Health monitoring systems and methods

• US 10,610,159 B2
• Filed: 12/15/2017
• Issued: 04/07/2020
• Est. Priority Date: 10/07/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: RDS
• Original Assignee: Rhythm Diagnostic Systems, Inc.
• Inventors: Eletr, Sam, Golda, George Stefan, Marriott, Mark P., O'Neil, Bruce, Smith, George E., Moyer, Daniel Van Zandt
• Primary Examiner(s): Kahelin, Michael W
• Assistant Examiner(s): Jian, Shirley X
• Application Number:
  US15/844,116
• Publication Number:
  US 20180177459A1
• Time in Patent Office: 844 Days
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2560/0295 adapted for recording user messages or annotations
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2560/0412 Low-profile patch shaped housings
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/185 Optical shielding, e.g. baffles
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0002 Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network A61B5/07 takes precedence; transmission systems for measured values G08C; transmission H04B; transmission of digital information H04L; wireless communication networks H04W
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0006 ECG or EEG signals
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0059 using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence A61B5/0093, A61B5/1455, A61B5/02416 and A61B5/0261 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0205 Simultaneously evaluating both cardiovascular conditions and different types of body conditions, e.g. heart and respiratory condition
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/02125 of pulse wave propagation time
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/02141 Details of apparatus construction, e.g. pump units or housings therefor, cuff pressurising systems, arrangements of fluid conduits or circuits A61B5/02233, A61B5/0235 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/02438 with portable devices, e.g. worn by the patient
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0261 using optical means, e.g. infrared light
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0295 using plethysmography, i.e. measuring the variations in the volume of a body part as modified by the circulation of blood therethrough, e.g. impedance plethysmography
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/08 Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs A61B5/0205 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/11 Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor, mobility of a limb for measuring pulse A61B5/02 ;A61B5/1038 takes precedence; motion detection to correct for motion artifacts in physiological signals A61B5/721
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1118 Determining activity level
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14551 for measuring blood gases
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14552 Details of sensors specially adapted therefor
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/259 using conductive adhesive means, e.g. gels
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/282 Holders for multiple electrodes for introduction into the body A61B5/287
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/318 Heart-related electrical modalities, e.g. electrocardiography [ECG]
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/335 : using integrated circuit memory devices
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/352 : Detecting R peaks, e.g. for synchronising diagnostic apparatus; Estimating R-R interval
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6828 : Leg
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6833 : Adhesive patches
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/72 : Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes character recognition, recognising digital ink, document-oriented image-based pattern recognition G06V30/00; recognition or understanding of postal images G06V30/424
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7207 : of noise induced by motion artifacts
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/721 : using a separate sensor to detect motion or using motion information derived from signals other than the physiological signal to be measured
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7214 : using signal cancellation, e.g. based on input of two identical physiological sensors spaced apart, or based on two signals derived from the same sensor, for different optical wavelengths
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7275 : Determining trends in physiological measurement data; Predicting development of a medical condition based on physiological measurements, e.g. determining a risk factor
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/743 : Displaying an image simultaneously with additional graphical information, e.g. symbols, charts, function plots

Abstract

Systems, methods and devices for reducing noise in health monitoring including monitoring systems, methods and/or devices receiving a health signal and/or having at least one electrode and/or sensor for health monitoring.

Claims

1. A device comprising:

a light pipe having operatively associated therewith;

one or more light sources or LEDs and

a non-light transmissive barrier wall providing a barrier against light propagation therethrough and disposed therein in an encircling disposition about the light sources or LEDs to disperse light for blood oxygenation monitoring; and

,

one or more light sensors or photodiodes disposed outside and about the encircling disposition of the barrier wall for capturing light reflections for blood oxygenation monitoring;

the light pipe presenting a flat surface with the barrier wall; and

,

circuitry for reducing errors caused by ambient light including a correlated double sampling technique;

comprising;

first and second switches and;

first and second capacitors,

the first capacitor being in series with the light sensor, and the second capacitor being in parallel with the output, and the first and second switches being disposed between the output and ground to alternatively output or shunt to ground;

the first and second switches being configured to remove ambient light signal by;

first, the noise signal being measured, by;

the light sources turned off, first switch is closed, and second switch is open;

the charge proportional to the noise signal accumulating on the first capacitor;

then the first switch is opened, the voltage on the first capacitor at this point is equal to the noise signal voltage; and

,

then the light signal is measured;

the light source is turned on, the second switch closed, and charge is allowed to flow through the first and second capacitors in series.

2. A device according to claim 1 further including one or more of:

the light pipe comprising a light transmissive material having at least one of the light sources or LEDs and the barrier wall disposed therewithin;

the one or more light sensors or photodiodes disposed within the light pipe comprising a light transmissive material; and

,

the light pipe comprising a light transmissive material that encapsulates either or both;

the one or more light sources and

the one or more sensors.

3. A device according to claim 2 further including the light transmissive material or light pipe encapsulating one or both the one or more light sources or the one or more sensors, encapsulating by having substantially no air gaps between the light transmissive material or light pipe encapsulating one or both the one or more light sources or the one or more sensors, for one or both:

efficiency in

light emission to the skin or

capturing light reflections;

the efficiency being in relation to any other light pipe that does not have the herein defined operative association of the barrier wall relative thereto.

4. A device according to claim 1 further including an external barrier wall, external being disposed relative to all of the barrier wall, the one or more light sources or LEDs and the one or more light sensors or photodiodes.

5. A device according to claim 4 the external barrier wall being structurally configured for being positioned for collecting light.

6. A device according to claim 1 including the light pipe being structurally configured for oxygenation determination.

7. A device according to claim 6 further comprising being configured for one or more of:

emitting light from one or more light sources or LEDs;

barring the light emitting from crossing the barrier wall;

or,

receiving reflected light from the light emitted from the light sources or LEDs.

8. A device according to claim 7 further comprising being configured for one or more of:

passing the light emitted from the one or more light sources into the skin of a subject;

receiving reflected light from the subject;

or,

determining oxygenation from the reflected light.

9. A device according to claim 6 further comprising being configured for one or more of:

emitting light to the skin of the user by one or both of direct emission or reflection; and

,

collecting light by one or both of direct collection or reflection;

or,

the reflection being off the barrier wall or an external barrier wall.

10. A device according to claim 1, wherein one or more of:

the light pipe comprises a transmissive material that is epoxy;

the barrier wall is one or the other of metal or plastic;

the barrier wall is either or both opaque or diffuse reflective to one or more wavelengths of light;

including one or more of red, InfraRed (IR), green, or a weighted combination of wavelengths;

the light pipe comprises a transmissive material having a substantially flat surface;

a thin adhesive is adhered to the surface of a transmissive material for adhering to the skin; and

/or

little or no air gap is presented between a transmissive material and one or more of the skin, the light sources and the sensors.

11. A device for oxygenation determination, the device having:

a substrate and disposed thereon;

a light pipe having disposed therein all on the substrate;

one or more centrally disposed light sources or LEDs; and

,

one or more sensors or photodiodes;

the one or more light sources or LEDs being centrally disposed relative to the one or more sensors or photodiodes to sense reflected light emitted from the light sources; and

,

the one or more sensors or photodiodes being peripherally disposed in the same plane on the substrate relative to the light sources or LEDs;

the light pipe presenting a flat surface with the sources and sensors; and

,

circuitry for reducing errors caused by ambient light including a correlated double sampling technique;

comprising;

first and second switches and;

first and second capacitors,

wherein the first capacitor is in series with the light sensor, and the second capacitor is in parallel with the output, and the first and second switches are disposed between the output and ground to alternatively output or shunt to ground;

the first and second switches being configured to remove ambient light signal by;

first, the noise signal being measured, by;

the light sources turned off, first switch is closed, and second switch is open;

the charge proportional to the noise signal accumulating on the first capacitor;

then the first switch is opened, the voltage on the first capacitor at this point is equal to the noise signal voltage; and

,

then the light signal is measured;

the light source is turned on, the second switch closed, and charge is allowed to flow through the first and second capacitors in series.

12. A device according to claim 11 wherein one or more of:

two light sources or LEDs are disposed centrally relative to two or more sensors;

four light sources or LEDs are disposed centrally relative to two or more sensors; and

,

four light sources or LEDs are disposed centrally relative to four or more sensors;

wherein a barrier wall is disposed between the sensors and the light sources or LEDs.

13. A device according to claim 11, the device being adapted to be adhered to the skin of a subject for the physiological parameter monitoring;

the device comprising;

the substrate; and

;

a conductive sensor connected to the substrate, and

a combination of one or more pulse oximetry sensors connected to the substrate, and, the one or more light sources or LEDs for one or more wavelengths, and a barrier wall disposed therebetween.

14. A device according to claim 13 the one or more pulse oximetry sensors or light sources or LEDs being configured by control elements to focus or control interrogation of a capillary bed to reduce local motion artifact effects.

15. A device according to claim 11, the one or more centrally disposed light sources or LEDs including red, InfraRed (IR), green, or a weighted combination of wavelengths.

16. A device according to claim 11 wherein one or more of:

two light sources or LEDs are disposed centrally relative to two or more sensors;

four light sources or LEDs are disposed centrally relative to two or more sensors; and

,

four light sources or LEDs are disposed centrally relative to four or more sensors.

17. A device according to claim 11, the device being adapted to be adhered to the skin of a subject for physiological parameter monitoring;

the device comprising;

the substrate; and

;

a conductive sensor connected to the substrate, and

a combination of one or more pulse oximetry sensors connected to the substrate, and, the one or more light sources or LEDs for one or more wavelengths, the one or more light sources or LEDs being centrally disposed relative to the sensors.

18. A device according to claim 17 the one or more pulse oximetry sensors or light sources or LEDs being configured for interrogation of a wide area of capillary bed in order to reduce local motion artifact effects.

19. A device according to claim 11,

the device being adapted to be adhered to the skin of a subject;

and,

the device also comprising;

a conductive sensor connected to the substrate, and

the one or more light sources or LEDs being for one or more wavelengths.

20. A device according to claim 11,

the device being adapted to be adhered to the skin of a subject;

the device also comprising;

a conductive sensor connected to the substrate, and

the one or more light sources or LEDs being for one or more wavelengths; and

,

a barrier wall disposed between the one or more light sensors and the one or more light sources or LEDs.