High charge rate, large capacity, solid-state battery

• US 10,622,680 B2
• Filed: 04/06/2017
• Issued: 04/14/2020
• Est. Priority Date: 04/06/2017
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: de Souza, Joel P., Lee, Yun Seog, Li, Ning, Sadana, Devendra K.
• Primary Examiner(s): Harris, Gary D
• Application Number:
  US15/481,042
• Publication Number:
  US 20180294526A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,104 Days
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0436 Small-sized flat cells or batteries for portable equipment
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0463 Cells or batteries with horizontal or inclined electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0472 Vertically superposed cells with vertically disposed plates
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/052 Li-accumulators
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0525 Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0562 Solid materials
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0585 of accumulators having only flat construction elements, i.e. flat positive electrodes, flat negative electrodes and flat separators
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2200/103 Fuse
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2220/30 Batteries in portable systems, e.g. mobile phone, laptop
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/131 Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/507 comprising an arrangement of two or more busbars within a container structure, e.g. busbar modules
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/54 Connection of several leads or tabs of plate-like electrode stacks, e.g. electrode pole straps or bridges
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/583 in response to current, e.g. fuses
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 6/40 Printed batteries , e.g. thin film batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 70/50 Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Abstract

Solid-state battery structures, particularly solid-state lithium-based battery structures, which are fast charging and have a high capacity are provided. Notably, fast charging, high capacity solid-state battery structures are provided that include a plurality of solid-state-thin-film batteries that are stacked one atop the other, or that include an array of interconnected solid-state thin-film batteries, or that contain a solid-state thin-film battery located on physically exposed surfaces of fin structures.

Claims

1. A solid-state battery structure comprising:

a plurality of solid-state thin-film battery sub-sheets vertically stacked one atop the other, wherein each solid-state thin-film battery sub-sheet of the plurality of solid-state thin-film battery sub-sheets consists of a substrate portion and a solid-state thin-film battery structure portion wherein each solid-state thin-film battery structure portion comprises a bottom electrode, a cathode, a solid-state electrolyte, and a top electrode, and each substrate portion is composed of a semiconductor material having semiconducting properties, wherein each substrate portion entirely separates the top electrode of a bottom solid-state thin-film battery structure portion from a bottom electrode of a top solid-state thin-film battery structure portion, wherein an entirety of each solid-state thin-film battery structure portion including the bottom electrode, the cathode, the solid-state electrolyte and the top electrode has outermost sidewall surfaces that are vertically aligned to each other and to outermost sidewall surfaces of each of the substrate portions; and

a plurality of fuse elements located in adjacent to the plurality of solid-state thin-film battery sub-sheets, wherein the bottom electrode of each solid-state thin-film battery sub-sheet of the plurality of solid-state thin-film battery sub-sheets is in electrically communication with one of the plurality of fuse elements, and the fuse elements of the plurality of fuse elements are configured to be in parallel with one another.

2. The solid-state battery structure of claim 1, wherein each solid-state thin-film battery structure portion further comprises an anode region located between the solid-state electrolyte and the top electrode.

3. The solid-state battery structure of claim 2, wherein each solid-state thin-film battery structure portion is a lithium-based battery, wherein the cathode comprises a lithium-based mixed oxide, the solid-state electrolyte comprises a material that enables the conduction of lithium ions.

4. The solid-state battery structure of claim 3, wherein the anode region is composed of a plurality of lithium regions.

5. The solid-state battery structure of claim 3, wherein the anode region comprises a lithium ion generator or lithium intercalation active material.

6. The solid-state battery structure of claim 1, further comprising a load, wherein the load has a first connection to the plurality of fuse elements and a second connection to the top electrode of each solid-state thin film battery of the plurality of solid-state thin-film battery sub-sheets.

7. The solid-state battery structure of claim 1, wherein each fuse element is composed of a metal or metal alloy that melts when the battery is shunted and current is overflowed.

8. The solid-state battery structure of claim 7, wherein each fuse element is selected from the groups consisting of indium, tin, gallium, and their alloys.