Implantable medical device with recharge coil

• US 10,639,486 B2
• Filed: 11/14/2017
• Issued: 05/05/2020
• Est. Priority Date: 11/21/2016
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Cardiac Pacemakers Incorporated (Boston Scientific Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Cardiac Pacemakers Incorporated (Boston Scientific Corporation)
• Inventors: Linder, William J., Kane, Michael J., Stahmann, Jeffrey E., Ludwig, Jacob M., Koop, Brendan Early, Landherr, Daniel Joseph, Carpenter, Greg Paul, Maile, Keith R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Porter, Allen
• Application Number:
  US15/812,701
• Publication Number:
  US 20180140850A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/365 controlled by a physiological parameter, e.g. heart potential evoked response A61N1/371
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/37223 Circuits for electromagnetic coupling
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/37229 Shape or location of the implanted or external antenna
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/37512 Pacemakers
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3756 Casings with electrodes thereon, e.g. leadless stimulators
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3787 from an external energy source
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/23 The load being a medical device, a medical implant, or a life supporting device
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/12 of the resonant type
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/80 involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/90 involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment

Abstract

Implantable medical device (IMD) such as leadless cardiac pacemakers may include a rechargeable power source. In some cases, the IMD may include a plurality of receiving coils that may capture a non-radiative near-field energy and then convert the near-field energy into electrical energy that may be used to recharge the rechargeable power source. Accordingly, since the rechargeable power source does not have to maintain sufficient energy stores in a single charge for the entire expected life of the IMD, the power source itself and thus the IMD, may be made smaller while still meeting device longevity expectations.

Claims

1. An implantable medical device (IMD) configured to be implanted within a patient, the IMD comprising:

a housing configured for trans-catheter deployment, the housing having a housing exterior;

a plurality of electrodes exposed external to the housing;

therapeutic circuitry disposed within the housing, the therapeutic circuitry operatively coupled to the plurality of electrodes and configured to sense one or more signals via one or more of the plurality of electrodes and/or to stimulate tissue via one or more of the plurality of electrodes;

a rechargeable power source disposed within the housing and configured to power the therapeutic circuitry;

a plurality of receiving coils configured to receive non-radiative near-field energy through the patient'"'"'s body, wherein each of the plurality of receiving coils has a primary capture axis along which a maximum amount of non-radiative near-field energy is captured, and wherein at least one of the plurality of receiving coils has a primary capture axis that is non-parallel with the primary capture axis of another one of the plurality of receiving coils, and wherein each of the plurality of receiving coils have an attached end that is secured to the housing exterior and an unattached end that is able to pivot away from and/or towards the housing exterior; and

charging circuitry operatively coupled with the plurality of receiving coils and the rechargeable power source, the charging circuitry configured to use the non-radiative near-field energy received via the plurality of receiving coils to charge the rechargeable power source.

2. The IMD of claim 1, wherein at least two of the plurality of receiving coils are operatively coupled in a power summation configuration.

3. The IMD of claim 1, wherein at least one of the plurality of receiving coils is disposed outside the housing.

4. The IMD of claim 1, wherein the charging circuitry is further configured to:

select one of the plurality of receiving coils and to receive non-radiative near-field energy using the selected receiving coil;

monitor the non-radiative near-field energy received via the selected receiving coil and detect a predetermined condition; and

in response to detecting the predetermined condition, select a different one of the plurality of receiving coils and receive non-radiative near-field energy using the different one of the plurality of receiving coils.

5. The IMD of claim 1, wherein at least one of the plurality of receiving coils are non-planar and form a three-dimensional surface.

6. The IMD of claim 1, wherein the plurality of receiving coils are further configured to establish an inductive communication link with an external device.

7. The IMD of claim 1, wherein the IMD is a leadless cardiac pacemaker (LCP).

8. The IMD of claim 1, wherein the IMD has a proximal end and a distal end, and wherein the attached end of each of the plurality of receiving coils comprises a distal end of each of the plurality of receiving coils and the unattached end of each of the plurality of receiving coils comprises a proximal end of each of the plurality of receiving coils.

9. The IMD of claim 1, wherein the IMD has a proximal end and a distal end, and wherein the attached end of each of the plurality of receiving coils comprises a proximal end of each of the plurality of receiving coils and the unattached end of each of the plurality of receiving coils comprises a distal end of each of the plurality of receiving coils.

10. An implantable medical device (IMD) configured to be implanted within a patient'"'"'s body, the IMD comprising:

one or more sensors;

circuitry operatively coupled to the one or more sensors;

a rechargeable power source for powering the circuitry;

a plurality of receiving coils configured to receive non-radiative near-field energy through the patient'"'"'s body, the plurality of receiving coils operatively coupled in a power summing configuration, wherein each of the plurality of receiving coils has a primary capture axis along which a maximum amount of non-radiative near-field energy is captured, and wherein at least one of the plurality of receiving coils has a primary capture axis that is non-parallel with the primary capture axis of another one of the plurality of receiving coils, and wherein each of the plurality of receiving coils have an attached end that is secured to the housing and an opposing unattached end; and

charging circuitry operatively coupled with the plurality of receiving coils and the rechargeable power source, the charging circuitry configured to use the non-radiative near-field energy received via the plurality of receiving coils to charge the rechargeable power source.

11. The IMD of claim 10, wherein the IMD has a proximal end and a distal end, and wherein the attached end of each of the plurality of receiving coils comprises a distal end of each of the plurality of receiving coils and the unattached end of each of the plurality of receiving coils comprises a proximal end of each of the plurality of receiving coils.

12. The IMD of claim 10, wherein the IMD has a proximal end and a distal end, and wherein the attached end of each of the plurality of receiving coils comprises a proximal end of each of the plurality of receiving coils and the unattached end of each of the plurality of receiving coils comprises a distal end of each of the plurality of receiving coils.

13. An implantable medical device (IMD) configured to be implanted within a patient'"'"'s body, the IMD comprising:

a housing configured for trans-catheter deployment;

a plurality of electrodes exposed external to the housing;

therapeutic circuitry disposed within the housing, the therapeutic circuitry operatively coupled to the plurality of electrodes and configured to sense one or more signals via one or more of the plurality of electrodes and/or to stimulate tissue via one or more of the plurality of electrodes;

a rechargeable power source disposed within the housing and configured to power the therapeutic circuitry;

a plurality of receiving coils disposed outside the housing, each operatively coupled to the rechargeable power source and each having an attached end secured to the housing and an unattached end, and wherein the plurality of receiving coils are configured to;

receive non-radiative near-field energy through the patient'"'"'s body, and

move from a pre-deployment compressed state in which the attached end and the unattached end of each of the plurality of receiving coils are proximate the housing to an expanded post-deployment state in which the attached end of each of the plurality of receiving coils remains proximate the housing but the unattached end of each of the plurality of receiving coils are moved away from the housing, wherein in the post-deployment state of each of the plurality of receiving coils has a primary capture axis along which a maximum amount of non-radiative near-field energy is captured, and wherein at least one of the plurality of receiving coils has a primary capture axis that is non-parallel with the primary capture axis of another one of the plurality of receiving coils; and

charging circuitry operatively coupled with the plurality of receiving coils and the rechargeable power source, the charging circuitry configured to use the non-radiative near-field energy received via the plurality of receiving coils to charge the rechargeable power source.

14. The IMD of claim 13, wherein at least two of the plurality of receiving coils are operatively coupled in a power summation configuration.

15. The IMD of claim 13, wherein the IMD is a leadless cardiac pacemaker (LCP).

16. The IMD of claim 13, wherein the IMD has a proximal end and a distal end, and wherein the attached end of each of the plurality of receiving coils comprises a distal end of each of the plurality of receiving coils and the unattached end of each of the plurality of receiving coils comprises a proximal end of each of the plurality of receiving coils.

17. The IMD of claim 13, wherein the IMD has a proximal end and a distal end, and wherein the attached end of each of the plurality of receiving coils comprises a proximal end of each of the plurality of receiving coils and the unattached end of each of the plurality of receiving coils comprises a distal end of each of the plurality of receiving coils.