Transmission medium having a conductive material and methods for use therewith

• US 10,679,767 B2
• Filed: 07/23/2015
• Issued: 06/09/2020
• Est. Priority Date: 05/15/2015
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: AT&T Intellectual Property I LP (AT&T, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: AT&T Intellectual Property I LP (AT&T, Inc.)
• Inventors: Henry, Paul Shala, Bennett, Robert, Barzegar, Farhad, Gerszberg, Irwin, Taylor, William Scott, Barnickel, Donald J, Willis, III, Thomas M., Guntin, Ed
• Primary Examiner(s): Nguyen, Chau N
• Application Number:
  US14/807,320
• Publication Number:
  US 20160336092A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,783 Days
• Field of Search: 174110 F, 174120 R, 333240
• CPC Class Codes: H01B 3/441 from alkenes
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 3/52 Systems for transmission between fixed stations via waveguides

Abstract

Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, a transmission medium for propagating electromagnetic waves. The transmission medium can include a conductor for guiding electromagnetic waves longitudinally along the conductor, and a shell surrounding at least a portion of the conductor for reducing exposure of the electromagnetic waves to an adverse environment that increases propagation losses of the electromagnetic waves. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Claims

1. A system, comprising:

a cable having a first length comprising a conductive core;

a dielectric layer surrounding at least a portion of the conductive core, wherein the conductive core is configured to enable guided electromagnetic waves to be bound to the conductive core rather than the dielectric layer, wherein the dielectric layer reduces an exposure of the guided electromagnetic waves to an environment that adversely affects propagation of the guided electromagnetic waves via the conductive core, and wherein the dielectric layer comprises a cellular plastic material;

a coupler that facilitates, without requiring an electrical circuit, launching or receiving the guided electromagnetic waves bound to the conductive core of the cable, wherein the coupler is coupled to the cable and has a second length that differs from the first length of the cable, wherein the coupler is in proximity to a surface of the conductive core and is tapered towards the surface of the conductive core, and wherein the coupler is wholly constructed of an insulating material; and

a transceiver coupled to the coupler, wherein the transceiver provides electromagnetic waves to the coupler, facilitating transmission of the guided electromagnetic waves according to a propagation mode comprising an electric field intensity profile that is substantially concentrated within the dielectric layer.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein an insulation layer is disposed between the conductive core and the dielectric layer.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein the insulation layer has a first dielectric constant, wherein the dielectric layer has a second dielectric constant, and wherein the first dielectric constant exceeds the second dielectric constant.

4. The system of claim 2, wherein the cellular plastic material corresponds to a dielectric foam.

5. The system of claim 2, wherein the guided electromagnetic waves are bound to the insulation layer.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the conductive core is an uninsulated conductor, wherein the dielectric layer is disposed on an outer surface of the uninsulated conductor, and wherein the propagation mode of the guided electromagnetic waves comprises a fundamental guided wave mode bound to the uninsulated conductor.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein the coupler is positioned tangentially to the dielectric layer.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein a substantial portion of the guided electromagnetic waves is confined in the dielectric layer to reduce propagation losses caused by the environment.

9. The system of claim 1, further comprising a cover that surrounds an outer surface of the dielectric layer to prevent exposure to the environment.

10. The system of claim 9, wherein the cover comprises a dielectric material.

11. The system of claim 10, wherein the dielectric material comprises polyethylene.

12. The system of claim 1, wherein the cable and the dielectric layer are coaxially aligned.

13. The system of claim 1, further comprising a splicing device for mating to a first end of the cable and a second end of another cable.

14. A device, comprising:

a conductor;

a waveguide coupler configured to transmit or receive guided electromagnetic waves that propagate along the conductor, wherein the waveguide coupler is in proximity to a surface of the conductor and is tapered towards the surface of the conductor, and wherein the waveguide coupler does not include a conducting material;

a dielectric layer surrounding at least a portion of the conductor, wherein the conductor is configured to enable the guided electromagnetic waves to be bound to the conductor rather than the dielectric layer, wherein the guided electromagnetic waves propagate along the conductor without requiring an electrical return path, wherein the dielectric layer reduces exposure of the guided electromagnetic waves to an adverse environment that increases propagation losses of the guided electromagnetic waves, and wherein the conductor and the dielectric layer are coaxially aligned; and

a transceiver coupled to the waveguide coupler, wherein the transceiver provides electromagnetic waves to the waveguide coupler, facilitating transmission of the guided electromagnetic waves according to a propagation mode that has an electric field intensity profile that is substantially concentrated within the dielectric layer.

15. The device of claim 14, further comprising an insulation layer disposed between the dielectric layer and the conductor.

16. The device of claim 15, wherein the guided electromagnetic waves are bound to the insulation layer.

17. The device of claim 14, wherein a substantial portion of the guided electromagnetic waves propagates within the dielectric layer to reduce exposure to the adverse environment.

18. A system, comprising:

a cable comprising a conductive core and a dielectric layer surrounding at least a portion of the conductive core, wherein the conductive core is configured to enable guided electromagnetic waves to be bound to the conductive core rather than the dielectric layer, wherein the guided electromagnetic waves have an electric field intensity profile that is substantially concentrated within the dielectric layer, such that the dielectric layer reduces an exposure of the guided electromagnetic waves to an environment that adversely affects propagation of the guided electromagnetic waves via the conductive core, and wherein the conductive core and the dielectric layer are coaxially aligned;

a dielectric coupler that facilitates, without forming an electrical circuit, launching or receiving the guided electromagnetic waves bound to the conductive core of the cable, wherein the dielectric coupler is coupled to the cable and has a second length that differs from a first length of the cable, wherein the dielectric coupler is in proximity to a surface of the conductive core and is tapered towards the surface of the conductive core, and wherein the dielectric coupler does not include a conducting material; and

a transceiver coupled to the dielectric coupler, wherein the transceiver provides electromagnetic waves to the dielectric coupler, facilitating transmission of the guided electromagnetic waves.

19. The system of claim 18, wherein the conductive core is an uninsulated conductor, wherein the dielectric layer is disposed on an outer surface of the uninsulated conductor, and wherein the guided electromagnetic waves have a fundamental guided wave mode bound to the uninsulated conductor.

20. The system of claim 18, wherein an insulation layer is disposed between the conductive core and the dielectric layer.

21. The system of claim 20, wherein the guided electromagnetic waves are bound to the insulation layer.

22. The system of claim 18, further comprising a cover that surrounds an outer surface of the dielectric layer to prevent exposure to the environment.

23. The system of claim 18, wherein the dielectric coupler is positioned tangentially to the dielectric layer, and wherein the dielectric layer comprises an expanded polyethylene material.

24. The system of claim 18, wherein a substantial portion of the guided electromagnetic waves is confined in the dielectric layer to reduce propagation losses caused by the environment.