Device and method for separating carbon dioxide from a gas stream, in particular from a flue gas stream, comprising a cooling water system

• US 10,569,216 B2
• Filed: 03/24/2015
• Issued: 02/25/2020
• Est. Priority Date: 04/07/2014
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG (Siemens AG)
• Original Assignee: Siemens AG
• Inventors: Hafner, Benjamin, Reichl, Albert, Rogalinski, Tim, Schramm, Henning, Weber, Jorg
• Primary Examiner(s): Holecek, Cabrena
• Application Number:
  US15/129,503
• Publication Number:
  US 20170120186A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,799 Days
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2257/504 Carbon dioxide
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2258/0283 Flue gases
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2259/65 Employing advanced heat integration, e.g. Pinch technology
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/1425 Regeneration of liquid absorbents
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/1475 Removing carbon dioxide
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/18 Absorbing units; Liquid distributors therefor B01D3/16, B01D3/26, B01D3/30 take precedence; packing elements B01J19/30, B01J19/32
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 61/025 Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 1/441 by reverse osmosis
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2103/18 from the purification of gaseous effluents
• CPC Class Codes: F23J 15/04 using washing fluids scrubbers for removing solids only F23J15/022
• CPC Class Codes: F23J 2215/40 Carbon monoxide
• CPC Class Codes: F23J 2219/40 Sorption with wet devices, e.g. scrubbers
• CPC Class Codes: Y02A 50/20 Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
• CPC Class Codes: Y02C 20/40 of CO2
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 20/32 Direct CO2 mitigation

Abstract

A device for separating carbon dioxide from a gas stream, in particular from a flue gas stream, includes an absorber for separating the carbon dioxide from the gas stream by means of a washing medium, a desorber which is fludically connected to the absorber to release the absorbed carbon dioxide from the washing medium, a gas cooler which is fludically connected upstream of the absorber to cool the gas stream, and a processing unit which is connected downstream of the gas cooler and which is equipped and designed to clean water from the gas cooler. A method separates carbon dioxide from a gas stream.

Claims

1. A removal apparatus for carbon dioxide from a gas stream, comprising:

an absorber configured to separate carbon dioxide from the gas stream by means of a scrubbing medium,

a desorber which is connected hydrodynamically to the absorber and configured to liberate absorbed carbon dioxide from the scrubbing medium, wherein a discharge line from the desorber is connected hydrodynamically to a feed line of the absorber,

a gas cooler which is located hydrodynamically upstream of the absorber, which is configured to cool the gas stream, and which is configured to produce a stream of water,

a spray cooling unit configured to use a spray cooling medium to spray cool a first portion of the stream of water discharged from the gas cooler;

a treatment unit which is located downstream of the gas cooler and is configured for purifying a second portion of the stream of water discharged from the gas cooler,

a connection configured to deliver purified water from the treatment unit to the spray cooling unit where the purified water is used as the spray cooling medium, and

an absorber spray cooling unit configured to use a respective spray cooling medium to spray cool the scrubbing medium fed to the absorber, wherein the absorber spray cooling unit is connected hydrodynamically to the treatment unit, which absorber spray cooling unit is installed in the feed line of the absorber, and wherein the purified water from the treatment unit is used as the respective spray cooling medium in the absorber spray cooling unit.

2. The removal apparatus as claimed in claim 1,

wherein the treatment unit comprises a reverse osmosis plant.

3. The removal apparatus as claimed in claim 1,

wherein the treatment unit comprises a stock tank.

4. The removal apparatus as claimed in claim 1,

wherein the treatment unit is configured for feeding purified water to the gas cooler.

5. The removal apparatus as claimed in claim 1,

wherein a direct contact cooler is used as the gas cooler.

6. The removal apparatus as claimed in claim 1,

wherein the absorber is connected hydrodynamically via a discharge line to a feed line of the desorber.

7. The removal apparatus as claimed in claim 1,

wherein the desorber comprises a discharge line for a gas outlet stream in which a desorber spray cooling unit connected hydrodynamically to the treatment unit is installed, wherein the desorber spray cooling unit is configured to use a respective spray cooling medium to spray cool the gas outlet stream, and wherein the purified water from the treatment unit is used as the respective spray cooling medium in the desorber spray cooling unit.

8. The removal apparatus as claimed in claim 1,

wherein the treatment unit is connected hydrodynamically via a feed line to the gas cooler.

9. The removal apparatus as claimed in claim 8,

wherein the gas cooler is installed in a coolant circuit which is connected hydrodynamically via the feed line to the treatment unit.

10. The removal apparatus as claimed in claim 9,

wherein the treatment unit is configured for feeding purified water to the coolant circuit of the gas cooler.

11. A process for removing carbon dioxide from a gas stream, the process comprising:

feeding a gas stream to a gas cooler,

cooling the gas stream within the gas cooler and condensing water out of the gas stream,

taking water from the gas cooler, wherein at least a substream of the water from the gas cooler is fed to a treatment unit in which the water is purified for a further use in the process,

spray cooling a second substream of the water from the gas cooler in a spray cooling unit configured to use water purified in the treatment unit as a spray cooling medium,

returning water than has been spray cooled to the gas cooler, and

feeding the cooled gas stream to an absorber of a removal apparatus in which carbon dioxide present in the gas stream is separated from the gas stream by means of a scrubbing medium,

wherein the scrubbing medium loaded with carbon dioxide from the absorber is fed to a desorber of the removal apparatus in which the absorbed carbon dioxide is liberated from the scrubbing medium, and

wherein the scrubbing medium loaded with carbon dioxide is fed into the desorber from the absorber without being preheated.

12. The process as claimed in claim 11,

wherein the substream is taken from a coolant circuit of the gas cooler.

13. The process as claimed in claim 12,

wherein the water which has been purified in the treatment unit is fed to the coolant circuit.

14. The process as claimed in claim 11,

wherein the purification of the water in the treatment unit is effected by means of reverse osmosis.

15. The process as claimed in claim 11,

wherein the water which has been purified in the treatment unit is fed to the gas cooler.

16. The process as claimed in claim 11,

wherein a direct contact cooler is used as the gas cooler.

17. The process as claimed in claim 11,

spray cooling scrubbing medium fed to the absorber in an absorber spray cooling unit configured to use water purified in the treatment unit as a respective spray cooling medium.

18. The process as claimed in claim 11,

spray cooling carbon dioxide liberated in the desorber in a desorber spray cooling unit configured to use water purified in the treatment unit as a respective spray cooling medium.

19. A removal apparatus for carbon dioxide from a gas stream, comprising:

an absorber configured to separate carbon dioxide from the gas stream by means of a scrubbing medium,

a desorber which is connected hydrodynamically to the absorber and configured to liberate absorbed carbon dioxide from the scrubbing medium,

a gas cooler which is located hydrodynamically upstream of the absorber , which is configured to cool the gas stream, and which is configured to produce a stream of water,

a spray cooling unit configured to use a spray cooling medium to spray cool a first portion of the stream of water discharged from the gas cooler;

a treatment unit which is located downstream of the gas cooler and is configured for purifying a second portion of the stream of water discharged from the gas cooler, and

a connection configured to deliver purified water from the treatment unit to the spray cooling unit where the purified water is used as the spray cooling medium,

wherein the scrubbing medium is fed into the desorber from the absorber without being preheated.