Combined heat and power plant and method for operation thereof

• US 10,526,970 B2
• Filed: 12/12/2012
• Issued: 01/07/2020
• Est. Priority Date: 01/23/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Siemens AG
• Original Assignee: Siemens AG
• Inventors: Kautz, Martin, Metzger, Michael, Schafer, Jochen, Wolfrum, Philipp
• Primary Examiner(s): Sung, Gerald L
• Assistant Examiner(s): Chau, Alain
• Application Number:
  US14/373,857
• Publication Number:
  US 20150033758A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,582 Days
• CPC Class Codes: F01K 13/02 Controlling, e.g. stopping or starting
• CPC Class Codes: F01K 23/065 the combustion taking place in an internal combustion piston engine, e.g. a diesel engine
• CPC Class Codes: F02C 6/18 using the waste heat of gas-turbine plants outside the plants themselves, e.g. gas-turbine power heat plants using waste heat as source of energy for refrigeration plants F25B27/02; using the waste heat of a gasturbine for steam generation or in a steam cycle see F01K23/10
• CPC Class Codes: F24D 10/003 Domestic delivery stations having a heat exchanger
• CPC Class Codes: F24D 18/00 Small-scale combined heat and power [CHP] generation systems specially adapted for domestic heating, space heating or domestic hot-water supply
• CPC Class Codes: F24D 2101/00 Electric generators of small-scale CHP systems
• CPC Class Codes: F24D 2103/13 characterised by their heat exchangers
• CPC Class Codes: F24D 2220/06 Heat exchangers
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/381 Dispersed generators
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 30/17 District heating
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 20/14 Combined heat and power generation [CHP]
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 80/15 On-site combined power, heat or cool generation or distribution, e.g. combined heat and power [CHP] supply

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to combined heat and power plants. The teachings thereof may be embodied in methods for operating such a plant to provide electrical and thermal energy to a consumer unit, comprising: simultaneously generating electrical energy and heat in a process flow based on a demand for electricity; storing heat generated in excess of a demand for heat; and increasing a heat output when a difference between an actual provided heat output and the demand for heat is exceeded.

Claims

1. A method for operating a combined heat and power plant for providing electrical and thermal energy for a plurality of consumer units comprising electrical consumer units and thermal consumer units, wherein each consumer unit of the plurality of the consumer units has a respective demand for heat from the combined heat and power plant, the method comprising:

simultaneously generating electrical energy and thermal energy in a process flow at the combined heat and power plant wherein an amount of electrical energy generated mutually depends on an amount of thermal energy generated, wherein the amount of electrical energy generated cannot be adjusted independently of the amount of thermal energy generated;

generating the amount of electrical energy in response to a demand for electrical energy by the electrical consumer units and supplying the amount of electrical energy to the electrical consumer units in response to the demand for electrical energy;

supplying thermal energy generated mutually with the amount of electrical energy to a first set of the thermal consumer units of the plurality of consumer units in response to a respective demand for heat by the first set of the thermal consumer units;

storing a quantity of the thermal energy that is generated in excess of the respective demand for heat by the first set of the thermal consumer units in one or more stores for thermal energy;

determining that a difference between a total of the respective demand for heat from the first set of the thermal consumer units and an amount of heat generated corresponding to the amount of thermal energy generated mutually with the amount of electrical energy exceeds a predetermined threshold, and as a result of the difference exceeding the predetermined threshold, supplying additional generated thermal energy to at least some of the first set of thermal consumer units or an additional thermal consumer unit of the plurality of consumer units, each having a respective demand for heat from the combined heat and power plant, wherein the additional generated thermal energy supplied exceeds the respective demand for heat by the at least some of the first set of the thermal consumer units or the additional thermal consumer unit; and

further dissipating a portion of the additional generated thermal energy as waste using a heat exchanger coupled to at least one of soil and a water reservoir.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein dissipating the portion of the additional generated thermal energy is further effected by transferring the portion of the additional generated thermal energy to surrounding air.

3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein supplying additional generated thermal energy to at least some of the first set of the thermal consumer units or an additional thermal consumer unit further comprises increasing a heat consumption of at least one of the first set of the thermal consumer units.

4. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein increasing the heat consumption of at least one of the first set of the thermal consumer units comprises increasing a set heating temperature for a room or a swimming pool to increase heat consumption.

5. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein supplying additional generated thermal energy to at least some of the first set of the thermal consumer units or an additional thermal consumer unit comprises suspending a lowering of a nighttime temperature of a heating system to increase heat consumption.

6. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein supplying additional generated thermal energy to at least some of the first set of the thermal consumer units or an additional thermal consumer unit comprises activating a further consumer unit to increase heat consumption.