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Developing member having outer surface with independent electrically insulating domains, electrophotographic process cartridge, and electrophotographic image forming apparatus

  • US 10,642,186 B2
  • Filed: 02/20/2019
  • Issued: 05/05/2020
  • Est. Priority Date: 02/26/2018
  • Status: Active Grant
First Claim
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1. An electrophotographic developing member, comprising:

  • a substrate;

    an electroconductive layer on the substrate; and

    electrically insulating domains on an outer surface of the electroconductive layer, the domains being independent from each other, whereinthe developing member has an outer surface including a surface of the electroconductive layer that is not coated with the domains, and surfaces of the domains, andwhen observing the outer surface of the developing member with a microscope, at least one of the domains satisfies 0.05≤

    S/H≤

    0.80 where S is the respective areas of the observed domains and H is the respective areas of convex envelopes of the observed domains.

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