High charge rate, large capacity, solid-state battery

• US 10,644,356 B2
• Filed: 11/20/2017
• Issued: 05/05/2020
• Est. Priority Date: 04/06/2017
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: de Souza, Joel P., Lee, Yun Seog, Li, Ning, Sadana, Devendra K.
• Primary Examiner(s): Harris, Gary D
• Application Number:
  US15/818,385
• Publication Number:
  US 20180294529A1
• Time in Patent Office: 897 Days
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0436 Small-sized flat cells or batteries for portable equipment
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0463 Cells or batteries with horizontal or inclined electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0472 Vertically superposed cells with vertically disposed plates
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/052 Li-accumulators
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0525 Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0562 Solid materials
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0585 of accumulators having only flat construction elements, i.e. flat positive electrodes, flat negative electrodes and flat separators
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2200/103 Fuse
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2220/30 Batteries in portable systems, e.g. mobile phone, laptop
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/131 Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/507 comprising an arrangement of two or more busbars within a container structure, e.g. busbar modules
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/54 Connection of several leads or tabs of plate-like electrode stacks, e.g. electrode pole straps or bridges
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/583 in response to current, e.g. fuses
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 6/40 Printed batteries , e.g. thin film batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 70/50 Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Abstract

Solid-state battery structures, particularly solid-state lithium-based battery structures, which are fast charging and have a high capacity are provided. Notably, fast charging, high capacity solid-state battery structures are provided that include a plurality of solid-state-thin-film batteries that are stacked one atop the other, or that include an array of interconnected solid-state thin-film batteries, or that contain a solid-state thin-film battery located on physically exposed surfaces of fin structures.

Claims

1. A solid-state battery structure comprising:

a plurality of fin structures extending upward from a base substrate, wherein each fin structure of the plurality of fin structures and the base substrate are of unitary construction and comprise a same semiconductor material; and

a solid-state thin-film battery structure located on physically exposed surfaces of the plurality of fin structures and on the base substrate, wherein the solid-state thin-film battery structure comprises a bottom electrode, a battery cell material stack, and a top electrode, wherein an end segment of each of the bottom electrode, the battery cell material stack and the top electrode which is adjacent to an outermost fin structure of the plurality of fin structures is in direct physical contact with a topmost surface of the base substrate, the battery material stack that is located between neighboring fin structures of the plurality of fin structures has a bottommost surface that directly contacts a horizontal surface of the bottom electrode that is located between the neighboring fin structures of the plurality of fin structures, and wherein an outermost sidewall of the top electrode that is located adjacent to the outermost fin structure of the plurality of fin structures is physically exposed.

2. The solid-state battery structure of claim 1, wherein the solid-state thin-film battery structure further comprising an anode region located between the solid-state electrolyte and the top electrode.

3. The solid-state battery structure of claim 2, wherein the solid-state thin-film battery structure is a lithium-based battery.

4. The solid-state battery structure of claim 3, wherein the cathode is composed of a lithium-based mixed oxide.

5. The solid-state battery structure of claim 3, wherein the solid-state electrolyte is composed of a material that enables the conduction of lithium ions.

6. The solid-state battery structure of claim 5, wherein the material of the solid-state electrolyte is lithium phosphorus oxynitride (LiPON) or lithium phosphosilicate oxynitride (LiSiPON).

7. The solid-state battery of claim 3, further comprising a lithium nucleation enhancement liner located between the solid-state electrolyte and the anode region.

8. The solid-state battery of claim 7, wherein the lithium nucleation enhancement liner is composed of gold (Au), silver (Ag), zinc (Zn), magnesium (Mg), tantalum (Ta), tungsten (W), molybdenum (Mo), a titanium-zirconium-molybdenum alloy (TZM), or silicon (Si).

9. The solid-state battery structure of claim 2, wherein the anode region is composed of a plurality of lithium regions.

10. The solid-state battery structure of claim 2, wherein the anode region comprises a lithium ion generator or lithium intercalation active material.

11. The solid-state battery structure of claim 1, wherein an entirety of each of the end segments is coplanar with a bottommost surface of each fin structure of the plurality of fin structures.

12. The solid-state battery structure of claim 1, wherein an entirety of each fin structure of the plurality of fin structures is located above the topmost surface of the base substrate.

13. A solid-state battery structure comprising:

a plurality of fin structures extending upward from a base substrate; and

a solid-state thin-film battery structure located on physically exposed surfaces of the plurality of fin structures and on the base substrate, wherein the solid-state thin-film battery structure comprises a bottom electrode, a battery cell material stack, and a top electrode, and wherein an end segment of each of the bottom electrode, the battery cell material stack and the top electrode which is adjacent to an outermost fin structure of the plurality of fin structures is in direct physical contact with a topmost surface of the base substrate and wherein the entirety of each of the end segments is coplanar with a bottommost surface of the at least one fin structure, and wherein the battery material stack that is located between neighboring fin structures of the plurality of fin structures has a bottommost surface that directly contacts a horizontal surface of the bottom electrode that is located between the neighboring fin structures of the plurality of fin structures.