System and method to protect the privacy of ADS-B messages

• US 10,573,185 B2
• Filed: 04/04/2017
• Issued: 02/25/2020
• Est. Priority Date: 06/14/2016
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: The Boeing Co.
• Original Assignee: The Boeing Co.
• Inventors: Scarlatti, David, Casado, Enrique, Esteban-Campillo, David
• Primary Examiner(s): Diallo, Mamadou L
• Application Number:
  US15/478,417
• Publication Number:
  US 20170358214A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,057 Days
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/015 Arrangements for jamming, spoofing or other methods of denial of service of such systems
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/02 Details of the space or ground control segments
• CPC Class Codes: G08G 5/0013 with a ground station
• CPC Class Codes: G08G 5/0026 located on the ground
• CPC Class Codes: G08G 5/0052 for cruising combined instruments indicating more than one navigational value G01C23/00
• CPC Class Codes: G08G 5/0082 for monitoring traffic from a ground station radar or analogous systems specially adapted for traffic control G01S13/91
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2209/08 Randomization, e.g. dummy operations or using noise
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 9/002 Countermeasures against attacks on cryptographic mechanisms network architectures or network communication protocols for protection against malicious traffic H04L63/1441
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 9/12 Transmitting and receiving encryption devices synchronised or initially set up in a particular manner

Abstract

System and method to protect the privacy of ADS-B messages transmitted by aircraft. The system includes one or more ground stations with a ground station control unit and a ground ADS-B transponder for receiving an ADS-B message. The ground station control unit includes an aircraft position determination module for retrieving an aircraft position included in the ADS-B message; an operating conditions module for determining the fulfillment of operating conditions including determining if the aircraft position is an actual aircraft position; and a fake aircraft position generator for computing one or more fake aircraft positions. The ground station control unit broadcasts one or more fake ADS-B messages including the fake aircraft positions if the operating conditions are met. With this system only trusted receivers can obtain the real position of the aircraft.

Claims

1. A system for protecting the privacy of automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B) messages, the system comprising at least one ground station comprising:

a ground ADS-B transponder configured for receiving an ADS-B message;

a ground station control unit comprising;

an aircraft position determination module for retrieving an aircraft position included in the ADS-B message;

an operating conditions module for determining the fulfillment of one or more operating conditions, said operating conditions at least including determining if the aircraft position is an actual aircraft position; and

a fake aircraft position generator for computing one or more fake aircraft positions using a geometric projective transformation of the actual aircraft position over a surface;

wherein the ground station control unit is configured for broadcasting one or more fake ADS-B messages including the fake aircraft positions if the operating conditions are met.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the operating conditions further includes determining if the aircraft position is located inside a region of interest.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein the operating conditions module is configured for determining if the aircraft position is an actual aircraft position by using the geometric projective transformation, the geometric projective transformation being such that:

when applied to an actual aircraft position the geometric projective transformation generates the fake aircraft positions; and

when applied to a fake aircraft position the geometric projective transformation generates at least the same fake aircraft position.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the operating conditions further includes determining if the aircraft position is located inside a region of interest, and wherein the region of interest is defined by the surface used in the geometric projective transformation.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the geometric projective transformation is a projection over a conical surface.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the geometric projective transformation is a projection over a convex surface.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein the fake aircraft position generator is configured to retrieve data for the geometric projective transformation from a memory and to generate the geometric projective transformation.

8. A method of protecting the privacy of ADS-B messages, comprising:

receiving an ADS-B message;

retrieving an aircraft position included in the ADS-B message;

determining the fulfillment of one or more operating conditions, said operating conditions at least including determining if the aircraft position is an actual aircraft position;

in response to the operating conditions being met;

generating one or more fake aircraft positions using a geometric projective transformation of the actual aircraft position over a surface; and

broadcasting one or more fake ADS-B messages including the fake aircraft positions.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the operating conditions further include determining if the aircraft position is located inside a region of interest.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein the step of determining if the aircraft position is an actual aircraft position comprises using the geometric projective transformation such that:

when applied to an actual aircraft position the geometric projective transformation generates the fake aircraft positions; and

when applied to a fake aircraft position the geometric projective transformation generates at least the same fake aircraft position.

11. The method of claim 8, wherein the geometric projective transformation is a projection over a conical surface.

12. The method of claim 8, wherein the geometric projective transformation is a projection over a convex surface.

13. The method of claim 8, further comprising:

retrieving data for the geometric projective transformation from a memory; and

generating the geometric projective transformation.

14. A system for protecting the privacy of automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B) messages, the system comprising:

an aircraft position determination module for retrieving an aircraft position included in an ADS-B message;

an operating conditions module for determining the fulfillment of one or more operating conditions, said operating conditions at least including determining if the aircraft position is an actual aircraft position;

a fake aircraft position generator for computing one or more fake aircraft positions using a geometric projective transformation over a surface; and

a transponder for broadcasting one or more fake ADS-B messages including the fake aircraft positions if the operating conditions are met.

15. The system of claim 14, wherein the operating conditions further include determining if the aircraft position is located inside a region of interest.

16. The system of claim 14, wherein the surface is a conical surface.

17. The system of claim 14, wherein the operating conditions module is configured for determining if the aircraft position is an actual aircraft position by using the geometric projective transformation, the geometric projective transformation being such that:

when applied to an actual aircraft position the geometric projective transformation generates the fake aircraft positions; and

when applied to a fake aircraft position the geometric projective transformation generates at least the same fake aircraft position.

18. The system of claim 14, wherein the surface is a convex surface.

19. The system of claim 14, wherein the fake aircraft position generator is configured to retrieve data for the geometric projective transformation from a memory and to generate the geometric projective transformation.

20. The system of claim 19, wherein the data includes the region of interest, maps, charts, or a combination thereof.