Power converter

• US 10,622,899 B1
• Filed: 01/24/2019
• Issued: 04/14/2020
• Est. Priority Date: 12/13/2018
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Dialog Semiconductor UK Ltd (Renesas Electronics Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Dialog Semiconductor UK Ltd (Renesas Electronics Corporation)
• Inventors: de Cremoux, Guillaume
• Primary Examiner(s): Wells, Kenneth B
• Application Number:
  US16/256,370
• Time in Patent Office: 446 Days
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 19/16528 using digital techniques or performing arithmetic operations using digital techniques to measure a voltage or a current, see G01R19/25
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/0012 Control circuits using digital or numerical techniques in DC/DC converters H02M3/157, H02M3/33515; in DC-AC converters H02M7/53873
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/0043 Converters switched with a phase shift, i.e. interleaved non-isolated DC/DC converters H02M3/1586
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/07 using capacitors charged and discharged alternately by semiconductor devices with control electrode , e.g. charge pumps
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/073 Charge pumps of the Schenkel-type
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/077 with parallel connected charge pump stages
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/1584 with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel
• CPC Class Codes: H03K 5/24 the characteristic being amplitude

Abstract

A power converter for providing an output voltage is presented. The power converter includes an inductor, a charge pump circuit and a controller. The charge pump circuit has a plurality of charge pumps; each charge pump being selectively coupled to the inductor via a coupling switch. Each charge pump is operable in at least three modes. Each mode is associated with a different conversion ratio. The controller is adapted to provide a first set of control signals to control the coupling switches; and a second set of control signals to operate the charge pump circuit. The second set of control signals is configured to operate a charge pump coupled to the inductor with a sequence of modes.

Claims

1. A power converter for providing an output voltage, the power converter comprising

an inductor;

a charge pump circuit comprising a plurality of charge pumps, each charge pump being selectively coupled to the inductor via a coupling switch, and wherein each charge pump is operable in at least three modes, each mode being associated with a different conversion ratio; and

a controller adapted to provide a first set of control signals to control the coupling switches, wherein the first set of control signals is configured to couple each charge pump to the inductor sequentially over a period of the control signals, and a second set of control signals to operate the charge pump circuit, wherein the second set of control signals is configured to operate a charge pump coupled to the inductor with a sequence of modes.

2. The power converter as claimed in claim 1, wherein the controller is adapted to compare the output voltage with a target value to define the sequence of modes.

3. The power converter as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first set of control signals comprises a plurality of logic signals;

each logic signal having a first logic state for coupling the charge pump to the inductor and a second logic state for disconnecting the charge pump from the inductor;

wherein the first logic state lasts for a time duration.

4. The power converter as claimed in claim 3 wherein each logic signal in the plurality of logic signals is delayed by a delay value.

5. The power converter as claimed in claim 3, wherein the second set of control signals is adapted to operate the charge pump coupled to the inductor with the sequence of modes during the time duration.

6. The power converter as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second set of control signals is adapted to operate one or more charge pumps in a specific mode when the one or more charge pumps are not coupled to the inductor.

7. The power converter as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second set of control signals is configured to operate each charge pump, when coupled to the inductor, with the same sequence of modes.

8. The power converter as claimed in claim 3, wherein the logic signals in the first set of control signal have the same duty cycle and are shifted with respect to each other, such that a first logic state of a first logic signal overlaps partially with a first logic state of a second logic signal.

9. The power converter as claimed in claim 2, wherein the controller is adapted to generate an error signal by comparing the output voltage with the target value, to compare the error signal with a first reference signal and a second reference signal respectively;

and to generate the second set of control signals based on the comparison.

10. The power converter as claimed in claim 9, wherein each of the first reference signal and the second reference signals has a triangular shape.

11. The power converter as claimed in claim 9, comprising

an error amplifier for generating the error signal;

a ramp generator configured to generate the first reference signal and the second reference signal;

a first comparator adapted to compare the error signal with the first reference signal and to generate a first comparison signal;

a second comparator adapted to compare the error signal with the second reference signal and to generate a second comparison signal;

a decoder system coupled to the first and second comparators, the decoder system being configured to generate the second set of control signals based on the first comparison signal and the second comparison signal.

12. The power converter as claimed in claim 1, wherein each mode in the sequence of modes lasts for a corresponding mode duration.

13. The power converter as claimed in claim 12, wherein the controller is a digital controller comprising a duration generator for calculating the mode durations associated with each mode in the sequence of modes.

14. The power converter as claimed in claim 1, wherein the charge pump circuit comprises a plurality of direct charge pumps or Dickson charge pumps.

15. The power converter as claimed in claim 1, wherein the charge pump circuit comprises at least three charge pumps coupled in parallel.

16. A method of providing an output voltage, the method comprising

providing an inductor;

providing a charge pump circuit comprising a plurality of charge pumps, each charge pump being selectively coupled to the inductor via a coupling switch, and wherein each charge pump is operable in at least three modes each mode being associated with a different conversion ratio;

providing a first set of control signals to control the coupling switches, wherein the first set of control signals is configured to couple each charge pump to the inductor sequentially over a period of the control signals; and

providing a second set of control signals to operate the charge pump circuit, wherein the second set of control signals operates a charge pump coupled to the inductor with a sequence of modes.

17. The method as claimed in claim 16 comprising the step of comparing the output voltage with a target value to define the sequence of modes.

18. The method as claimed in claim 16, wherein the sequence of modes is defined by a plurality of mode values to be applied at a certain time and for a certain duration.

19. The method as claimed in claim 16, wherein the second set of control signals operates each charge pump, when coupled to the inductor, with a same sequence of modes.