Eyepiece providing color separation in planar waveguides using dichroic filters

• US 10,551,568 B2
• Filed: 06/18/2019
• Issued: 02/04/2020
• Est. Priority Date: 12/22/2016
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Magic Leap, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Magic Leap, Inc.
• Inventors: Yeoh, Ivan Li Chuen, Edwin, Lionel Ernest, Cheng, Hui-Chuan
• Primary Examiner(s): Jordan, Andrew
• Application Number:
  US16/445,115
• Publication Number:
  US 20190310421A1
• Time in Patent Office: 231 Days
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/0081 with means for altering, e.g. enlarging, the entrance or exit pupil
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/1086 operating by diffraction only
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/4205 having a diffractive optical element [DOE] contributing to image formation, e.g. whereby modulation transfer function MTF or optical aberrations are relevant
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/4277 being separated by an air space
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/44 Grating systems; Zone plate systems G02B27/46 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 5/1814 structurally combined with one or more further optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors, prisms or other diffraction gratings G02B5/189 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 5/1876 Diffractive Fresnel lenses; Zone plates; Kinoforms G02B5/1842, G02B5/1847 take precedence; optical systems having diffractive correction means G02B27/0037; Fresnel lenses operating by refraction G02B3/08
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/0016 Grooves, prisms, gratings, scattering particles or rough surfaces
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/29361 Interference filters, e.g. multilayer coatings, thin film filters, dichroic splitters or mirrors based on multilayers, WDM filters

Abstract

An eyepiece for projecting an image to an eye of a viewer includes a first planar waveguide positioned in a first lateral plane, a second planar waveguide positioned in a second lateral plane adjacent the first lateral plane, and a third planar waveguide positioned in a third lateral plane adjacent the second lateral plane. The first waveguide includes a first diffractive optical element (DOE) coupled thereto and disposed at a lateral position. The second waveguide includes a second DOE coupled thereto and disposed at the lateral position. The third waveguide includes a third DOE coupled thereto and disposed at the lateral position. The eyepiece further includes a first optical filter disposed between the first waveguide and the second waveguide at the lateral position, and a second optical filter positioned between the second waveguide and the third waveguide at the lateral position.

Claims

1. An eyepiece for projecting an image to an eye of a viewer, the eyepiece comprising:

a first planar waveguide positioned in a first lateral plane, wherein the first planar waveguide comprises a first incoupling element optically coupled thereto, and wherein the first incoupling element is configured to diffract image light in a first wavelength range centered at a first wavelength;

a second planar waveguide positioned in a second lateral plane adjacent the first lateral plane, wherein the second planar waveguide comprises a second incoupling element optically coupled thereto, and wherein the second incoupling element is configured to diffract image light in a second wavelength range centered at a second wavelength different from the first wavelength; and

a first optical element positioned between the first planar waveguide and the second planar waveguide in lateral alignment with the first incoupling element, wherein the first optical element is configured to reflect image light in the first wavelength range.

2. The eyepiece of claim 1 wherein the first planar waveguide comprises a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, the second planar waveguide comprises a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and wherein the first surface of the second planar waveguide faces the second surface of the first planar waveguide.

3. The eyepiece of claim 2 wherein the first incoupling element is disposed on the second surface of the first planar waveguide adjacent the first surface of the second planar waveguide.

4. The eyepiece of claim 2 further comprising:

a second optical element positioned adjacent the second surface of the second planar waveguide in lateral alignment with the second incoupling element, wherein the second optical element is configured to reflect image light in the second wavelength range.

5. The eyepiece of claim 4 wherein the second incoupling element is positioned laterally offset from the first incoupling element.

6. The eyepiece of claim 5 wherein the first optical element is further configured to reflect image light in the second wavelength range.

7. The eyepiece of claim 4 further comprising:

a third planar waveguide positioned in a third lateral plane adjacent the second lateral plane, wherein the third planar waveguide comprises a third incoupling element coupled thereto, and wherein the third incoupling element is configured to diffract image light in a third wavelength range centered at a third wavelength different from the first wavelength and the second wavelength.

8. The eyepiece of claim 7 wherein the second incoupling element is positioned in lateral alignment with the third incoupling element.

9. The eyepiece of claim 7 wherein the second optical element is configured to have a reflectance value at the second wavelength range that is greater than about 90%.

10. The eyepiece of claim 9 wherein the second optical element is further configured to have a transmittance value at the third wavelength range that is greater than about 90%.

11. The eyepiece of claim 9 further comprising:

a third optical element positioned in lateral alignment with the third incoupling element, wherein the third optical element is configured to reflect image light in the third wavelength range.

12. The eyepiece of claim 11 wherein the third optical element is further configured to reflect image light in the second wavelength range.