Linearization circuits and methods for multilevel power amplifier systems

• US 10,658,981 B2
• Filed: 11/01/2018
• Issued: 05/19/2020
• Est. Priority Date: 10/30/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: ETA Devices, Inc. (Nokia Corporation)
• Original Assignee: ETA Devices, Inc. (Nokia Corporation)
• Inventors: Briffa, Mark A., Dawson, Joel L., DeRoo, John E., Komoni, Krenar, Perreault, David J., Uyar, Oguzhan
• Primary Examiner(s): Choe, Henry
• Application Number:
  US16/178,072
• Publication Number:
  US 20190074797A1
• Time in Patent Office: 565 Days
• Field of Search: 330136, 330297, 330296, 330285
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/025 by using a signal derived from the input signal
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/0277 Selecting one or more amplifiers from a plurality of amplifiers
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/3241 using predistortion circuits H03F1/3211, H03F1/3217 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/3247 using feedback acting on predistortion circuits H03F1/3264 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2200/207 A hybrid coupler being used as power measuring circuit at the output of an amplifier circuit
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2200/451 the amplifier being a radio frequency amplifier
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2200/511 Many discrete supply voltages or currents or voltage levels can be chosen by a control signal in an IC-block amplifier circuit
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2201/3233 Adaptive predistortion using lookup table, e.g. memory, RAM, ROM, LUT, to generate the predistortion
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/19 with semiconductor devices only
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/193 with field-effect devices H03F3/195 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/195 in integrated circuits
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/217 Class D power amplifiers; Switching amplifiers
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/2175 using analogue-digital or digital-analogue conversion H03F3/2173 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/245 with semiconductor devices only
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/602 Combinations of several amplifiers
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/68 Combinations of amplifiers, e.g. multi-channel amplifiers for stereophonics power amplifiers using a combination of several semiconductor amplifiers H03F3/211; combinations of amplifiers using coupling networks with distributed constants H03F3/602

Abstract

Circuits and methods for achieving high linearity, high efficiency power amplifiers, including digital predistortion (DPD) and pulse cancellation in switched-state RF power amplifier systems are described.

Claims

1. An amplifier system having one or more inputs and one or more RF outputs, the system comprising:

one or more RF amplifiers each having one or more RF inputs, one or more RF outputs, and a power supply input;

a voltage control unit coupled to provide a power supply voltage to the power supply input of at least one of the one or more RF amplifiers wherein said voltage control unit dynamically selects the power supply voltage from among a discrete set of voltages based in part upon one or more signal characteristics of one or more signals to be transmitted; and

a controller configured to generate (i) control signals for the voltage control unit and (ii) one or more predistorted signals for at least one of the RF amplifiers, wherein the one or more predistorted signals are generated based, at least in part, on selected power supply voltages.

2. The system of claim 1 wherein said RF amplifier is provided as an RF power amplifier.

3. The system of claim 1 wherein the control signals and predistorted signals are selected to improve a linearity of the system.

4. The system of claim 1, further comprising means for training said system such that said predistorted signals are indexed at least in part based upon a selected level or input of the power supply.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the one or more predistorted signals are generated based on data stored in a lookup table (LUT) indexed based, at least in part, upon a selected voltage of the power supply.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein a voltage applied to the power supply input of the at least one of said one or more RF amplifiers is selected from among a discrete set of levels.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein a voltage applied to the power supply input of the at least one of said one or more RF amplifiers is selected from among a discrete set of voltage levels for a first set of operating conditions, and from an input that provides continuous envelope tracking for other operating conditions not included in the first set.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein a time alignment between (i) a selection of the power supply voltage to each RF amplifier and (ii) providing the one or more predistorted signals to the one or more RF inputs of the one or more RF amplifiers is adjusted based upon the one or more RF outputs of the RF amplifier.

9. The system of claim 8, wherein the controller is configured to adjust the time alignment.

10. The system of claim 1 wherein the one or more signal characteristics of one or more signals to be transmitted comprises a window of digital data samples of at least one of the one or more signals to be amplified.

11. The system of claim 10, wherein the window of data samples is a moving window with respect to time.

12. The system of claim 1, further comprising:

a sensor coupled to at least one of the one or more RF outputs of the system, wherein the predistorted signal(s) are determined based, at least in part, on a sensed RF output.

13. The system of claim 12, wherein:

the controller is coupled to at least one digital-to-RF modulator to provide the predistorted signal(s) to at least one of the one or more RF inputs of the one or more RF amplifiers.

14. The system of claim 1, wherein disturbances in the RF output of the system owing to changes in a selection of the power supply input of at least one of said one or more RF amplifiers are compensated by an additive component in a baseband signal introduced via the one or more RF inputs of at least one of said one or more RF amplifiers.

15. The system of claim 1, wherein disturbances in the RF output of the system owing to changes in a selection of the power supply input of at least one of said one or more RF amplifiers are compensated by a multiplicative factor applied to digital data in a baseband signal for input to at least one of said one or more RF amplifiers.

16. A method of operating a multiple-input multiple output (MIMO) radio frequency (RF) amplifier system in an RF transmitter, the method comprising:

generating a discrete set of power supply voltages by a power supply of the system;

dynamically providing, by a voltage control unit of the system, generated power supply voltages to each of one or more RF amplifiers of the system, based, at least in part, upon a window of data samples of one or more input signals to be amplified by the RF amplifier system;

generating, by a controller of the system, one or more predistorted signals, wherein the one or more predistorted signals are based, at least in part, on a provided power supply voltage to each RF amplifier;

modulating, by a digital-to-RF modulator of the system, the one or more predistorted signals to be provided to an RF input of at least one of the RF amplifiers;

generating one or more amplified RF signals based, at least in part, on the one or more predistorted signals; and

transmitting the one or more RF signals.

17. The method of claim 16, comprising:

generating the window of data samples by selecting a window of N samples of at least one of the one or more signals to be amplified, where N is a positive integer;

determining, by the voltage control unit, whether to select another set of power supply voltages by;

determining whether the N samples can use a lower set of power supply voltages than a currently selected set of power supply voltages to meet desired transmit signal characteristics and, if so, selecting a lowest set of power supply voltages that meets the desired transmit signal characteristics;

determining whether the N samples require a higher set of power supply voltages than a currently selected set of power supply voltages to meet desired transmit signal characteristics and, if so, selecting a lowest set of power supply voltages that meets the desired transmit signal characteristics;

otherwise, maintaining the currently selected set of power supply voltages.

18. The method of claim 16, wherein the window of data samples comprises a plurality of digital data samples, the digital data samples taken of the signal to be amplified over a predetermined time interval.

19. A power amplifier system having one or more data inputs and one or more RF outputs, comprising:

one or more power amplifiers that are switched among a discrete set of operating states based at least in part upon data provided to the one or more data inputs of the power amplifier system; and

a state-based digital pre-distortion (SB-DPD) system, coupled to at least one of the one or more power amplifiers, said SB-DPD system for improving linearity of the power amplifier system by predistortion of signals provided to one or more of said one or more power amplifiers, said predistortion depending at least in part upon an operating state of said one or more power amplifiers.