System and device for high-side supply

• US 10,574,229 B1
• Filed: 01/23/2019
• Issued: 02/25/2020
• Est. Priority Date: 01/23/2019
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Tagore Technology, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Tagore Technology, Inc.
• Inventors: Nandi, Prajit
• Primary Examiner(s): Hernandez, William
• Application Number:
  US16/254,949
• Time in Patent Office: 398 Days
• Field of Search: 327108, 327109, 327530, 327538, 327564, 327588, 327589
• CPC Class Codes: H03K 17/063 in field-effect transistor switches
• CPC Class Codes: H03K 17/162 without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit
• CPC Class Codes: H03K 19/01735 by bootstrapping, i.e. by positive feed-back
• CPC Class Codes: H03K 2217/0063 High side switches, i.e. the higher potential [DC] or life wire [AC] being directly connected to the switch and not via the load
• CPC Class Codes: H03K 2217/0081 Power supply means, e.g. to the switch driver

Abstract

An electrical circuit includes a ground-referenced transistor and a non-ground-referenced transistor configured in a half-bridge topology. The non-ground-referenced power transistor has a first conducting electrode coupled to a high voltage power supply, a control electrode coupled to a high-side pre-driver, and a second conducting electrode coupled to a switch node. The electrical circuit further includes a boot-strapped capacitor having a bottom plate coupled to the second conducting electrode and a top plate coupled to the high-side pre-driver, and an interface coupled to a first sense device for sensing a voltage at the top plate, a second sense device for sensing a voltage at the bottom plate, and a charging device for selectively increasing the voltage at the top plate. The interface controls the charging device based on the voltage at the top plate and the voltage at the bottom plate.

Claims

1. An electrical circuit comprising:

a ground-referenced power transistor and a non-ground-referenced power transistor configured in a half-bridge topology, the non-ground-referenced power transistor having a first conducting electrode coupled to a high voltage power supply, a control electrode coupled to a high-side pre-driver, and a second conducting electrode coupled to a switch node;

a boot-strapped capacitor having a bottom plate coupled to the second conducting electrode for providing a floating-ground voltage thereto, and having a top plate coupled to the high-side pre-driver;

an interface portion including an adaptive boot-strapped capacitor regulator (hereinafter, “

regulator”

), wherein the interface portion selectively turns OFF and ON the ground-referenced power transistor and the non-ground-referenced power transistor;

a first sense device including a high-voltage, enhancement-mode, GaN HEMT for sensing a voltage at the top plate, having a gate terminal coupled to the regulator, a source terminal coupled to the regulator and a drain terminal coupled to the top plate through a diode;

a second sense device, coupled to the regulator, for sensing a voltage at the bottom plate; and

a charging device coupled to the regulator and to the top plate, the charging device for selectively increasing the voltage at the top plate,

wherein the regulator controls the charging device based on the voltage at the top plate and the voltage at the bottom plate.

2. The electrical circuit of claim 1, wherein the regulator controls the charging device based on a difference between the voltage at the top plate and the voltage at the bottom plate.

3. The electrical circuit of claim 2, wherein the charging device increases the voltage at the top plate when the difference between the voltage at the top plate and the voltage at the bottom plate is less than a target value.

4. The electrical circuit of claim 3, wherein the non-ground-referenced power transistor and the ground-referenced power transistor are GaN HEMTs, and wherein the target value is 6V±

10%.

5. The electrical circuit of claim 1, wherein the regulator turns ON the first sense device and the second sense device only when the ground-referenced power transistor is ON.

6. The electrical circuit of claim 5, wherein the regulator includes a first voltage generating circuit comprising a first switched-capacitor circuit coupled to the gate terminal of the first sense device, wherein the first voltage generating circuit receives a signal representative of a gate voltage of the ground-referenced power transistor and, in response thereto, outputs to the gate terminal of the first sense device a voltage having a value sufficient to turn ON the first sense device.

7. The electrical circuit of claim 1, wherein the second sense device includes a high-voltage, enhancement-mode, GaN HEMT having a gate terminal coupled to the regulator, a source terminal coupled to the regulator and a drain terminal coupled to the bottom plate.

8. The electrical circuit of claim 7, wherein the regulator includes a second voltage generating circuit comprising a second switched-capacitor circuit coupled to the gate terminal of the second sense device, wherein the second voltage generating circuit receives a signal representative of a gate voltage of the ground-referenced power transistor and, in response thereto, outputs to the gate terminal of the second sense device a voltage having a value sufficient to turn ON the second sense device.

9. The electrical circuit of claim 1, wherein the charging device includes a high-voltage, enhancement-mode, GaN HEMT having a gate terminal coupled to the regulator, a source terminal coupled to the regulator and a drain terminal coupled to the top plate.

10. The electrical circuit of claim 9, wherein the regulator turns ON the charging device only when the ground-referenced power transistor is ON and in response to a difference between the voltage at the top plate and the voltage at the bottom plate.

11. The electrical circuit of claim 1, wherein the non-ground-referenced power transistor is an N-channel, enhancement-mode, GaN HEMT having a gate terminal coupled to the high-side pre-driver, a drain terminal coupled to the high voltage power supply, and a source terminal coupled to the switch node.

12. The electrical circuit of claim 11, wherein the high-side pre-driver selectively provides to the gate terminal of the non-ground-referenced power transistor one of a voltage at the switch node and a voltage derived from the voltage at the top plate, based on a signal from the interface portion.

13. An electrical circuit comprising:

a ground-referenced power transistor and a non-ground-referenced power transistor configured in a half-bridge topology, the non-ground-referenced power transistor having a first conducting electrode coupled to a high voltage power supply, a control electrode coupled to a high-side pre-driver, and a second conducting electrode coupled to a switch node;

a boot-strapped capacitor having a bottom plate coupled to the second conducting electrode for providing a floating-ground voltage thereto, and having a top plate coupled to the high-side pre-driver;

an interface portion including an adaptive boot-strapped capacitor regulator (hereinafter, “

regulator”

), wherein the interface portion selectively turns OFF and ON the ground-referenced power transistor and the non-ground-referenced power transistor, and wherein the regulator includes a comparison signal-generating circuit coupled to the source terminal of the first sense device, to the source terminal of the second sense device and to a reference voltage, the comparison signal-generating circuit further including a comparator, wherein the comparison signal-generating circuit determines a difference between a signal at the source terminal of the first sense device and a signal at the source terminal of the second sense device, and wherein the comparator compares the difference with the reference voltage and, in response thereto, produces a first intermediate signal;

a first sense device, coupled to the regulator, for sensing a voltage at the top plate;

a second sense device, coupled to the regulator, for sensing a voltage at the bottom plate; and

a charging device coupled to the regulator and to the top plate, the charging device for selectively increasing the voltage at the top plate,

wherein the regulator controls the charging device based on the voltage at the top plate and the voltage at the bottom plate, and

wherein the comparison signal-generating circuit includes a de-glitch module that receives the first intermediate signal and that outputs a second intermediate signal representative of the first intermediate signal without any chattering that may be present in the first intermediate signal.

14. The electrical circuit of claim 13, wherein the comparison signal-generating circuit further includes:

an AND gate that receives the second intermediate signal at one input terminal and that outputs a charging pulse,

a latch for storing a latest value of the charging pulse, and

a one-shot module, coupled to an output terminal of the latch, that outputs a signal to another input terminal of the AND gate,

wherein if charging of the boot-strapped capacitor is not complete in any cycle, then the comparison signal-generating circuit outputs the charging pulse without waiting for the de-glitch module to output the second intermediate signal.

15. The electrical circuit of claim 14, wherein the regulator includes a third voltage generating circuit comprising a third switched-capacitor circuit coupled to the gate and source terminals of the charging device, and in response to the charging pulse and timing signals, outputs to the gate terminal of the charging device a voltage having a value sufficient to turn ON the charging device.

16. The electrical circuit of claim 13, wherein the second sense device includes a high-voltage, enhancement-mode, GaN HEMT having a gate terminal coupled to the regulator, a source terminal coupled to the regulator and a drain terminal coupled to the bottom plate.

17. The electrical circuit of claim 13, wherein the charging device includes a high-voltage, enhancement-mode, GaN HEMT having a gate terminal coupled to the regulator, a source terminal coupled to the regulator and a drain terminal coupled to the top plate.

18. An electrical circuit comprising:

a ground-referenced power transistor and a non-ground-referenced power transistor configured in a half-bridge topology, the non-ground-referenced power transistor having a first conducting electrode coupled to a high voltage power supply, a control electrode coupled to a high-side pre-driver, and a second conducting electrode coupled to a switch node;

a boot-strapped capacitor having a bottom plate coupled to the second conducting electrode for providing a floating-ground voltage thereto, and having a top plate coupled to the high-side pre-driver;

an interface portion including an adaptive boot-strapped capacitor regulator (hereinafter, “

regulator”

), wherein the interface portion selectively turns OFF and ON the ground-referenced power transistor and the non-ground-referenced power transistor;

a first sense device, coupled to the regulator, for sensing a voltage at the top plate;

a second sense device, coupled to the regulator, for sensing a voltage at the bottom plate; and

a charging device coupled to the regulator and to the top plate, the charging device for selectively increasing the voltage at the top plate,

wherein the regulator controls the charging device based on the voltage at the top plate and the voltage at the bottom plate,

wherein the ground-referenced power transistor is an N-channel, enhancement-mode, GaN HEMT having a drain terminal coupled to the switch node, a source terminal coupled to ground potential and a gate terminal coupled to a low-side pre-driver,

wherein the low-side pre-driver selectively provides to the gate terminal of the ground-referenced power transistor a gate voltage having one of a value that turns ON the ground-referenced power transistor and another value that turns OFF the ground-referenced power transistor, based on a signal from the interface portion, and

wherein the gate voltage of the ground-referenced power transistor is level shifted and inverted, and then fed back to the regulator.

19. The electrical circuit of claim 18, wherein the regulator controls the charging device based on a difference between the voltage at the top plate and the voltage at the bottom plate.

20. The electrical circuit of claim 18, wherein the non-ground-referenced power transistor is an N-channel, enhancement-mode, GaN HEMT having a gate terminal coupled to the high-side pre-driver, a drain terminal coupled to the high voltage power supply, and a source terminal coupled to the switch node.