Sorbents for the oxidation and removal of mercury
DCFirst Claim
1. A method of separating mercury from a mercury-containing gas, the method comprising:
- combusting coal in a combustion chamber, to provide the mercury-containing gas, whereinthe coal comprises an additive comprising Br2, HBr, a bromide compound, or a combination thereof, wherein the additive is added to the coal before the coal enters the combustion chamber, orthe combustion chamber comprises an additive comprising Br2, HBr, a bromide compound, or a combination thereof ora combination thereof;
injecting a sorbent comprising activated carbon into the mercury-containing gas downstream of the combustion chamber;
contacting mercury in the mercury-containing gas with the sorbent; and
separating the sorbent contacted with the mercury from the mercury-containing gas.
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Abstract
A promoted activated carbon sorbent is described that is highly effective for the removal of mercury from flue gas streams. The sorbent comprises a new modified carbon form containing reactive forms of halogen and halides. Optional components may be added to increase reactivity and mercury capacity. These may be added directly with the sorbent, or to the flue gas to enhance sorbent performance and/or mercury capture. Mercury removal efficiencies obtained exceed conventional methods. The sorbent can be regenerated and reused. Sorbent treatment and preparation methods are also described. New methods for in-flight preparation, introduction, and control of the active sorbent into the mercury contaminated gas stream are described.
199 Citations
29 Claims
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1. A method of separating mercury from a mercury-containing gas, the method comprising:
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combusting coal in a combustion chamber, to provide the mercury-containing gas, wherein the coal comprises an additive comprising Br2, HBr, a bromide compound, or a combination thereof, wherein the additive is added to the coal before the coal enters the combustion chamber, or the combustion chamber comprises an additive comprising Br2, HBr, a bromide compound, or a combination thereof or a combination thereof; injecting a sorbent comprising activated carbon into the mercury-containing gas downstream of the combustion chamber; contacting mercury in the mercury-containing gas with the sorbent; and separating the sorbent contacted with the mercury from the mercury-containing gas. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27)
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28. A method of separating mercury from a mercury-containing as, the method comprising:
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combusting coal in a combustion chamber, to provide the mercury-containing gas, wherein the mercury-containing gas comprises a halogen or halide promoter comprising HBr, Br−
, or a combination thereof, whereinthe coal comprises an additive comprising Br2, HBr, a bromide compound, or a combination thereof, wherein the additive is added to the coal before the coal enters the combustion chamber, or the combustion chamber comprises an additive comprising Br2, HBr, a bromide compound, or a combination thereof, or a combination thereof, injecting a sorbent comprising activated carbon into the mercury-containing gas downstream of the combustion chamber; contacting mercury in the mercury-containing gas with the sorbent; and separating the sorbent contacted with the mercury from the mercury-containing gas.
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29. A method of separating mercury from a mercury-containing gas, the method comprising:
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combusting coal in a combustion chamber, to provide the mercury-containing gas, wherein the mercury-containing gas comprises a halogen or halide promoter comprising HBr, Br−
, or a combination thereof, whereinthe coal comprises an additive comprising Br2, HBr, a bromide compound, or a combination thereof, wherein the additive is added to the coal before the coal enters the combustion chamber, or the combustion chamber comprises an additive comprising Br2, HBr, a bromide compound, or a combination thereof, or a combination thereof; injecting a sorbent comprising activated carbon into the mercury-containing gas downstream of the combustion chamber such that the activated carbon reacts with the halogen or halide promoter in the mercury-containing gas to form a promoted sorbent; contacting mercury in the mercury-containing gas with the promoted sorbent; separating the promoted sorbent contacted with the mercury from the mercury-containing gas; measuring the mercury content of the mercury-containing gas; and modifying, in response to the measured mercury content, an injection rate of injecting the sorbent into the mercury-containing gas, an amount of the Br2, HBr, the bromide compound, or a combination thereof, added to the coal or the combustion chamber, or a combination thereof.
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Specification