Optical ring modulator thermal tuning technique

• US 10,551,715 B2
• Filed: 05/23/2016
• Issued: 02/04/2020
• Est. Priority Date: 05/22/2015
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: California Institute of Technology
• Original Assignee: California Institute of Technology
• Inventors: Saeedi, Saman, Emami, Azita
• Primary Examiner(s): Pak, Sung H
• Assistant Examiner(s): Tran, Hoang Q
• Application Number:
  US15/162,163
• Publication Number:
  US 20170131613A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,352 Days
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2006/12159 Interferometer
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/00 Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/12 of the integrated circuit kind electric integrated circuits H01L27/00
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/12007 forming wavelength selective elements, e.g. multiplexer, demultiplexer
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/122 Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/293 with wavelength selective means
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/0121 Operation of devices; Circuit arrangements, not otherwise provided for in this subclass
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/0147 based on thermo-optic effects G02F1/132 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/025 in an optical waveguide structure G02F1/017, G02F1/2257 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/212 Mach-Zehnder type
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/2257 the optical waveguides being made of semiconducting material
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 2201/06 integrated waveguide
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 2201/58 Arrangements comprising a monitoring photodetector
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 2203/15 involving resonance effects, e.g. resonantly enhanced interaction

Abstract

An optical signal modulator (modulator) includes, in part, a first multitude of diodes coupled in parallel and disposed along an outer periphery of the optical ring of the modulator, a second multitude of diodes coupled in parallel and disposed along the outer periphery of the optical ring, and a doped region adapted to supply heat to the optical ring. A pair of current sources supply substantially constant currents to the first and second multitude of diodes to generate a pair of electrical signals. The modulator further includes, in part, a control circuit adapted to control the temperature of the optical ring in accordance with the pair electrical signals. To achieve this, the control circuit varies the voltage applied to the doped region to vary the supplied heat. Alternatively, the control circuit applies a voltage to the optical ring to maintain a substantially constant resonant wavelength in the optical ring.

Claims

1. An optical signal modulator comprising:

a waveguide receiving an optical signal;

an optical ring adapted to receive a portion of the optical signal via optical coupling;

a first plurality of diodes coupled in parallel and disposed along an outer periphery of the optical ring, said plurality of diodes being separated from the optical ring by a distance, said first plurality of diodes generating a first electrical signal;

a second plurality of diodes coupled in parallel and disposed along the outer periphery of the optical ring, said second plurality of diodes generating a second electrical signal;

a doped region adapted to generate heat to the optical ring; and

a control circuit adapted to control a temperature of the optical ring in accordance with the first and second electrical signals.

2. The optical signal modulator of claim 1 wherein each of said first plurality of diodes has a same junction area defined by a first number.

3. The optical signal modulator of claim 2 wherein each of said second plurality of diodes has a same junction area defined by a second number.

4. The optical signal modulator of claim 3 wherein each of at least a first subset of the first plurality of diodes is disposed between a different pair of the second plurality of diodes.

5. The optical signal modulator of claim 4 further comprising:

a first current source supplying a substantially constant first current to the first plurality of diodes to generate the first electrical signal; and

a second current source supplying a substantially constant second current to the second plurality of diodes to generate the second electrical signal.

6. The optical signal modulator of claim 5 wherein said control circuit comprises an amplifier adapted to control the temperature of the optical ring in accordance with the first and second electrical signals.

7. The optical signal modulator of claim 6 wherein in response to the first and second electrical signals, said amplifier applies a voltage to the doped region to vary the heat so as to maintain the temperature of the ring within a predefined range.

8. The optical signal modulator of claim 7 wherein in response to the first and electrical signals, said amplifier applies a DC voltage to the optical ring to maintain a substantially constant resonant wavelength in the optical ring.

9. The optical signal modulator of claim 7 wherein said optical signal modulator is integrated in a semiconductor substrate.

10. The optical signal modulator of claim 9 wherein said substrate is a silicon substrate.

11. A method of modulating an optical signal, the method comprising:

supplying an optical signal to a waveguide;

coupling a portion of the optical signal to an optical ring;

generating a first electrical signal via a first plurality of diodes coupled in parallel and disposed along an outer periphery of the optical ring, said plurality of diodes being separated from the optical ring by a distance;

generating a second electrical signal via a second plurality of diodes coupled in parallel and disposed along the outer periphery of the optical ring;

supplying heat to the optical ring via a doped region formed near a portion of the optical ring; and

controlling the temperature of the optical ring in accordance with the first and second electrical signals.

12. The method of claim 11 wherein each of said first plurality of diodes has a same junction area defined by a first number.

13. The method of claim 12 wherein each of said second plurality of diodes has a same junction area defined by a second number.

14. The method of claim 13 wherein each of at least a first subset of the first plurality of diodes is disposed between a different pair of the second plurality of diodes.

15. The method of claim 14 further comprising:

supplying a substantially constant first current to the first plurality of diodes to generate the first electrical signal; and

supplying a substantially constant second current to the second plurality of diodes to generate the second electrical signal.

16. The method of claim 15 further comprising:

amplifying a difference between the first and second electrical signals to generate an amplified signal.

17. The method of claim 16 further comprising:

controlling the heat supplied to the optical ring in accordance with the amplified signal.

18. The method of claim 16 further comprising:

controlling a DC voltage applied the optical ring in accordance with the amplified signal to maintain a substantially constant resonant wavelength in the optical ring.

19. The method of claim 17 wherein said waveguide, optical ring, doped region, first and second plurality of diodes, and first and second current sources supplying the first and second currents are integrated in a semiconductor substrate.

20. The method of claim 19 wherein said substrate is a silicon substrate.