginning of a predetermined period of time and the at least two physiological parameters are modified by a weighting parameter λ

    , wherein the most recent physiological parameters are weighted more than the older physiological parameters wherein the counter τ

    is provided as;


    τ

    =Ts

    30wherein the predetermined period of time is 30 minutes, and if τ

    <

    1, τ

    is set to 1 instead;

    wherein the initial set of pre-calculated probabilities are adjusted by a correction term γ

    that determines the relative weight of the probabilities at time τ and

    at time τ



    1;

    wherein entries of the look-up table are subsequently updated during operation based on feedback received from the patient, thereby providing an adaptive detection apparatus where the probabilities in the look-up table are both adaptive with respect to the individual patient and with respect to a development of the patient over time; and

    generating a notification, using the apparatus, of the result signal indicative of the presence or onset of hypoglycaemia.

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