Dynamic brake circuit assembly for a wind turbine

• US 10,615,727 B2
• Filed: 08/27/2018
• Issued: 04/07/2020
• Est. Priority Date: 08/27/2018
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: GE Infrastructure Technology, LLC (General Electric Company)
• Original Assignee: General Electric Company
• Inventors: Wagoner, Robert Gregory, Holliday, Cornelius Edward, Niemoeller, Benjamin Arthur, Smith, David
• Primary Examiner(s): Patel, Tulsidas C
• Assistant Examiner(s): Ortega, Joseph
• Application Number:
  US16/113,213
• Publication Number:
  US 20200067437A1
• Time in Patent Office: 589 Days
• CPC Class Codes: F03D 1/00 Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor controlling thereof F03D7/02
• CPC Class Codes: F03D 17/00 Monitoring or testing of wind motors, e.g. diagnostics testing during commissioning of wind motors F03D13/30
• CPC Class Codes: F03D 7/0244 for braking
• CPC Class Codes: F03D 9/255 connected to electrical distribution networks; Arrangements therefor
• CPC Class Codes: F05B 2220/30 in turbines
• CPC Class Codes: F05B 2220/70646 Double fed induction generators (DFIGs)
• CPC Class Codes: F05B 2260/903 using electrical or magnetic forces
• CPC Class Codes: F05B 2270/1011 to prevent overspeed
• CPC Class Codes: F05B 2270/337 Electrical grid status parameters, e.g. voltage, frequency or power demand
• CPC Class Codes: F05B 2270/402 passive or reactive, e.g. using large wind vanes
• CPC Class Codes: F05B 2270/502 electrical means, e.g. relays or switches
• CPC Class Codes: F05B 2270/602 electrical actuators
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/327 against abnormal temperatures
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/346 Passive non-dissipative snubbers
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/36 Means for starting or stopping converters
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/155 using semiconductor devices only
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 5/42 by static converters
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 5/4585 having a rectifier with controlled elements
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 2101/15 for wind-driven turbines
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 29/0241 the fault being an overvoltage
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 9/007 : Control circuits for doubly fed generators
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 9/08 : Control of generator circuit during starting or stopping of driving means, e.g. for initiating excitation
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 9/105 : for increasing the stability
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 9/305 : controlling voltage H02P9/302 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/10 : Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 10/72 : Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 10/76 : Power conversion electric or electronic aspects

Abstract

A power converter assembly for an electrical power system connected to a power grid includes a rotor-side converter configured for coupling to a generator rotor of a generator of the electrical power system, a line-side converter electrically coupled to rotor-side converter via a DC link, and a dynamic brake assembly electrically coupled to the DC link. The line-side converter is configured for coupling to the power grid. The dynamic brake assembly includes a plurality of switching devices connected in parallel and a plurality of inductors electrically coupled between the plurality of switching devices.

Claims

1. A power converter assembly for an electrical power system connected to a power grid, the power converter assembly comprising:

a rotor-side converter configured for coupling to a generator rotor of a generator of the electrical power system;

a line-side converter electrically coupled to rotor-side converter via a DC link, the line-side converter configured for coupling to the power grid;

at least one sensor configured to monitor at voltage parameter of the DC link; and

,

a dynamic brake assembly electrically coupled to the DC link, the dynamic brake assembly comprising a plurality of switching devices connected in parallel and a plurality of inductors electrically coupled between the plurality of switching devices,

wherein, when the voltage parameter is at or above a voltage threshold, the dynamic brake assembly is configured to turn on such that the plurality of inductors receives at least part of a load generated by the power converter assembly.

2. The power converter assembly of claim 1, wherein the dynamic brake assembly further comprises a resistor electrically coupled to a node positioned between the plurality of inductors.

3. The power converter assembly of claim 2, wherein the resistor comprises a split resistor.

4. The power converter assembly of claim 2, wherein the plurality of switching devices may be arranged in a plurality of pairs of switching devices connected in parallel.

5. The power converter assembly of claim 4, wherein each of the plurality of inductors are connected to nodes between first and second switching devices of each of the plurality of pairs of switching devices.

6. The power converter assembly of claim 2, wherein each of the plurality of inductors is connected in parallel with the resistor.

7. The power converter assembly of claim 1, wherein the dynamic brake assembly further comprises a plurality of resistors, each of the plurality of resistors being connected in series with one of the plurality of inductors between the plurality of switching devices to form a plurality of dynamic brake circuits.

8. The power converter assembly of claim 7, wherein the dynamic brake assembly further comprises at least one snubber capacitor electrically coupled between the plurality of dynamic brake circuits.

9. The power converter assembly of claim 8, wherein the dynamic brake assembly further comprises at least one additional resistor connected in series with the snubber capacitor.

10. The power converter assembly of claim 9, wherein the dynamic brake assembly further comprises at least one additional resistor connected in parallel with the snubber capacitor.

11. The power converter assembly of claim 1, wherein the plurality of switching devices comprise insulated-gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs).

12. The power converter assembly of claim 1, wherein the electrical power system is part of a wind turbine power system, and the generator comprises a doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG).

13. A power converter assembly for an electrical power system connected to a power grid, the power converter assembly comprising:

a rotor-side converter configured for coupling to a generator rotor of a generator of the electrical power system;

a line-side converter electrically coupled to rotor-side converter via a DC link, the line-side converter configured for coupling to the power grid;

at least one sensor configured to monitor at voltage parameter of the DC link; and

,

a dynamic brake assembly electrically coupled to the DC link, the dynamic brake assembly comprising a plurality of switching devices connected in parallel and at least one resistance-inductance component electrically coupled between the plurality of switching devices,

wherein, when the voltage parameter is at or above a voltage threshold, the dynamic brake assembly is configured to turn on such that the at least one resistance-inductance component receives at least part of a load generated by the power converter assembly.

14. A method for controlling peak voltage of a DC link of a power converter of an electrical power system connected to a power grid with minimal switching losses, the method comprising:

electrically coupling a dynamic brake assembly to a DC link of the power converter, the dynamic brake having a plurality of switching devices connected in parallel and a plurality of inductors electrically coupled between the plurality of switching devices;

receiving a voltage measurement of the DC link of the power converter;

comparing the voltage measurement of the DC link to a voltage threshold;

when the voltage measurement is at or above the voltage threshold, turning on the dynamic brake assembly of the power converter such that the at least one inductor receives at least part of a load generated by the power converter.

15. The method of claim 14, further comprising applying hysteresis to the voltage measurement.

16. The method of claim 14, wherein turning on the dynamic brake assembly of the power converter further comprises determining at least one gating command for each of the plurality of switching devices.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein determining the at least one gating command for each of the plurality of switching devices further comprises time-shifting on-delays and off-delays of the plurality of switching devices to optimize sharing of a load between the plurality of switching devices.

18. The method of claim 14, wherein the dynamic brake assembly further comprises a plurality of resistors and a plurality of inductors coupled between the plurality of switching devices, each of the plurality of resistors connected in series with one of the plurality of inductors to form a plurality of dynamic brake circuits, the dynamic brake assembly further comprising at least one snubber capacitor coupled between the plurality of dynamic brake circuits.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein determining the at least one gating command for each of the plurality of switching devices further comprises:

simultaneously turning on the plurality of switching devices to optimize sharing of a load between the plurality of switching devices; and

,

time-shifting turn-off commands for the plurality of switching devices such that each switching device turns off at a different time.

20. The method of claim 14, wherein the dynamic brake assembly further comprises a resistor electrically coupled to a node positioned between the plurality of inductors.