High spectral efficiency data communications system using encoded sinusoidal waveforms

• US 10,659,269 B2
• Filed: 01/31/2019
• Issued: 05/19/2020
• Est. Priority Date: 10/27/2017
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Terawave, LLC
• Original Assignee: Terawave, LLC
• Inventors: Schultze, Torsten
• Primary Examiner(s): Payne, David C
• Assistant Examiner(s): Hassan, Sarah
• Application Number:
  US16/264,491
• Publication Number:
  US 20190173705A1
• Time in Patent Office: 474 Days
• Field of Search: 375298, 324202
• CPC Class Codes: H03K 4/92 having a waveform comprising a portion of a sinusoid generating sinusoidal oscillations H03B
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/7176 Data mapping, e.g. modulation
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 14/06 using differential modulation, e.g. delta modulation
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/0045 Arrangements at the receiver end
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/03834 using pulse shaping
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/069 by detecting edges or zero crossings
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/4921 using quadrature encoding, e.g. carrierless amplitude-phase coding
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/04 Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/2017 in which the phase changes are non-linear, e.g. generalized and Gaussian minimum shift keying, tamed frequency modulation H04L27/201 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/2614 Peak power aspects
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/2618 Reduction thereof using auxiliary subcarriers
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/2623 Reduction thereof by clipping
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/2627 Modulators
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/3411 reducing the peak to average power ratio or the mean power of the constellation; Arrangements for increasing the shape gain of a signal set
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/345 Modifications of the signal space to allow the transmission of additional information
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/3494 using non - square modulating pulses, e.g. using raised cosine pulses; Partial response QAM, i.e. with partial response pulse shaping QAM over partial response channels H04L25/497
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/36 Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/366 Arrangements for compensating undesirable properties of the transmission path between the modulator and the demodulator
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/389 with separate demodulation for the phase and amplitude components
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 5/0048 Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver

Abstract

A system and method for waveform modulation includes encoding input digital data at selected phase angles of an unmodulated sinusoidal waveform. The encoding includes selectively reducing a power of the unmodulated sinusoidal waveform at the selected phase angles in accordance with bit values of the input digital data so as to respectively define first, second, third and fourth data notches in the modulated sinusoidal waveform. An encoded analog waveform is then generated from a digital representation of the modulated sinusoidal waveform. The encoding is performed so that energies associated with the first and third data notches are balanced and energies associated with second and fourth data notches are also balanced. Each of the energies corresponds to a cumulative power difference between a power of the unmodulated sinusoidal waveform and a power of the modulated sinusoidal waveform over a phase angle range subtended by one of the data notches.

Claims

1. A method, comprising:

receiving input data;

encoding the input data at selected phase angles of an unmodulated sinusoidal waveform to create a modulated sinusoidal waveform, the encoding including selectively reducing a power of the unmodulated sinusoidal waveform at ones of the selected phase angles in accordance with bit values of the input data so as to respectively define amplitude perturbations in the modulated sinusoidal waveform; and

generating an encoded analog waveform based upon the modulated sinusoidal waveform;

wherein a first energy associated with a first amplitude perturbation of the amplitude perturbations is substantially equal to a third energy associated with a third amplitude perturbation of the amplitude perturbations;

wherein a second energy associated with a second amplitude perturbation of the amplitude perturbations is substantially equal to a fourth energy associated with a fourth amplitude perturbation of the amplitude perturbations;

wherein the first, second, third and fourth amplitude perturbations respectively correspond to first, second, third and fourth data notches respectively occurring at first, second, third and fourth of the selected phase angles wherein the first, second, third and fourth of the selected phase angles are denoted as Θ

₁, Θ

₂, Θ

₃, Θ

₄.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the phase angle Θ

₁ is between 44.5° and

45.5°

, the phase angle Θ

₂ is equal to 134.5°

to 135.5°

, the phase angle Θ

₃ is equal to 224.5°

to 225.5°

, and the phase angle Θ

₄ is equal to 314.5°

to 315.5°

.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein the first data notch is representative of a first bit value of the bit values and the second data notch is representative of a second bit value of the bit values and wherein the phase angle Θ

₃ is equal to the sum of the phase angle Θ

₁ and 180° and

the phase angle Θ

₄ is equal to the sum of the phase angle Θ

₂ and 180°

.

4. The method of claim 3 wherein a minimum power of the first data notch is a first percentage of the power of the unmodulated sinusoidal waveform at the phase angle Θ

₁ and a minimum power of the second data notch is a second percentage of the power of the unmodulated sinusoidal waveform at the phase angle Θ

₂, the first percentage being different from the second percentage.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein the first data notch is representative of a first plurality of the bit values, the first data notch including a first plurality of transition features respectively representative of the first plurality of the bit values.

6. The method of claim 5 wherein the third data notch is representative of a second plurality of the bit values, the third data notch including a second plurality of transition features respectively representative of the second plurality of the bit values.

7. The method of claim 6 wherein the second plurality of the bit values is different from the first plurality of the bit values.

8. The method of claim 6 wherein the first data notch includes generally opposing first and second side portions, the first side portion being substantially linear and the second side portion defining the first plurality of transition features.

9. The method of claim 8 wherein the third data notch includes generally opposing third and fourth side portions, the fourth side portion being substantially linear and the third side portion defining the first plurality of transition features.

10. The method of claim 9 wherein the modulated sinusoidal waveform defines the first side portion in the time domain earlier than the modulated sinusoidal waveform defines the second side portion and wherein the modulated sinusoidal waveform defines the third side portion in the time domain earlier than the modulated sinusoidal waveform defines the fourth side portion.

11. The method of claim 5 wherein the first data notch includes generally opposing first and second side portions, the first side portion defining a first set of the first plurality of transition features and the second side portion defining a second set of the first plurality of transition features.

15. The method of claim 1 wherein an amplitude of the modulated sinusoidal waveform defines a first notch entry transition immediately preceding the first data notch, the first notch entry defining a step change in the amplitude of the modulated sinusoidal waveform.

16. The method of claim 11 wherein the first set of the first plurality of transition features includes a first number of transition features and the second set of the first plurality of transition features includes the first number of transition features.

17. The method of claim 11 wherein the first set of the first plurality of transition features includes a first number of transition features and the second set of the first plurality of transition features includes a second number of transition features different from the first number of transition features.

21. The method of claim 1 wherein the selectively reducing includes reducing the power of the unmodulated sinusoidal waveform in accordance with the bit values of the input data only at the phase angles Θ

₁ and Θ

₃.

22. The method of claim 21 further including reducing the power of the unmodulated sinusoidal waveform at the phase angles Θ

₂ and Θ

₄ independent of the input data.

23. The method of claim 1 wherein the selectively reducing includes:

reducing the power of the unmodulated sinusoidal waveform in accordance with the bit values of the input data only at the phase angles Θ

₁ and Θ

₃ during a first period of the unmodulated sinusoidal waveform;

reducing the power of the unmodulated sinusoidal waveform in accordance with the bit values of the input data only at the phase angles Θ

₂ and Θ

₄ during a second period of the unmodulated sinusoidal waveform.

12. A method, comprising:

receiving input data;

encoding the input data at selected phase angles of an unmodulated sinusoidal waveform to create a modulated sinusoidal waveform, the encoding including selectively reducing a power of the unmodulated sinusoidal waveform at ones of the selected phase angles in accordance with bit values of the input data so as to respectively define amplitude perturbations in the modulated sinusoidal waveform; and

generating an encoded analog waveform based upon the modulated sinusoidal waveform;

wherein a first energy associated with a first amplitude perturbation of the amplitude perturbations is substantially equal to a third energy associated with a third amplitude perturbation of the amplitude perturbations;

wherein a second energy associated with a second amplitude perturbation of the amplitude perturbations is substantially equal to a fourth energy associated with a fourth amplitude perturbation of the amplitude perturbations;

wherein the input data includes 1 bit values and 0 bit values, the method further including scrambling the input data to prevent more than a predefined number of 0 bit values from occurring in sequence and more than a predefined number of 1 bit values from occurring in sequence.

13. A method, comprising:

receiving input data;

encoding the input data at selected phase angles of an unmodulated sinusoidal waveform to create a modulated sinusoidal waveform, the encoding including selectively reducing a power of the unmodulated sinusoidal waveform at ones of the selected phase angles in accordance with bit values of the input data so as to respectively define amplitude perturbations in the modulated sinusoidal waveform; and

generating an encoded analog waveform based upon the modulated sinusoidal waveform;

wherein a first energy associated with a first amplitude perturbation of the amplitude perturbations is substantially equal to a third energy associated with a third amplitude perturbation of the amplitude perturbations;

wherein a second energy associated with a second amplitude perturbation of the amplitude perturbations is substantially equal to a fourth energy associated with a fourth amplitude perturbation of the amplitude perturbations;

wherein;

the first energy corresponds to a first cumulative power difference between a power of the modulated sinusoidal waveform and a power of the unmodulated sinusoidal waveform over a first phase angle range subtended by the first amplitude perturbation;

the second energy corresponds to a second cumulative power difference between a power of the modulated sinusoidal waveform and a power of the unmodulated sinusoidal waveform over a second phase angle range subtended by the second amplitude perturbation;

the third energy corresponds to a third cumulative power difference between a power of the modulated sinusoidal waveform and a power of the unmodulated sinusoidal waveform over a third phase angle range subtended by the third amplitude perturbation;

the fourth energy corresponds to a fourth cumulative power difference between a power of the modulated sinusoidal waveform and a power of the unmodulated sinusoidal waveform over a fourth phase angle range subtended by the fourth amplitude perturbation; and

the first phase angle range, the second phase angle range, the third phase angle range and the fourth phase angle range are each less than or equal to 1°

.

14. The method of claim 13 wherein:

the first energy corresponds to a first cumulative power difference between a power of the modulated sinusoidal waveform and a power of the unmodulated sinusoidal waveform over a first phase angle range subtended by the first amplitude perturbation;

the second energy corresponds to a second cumulative power difference between a power of the modulated sinusoidal waveform and a power of the unmodulated sinusoidal waveform over a second phase angle range subtended by the second amplitude perturbation;

the third energy corresponds to a third cumulative power difference between a power of the modulated sinusoidal waveform and a power of the unmodulated sinusoidal waveform over a third phase angle range subtended by the third amplitude perturbation;

the fourth energy corresponds to a fourth cumulative power difference between a power of the modulated sinusoidal waveform and a power of the unmodulated sinusoidal waveform over a fourth phase angle range subtended by the fourth amplitude perturbation; and

one or more of the first phase angle range, the second phase angle range, the third phase angle range and the fourth phase angle range are less than or equal to 0.5°

.

19. The method of claim 13 wherein the unmodulated sinusoidal waveform is of a first frequency, the method further including:

receiving additional input data;

encoding the additional input data at ones of the selected phase angles of an additional unmodulated sinusoidal waveform of a second frequency to create an additional modulated sinusoidal waveform, the encoding including selectively reducing a power of the additional unmodulated sinusoidal waveform at ones of the selected phase angles in accordance with bit values of the additional input data so as to respectively define additional first, second, third and fourth amplitude perturbations in the additional modulated sinusoidal waveform; and

generating an additional encoded analog waveform based upon the additional modulated sinusoidal waveform;

wherein an additional first cumulative power difference between a power of the additional modulated sinusoidal waveform and a power of the additional unmodulated sinusoidal waveform over an additional first phase angle range subtended by the additional first data notch is substantially equal to an additional third cumulative power difference between the power of the additional modulated sinusoidal waveform and the power of the additional unmodulated sinusoidal waveform over an additional third phase angle range subtended by the additional third data notch;

wherein an additional second cumulative power difference between the power of the additional modulated sinusoidal waveform and the power of the additional unmodulated sinusoidal waveform over an additional second phase angle range subtended by the additional second data notch is substantially equal to an additional fourth cumulative power difference between the power of the additional modulated sinusoidal waveform and the power of the additional unmodulated sinusoidal waveform over an additional fourth phase angle range subtended by the additional fourth data notch.

20. The method of claim 19 wherein a frequency difference between the first frequency and the second frequency is less than 15 Hz.

18. A method, comprising:

receiving input data;

encoding the input data at selected phase angles of an unmodulated sinusoidal waveform to create a modulated sinusoidal waveform, the encoding including selectively reducing a power of the unmodulated sinusoidal waveform at ones of the selected phase angles in accordance with bit values of the input data so as to respectively define amplitude perturbations in the modulated sinusoidal waveform; and

generating an encoded analog waveform based upon the modulated sinusoidal waveform;

wherein a first energy associated with a first amplitude perturbation of the amplitude perturbations is substantially equal to a third energy associated with a third amplitude perturbation of the amplitude perturbations;

wherein a second energy associated with a second amplitude perturbation of the amplitude perturbations is substantially equal to a fourth energy associated with a fourth amplitude perturbation of the amplitude perturbations;

wherein the encoding includes reducing the power of the unmodulated sinusoidal waveform by first percentage to encode a first digital value of the input data and reducing the power of the unmodulated sinusoidal waveform by a second percentage to encode a second digital value of the input data wherein the second digital value is different from the first digital value and wherein the first percentage is different from the second percentage.

24. A method, comprising:

receiving input data;

creating a modulated sinusoidal waveform having amplitude perturbations of reduced power at selected phase angles of the modulated sinusoidal waveform wherein the amplitude perturbations represent values of the input data; and

generating an encoded analog waveform based upon the modulated sinusoidal waveform;

wherein a first energy associated with a first of the amplitude perturbations is substantially equal to a second energy associated with a second of the amplitude perturbations and wherein the first of the amplitude perturbations is defined at a first of the selected phase angles and the second of the amplitude perturbations is defined at a second of the selected phase angles, the first of the selected phase angles and the second of the selected phase angles being separated by approximately 180 degrees;

wherein a third energy associated with a third of the amplitude perturbations is substantially equal to a fourth energy associated with a fourth of the amplitude perturbations;

wherein the first of the amplitude perturbations is defined over a first phase angle range including 45°

, the second of the amplitude perturbations is defined over a second phase angle range including 225°

, the third of the amplitude perturbations is defined over a third phase angle range including 135°

, and the fourth of the amplitude perturbations is defined over a fourth phase angle range including 315°

.

25. The method of claim 24 wherein the first phase angle range is between 44.5°

and 45.5°

, the second phase angle range is between 224.5° and

225.5°

, the third phase angle range is between 134.5°

to 135.5°

, and the fourth phase angle range is between 314.5° and

315.5°

.