High charge rate, large capacity, solid-state battery

• US 10,629,957 B2
• Filed: 11/20/2017
• Issued: 04/21/2020
• Est. Priority Date: 04/06/2017
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: de Souza, Joel P., Lee, Yun Seog, Li, Ning, Sadana, Devendra K.
• Primary Examiner(s): Harris, Gary D
• Application Number:
  US15/818,405
• Publication Number:
  US 20180294530A1
• Time in Patent Office: 883 Days
• Field of Search: 429 61
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0436 Small-sized flat cells or batteries for portable equipment
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0463 Cells or batteries with horizontal or inclined electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0472 Vertically superposed cells with vertically disposed plates
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/052 Li-accumulators
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0525 Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0562 Solid materials
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0585 of accumulators having only flat construction elements, i.e. flat positive electrodes, flat negative electrodes and flat separators
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2200/103 Fuse
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2220/30 Batteries in portable systems, e.g. mobile phone, laptop
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/131 Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/507 comprising an arrangement of two or more busbars within a container structure, e.g. busbar modules
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/54 Connection of several leads or tabs of plate-like electrode stacks, e.g. electrode pole straps or bridges
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/583 in response to current, e.g. fuses
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 6/40 Printed batteries , e.g. thin film batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 70/50 Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Abstract

Solid-state battery structures, particularly solid-state lithium-based battery structures, which are fast charging and have a high capacity are provided. Notably, fast charging, high capacity solid-state battery structures are provided that include a plurality of solid-state-thin-film batteries that are stacked one atop the other, or that include an array of interconnected solid-state thin-film batteries, or that contain a solid-state thin-film battery located on physically exposed surfaces of fin structures.

Claims

1. A solid-state battery structure comprising:

a material stack consisting of a plurality of alternating semiconductor material layers and dielectric material layers stacked one atop the other, wherein each semiconductor material layer has one of dielectric material layers located directly thereon and each dielectric material layer includes a solid-state thin-film battery located entirely therein, each solid-state thin-film battery comprises at least a bottom electrode, a cathode, a solid-state electrolyte, and a top electrode, and each dielectric material layer has a topmost surface that is coplanar with a topmost surface of the top electrode that is present in the dielectric material layer;

a first via-filled contact structure entirely passing through each bottom electrode and interconnecting each bottom electrode together; and

a second via-filled contact structure entirely passing through each top electrode and interconnecting each top electrode together, wherein the first via-filled contact structure has a topmost surface that is coplanar with a topmost surface of the second via-filled contact structure and a bottommost surface that directly contacts a topmost surface of the bottommost semiconductor material layer of the material stack, and wherein the topmost surface of the second via-filled contact structure is coplanar with the topmost surface of the top electrode that is present in the topmost dielectric material layer of the material stack.

2. The solid-state battery structure of claim 1, further comprising an anode region located between the solid-state electrolyte and the top electrode.

3. The solid-state film battery structure of claim 2 wherein the cathode comprises a lithium-based mixed oxide.

4. The solid-state battery structure of claim 2, wherein the anode region is composed of a plurality of lithium regions.

5. The solid-state battery structure of claim 2, wherein the anode region comprises a lithium ion generator or lithium intercalation active material.

6. The solid-state battery structure of claim 1, wherein the solid-state electrolyte is composed of a material that enables the conduction of lithium ions.

7. The solid-state battery structure of claim 6, wherein the material of the solid-state electrolyte is lithium phosphorus oxynitride (LiPON) or lithium phosphosilicate oxynitride (LiSiPON).

8. The solid-state battery structure of claim 1, wherein each dielectric material layer is composed of at least one material that is air impermeable, moisture impermeable or air and moisture impermeable.

9. The solid-state battery of claim 2, further comprising a lithium nucleation enhancement liner located between the solid-state electrolyte layer and the anode region.

10. The solid-state battery of claim 9, wherein the lithium nucleation enhancement liner is composed of gold (Au), silver (Ag), zinc (Zn), magnesium (Mg), tantalum (Ta), tungsten (W), molybdenum (Mo), a titanium-zirconium-molybdenum alloy (TZM), or silicon (Si).

11. The solid-state battery of claim 1, wherein the second via-filled contact structure has a bottommost surface that is vertically offset from the bottommost surface of the first via-filled contact structure and is coplanar with a bottommost surface of a bottommost top electrode.