Biomedical patches with spatially arranged fibers

• US 10,682,444 B2
• Filed: 08/14/2019
• Issued: 06/16/2020
• Est. Priority Date: 09/21/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Washington University In St Louis
• Original Assignee: Washington University In St Louis
• Inventors: MacEwan, Matthew R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Sharma, Yashita
• Application Number:
  US16/540,779
• Publication Number:
  US 20190365958A1
• Time in Patent Office: 307 Days
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 13/02 Adhesive bandages or dressings
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 15/26 Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Derivatives thereof A61L15/225 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 15/44 Medicaments
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 15/64 specially adapted to be resorbable inside the body
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 2300/414 Growth factors
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 2400/12 Nanosized materials, e.g. nanofibres, nanoparticles, nanowires, nanotubes; Nanostructured surfaces
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 2400/18 Modification of implant surfaces in order to improve biocompatibility, cell growth, fixation of biomolecules, e.g. plasma treatment
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 2430/20 for reconstruction of the heart, e.g. heart valves
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 2430/32 for nerve reconstruction
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 27/18 obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 27/54 Biologically active materials, e.g. therapeutic substances A61L27/227 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 27/58 Materials at least partially resorbable by the body
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 27/60 Materials for use in artificial skin
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 31/04 Macromolecular materials
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 48/18 the components being layers
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2250/20 All layers being fibrous or filamentary
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2262/0276 Polyester fibres
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2307/518 bi-axially
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2307/54 Yield strength; Tensile strength
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2307/726 Permeability to liquids, absorption
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2307/7265 : Non-permeable
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2556/00 : Patches, e.g. medical patches, repair patches
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 5/022 : Non-woven fabric
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 5/26 : another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary relative arrangement of fibres or filaments of different layers B32B5/12
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 7/02 : Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 7/12 : using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
• CPC Class Codes: C08L 67/04 : Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids, e.g. lactones C08L67/06 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: D01D 5/0007 : Electro-spinning non-woven fabrics produced by electro-spinning D04H1/728
• CPC Class Codes: D01D 5/0038 : the fibre formed by solvent evaporation, i.e. dry electro-spinning
• CPC Class Codes: D01D 5/0061 : characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus
• CPC Class Codes: D01D 5/0076 : characterised by the collecting device, e.g. drum, wheel, endless belt, plate or grid D01D5/0046 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: D04H 1/728 : by electro-spinning electro-spinning methods and apparatus D01D5/0007
• CPC Class Codes: D04H 3/16 : with bonds between thermoplastic filaments produced in association with filament formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion
• CPC Class Codes: D10B 2509/00 : Medical; Hygiene

Abstract

A three-dimensional electrospun nanofiber scaffold for use in repairing a defect in a tissue substrate is provided. The three-dimensional electrospun nanofiber scaffold includes a first layer formed by a first plurality of electrospun polymeric fibers and a second layer formed by a second plurality of electrospun polymeric fibers. The second layer is coupled to the first layer using a coupling process and includes a plurality of varying densities formed by the second plurality of electrospun polymeric fibers. The first and second layers are configured to degrade via hydrolysis after at least one of a predetermined time or an environmental condition. The three-dimensional electrospun nanofiber scaffold is configured to be applied to the tissue substrate containing the defect.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional electrospun nanofiber scaffold for use in repairing a defect in a tissue substrate, the three-dimensional electrospun nanofiber scaffold comprising:

a first plurality of electrospun polymeric nanofibers having a diameter of 1-3000 nanometers; and

a second plurality of deposited electrospun polymeric nanofibers having a diameter of 1-3000 nanometers,

the second plurality of deposited electrospun polymeric nanofibers being coupled to the first plurality of electrospun polymeric nanofibers,

the second plurality of deposited electrospun polymeric nanofibers forming one or more regions within the three-dimensional electrospun nanofiber scaffold, wherein the one or more regions comprise a density different from one or more other regions of the three-dimensional electrospun nanofiber scaffold, wherein the one or more regions are overlaid on a first portion of the first plurality of electrospun polymeric nanofibers, wherein the one or more regions are not overlaid on a second portion of the first plurality of electrospun polymeric nanofibers,

wherein the three-dimensional electrospun nanofiber scaffold is configured to be applied to the tissue substrate containing the defect,

wherein the three-dimensional electrospun nanofiber scaffold comprises a controlled separation rate of less than 30 days, wherein the first plurality of electrospun polymeric nanofibers and the second plurality of deposited electrospun polymeric nanofibers are adapted to separate within 30 days after application to the tissue substrate containing the defect.

2. The three-dimensional electrospun nanofiber scaffold of claim 1, wherein the second plurality of deposited electrospun polymeric nanofibers is coupled to the first plurality of electrospun polymeric nanofibers by at least one of heating, applying mechanical stress, applying mechanical pressure, applying a glue, chemical processing, cross-linking, or surface functionalization.

3. The three-dimensional electrospun nanofiber scaffold of claim 1, wherein the first plurality of electrospun polymeric nanofibers and the second plurality of deposited electrospun polymeric nanofibers are randomly oriented.

4. The three-dimensional electrospun nanofiber scaffold of claim 1, wherein the first plurality of electrospun polymeric nanofibers comprises polyglycolic acid.

5. The three-dimensional electrospun nanofiber scaffold of claim 1, wherein the second plurality of deposited electrospun polymeric nanofibers comprises caprolactone.

6. The three-dimensional electrospun nanofiber scaffold of claim 1, wherein the second plurality of deposited electrospun polymeric nanofibers is coupled to the first plurality of electrospun polymeric nanofibers by cross-linking.

7. The three-dimensional electrospun nanofiber scaffold of claim 1, wherein the first plurality of electrospun polymeric nanofibers and the second plurality of deposited electrospun polymeric nanofibers are adapted to separate via hydrolysis.

8. The three-dimensional electrospun nanofiber scaffold of claim 1, wherein the first plurality of electrospun polymeric nanofibers comprises polyglycolic acid, and wherein the second plurality of deposited electrospun polymeric nanofibers comprises caprolactone.

9. The three-dimensional electrospun nanofiber scaffold of claim 1, further comprising a first region and a second region, the first region having a lower density than the second portion region.

10. The three-dimensional electrospun nanofiber scaffold of claim 9, wherein the first plurality of electrospun polymeric nanofibers and the second plurality of deposited electrospun polymeric nanofibers are randomly oriented.

11. The three-dimensional electrospun nanofiber scaffold of claim 1, wherein the first plurality of electrospun polymeric nanofibers and the second plurality of deposited electrospun polymeric nanofibers form a homogeneous material.

12. The three-dimensional electrospun nanofiber scaffold of claim 1, further comprising multiple layers of the first plurality of electrospun polymeric nanofibers and the second plurality of deposited electrospun polymeric nanofibers.

13. The three-dimensional electrospun nanofiber scaffold of claim 1, further comprising one or more substances deposited within the scaffold.

14. The three-dimensional electrospun nanofiber scaffold of claim 13, wherein the one or more substances comprise one or more of a biological agent, growth factor, drug, or chemotherapeutic substance.

15. The three-dimensional electrospun nanofiber scaffold of claim 13, wherein the one or more substances is configured to be released upon separation of the first plurality of electrospun polymeric nanofibers and the second plurality of deposited electrospun polymeric nanofibers.

16. The three-dimensional electrospun nanofiber scaffold of claim 1, wherein the first plurality of electrospun polymeric nanofibers and the second plurality of deposited electrospun polymeric nanofibers are bioresorbable.

17. The three-dimensional electrospun nanofiber scaffold of claim 1, wherein the first plurality of electrospun polymeric nanofibers and the second plurality of deposited electrospun polymeric nanofibers are configured to bioresorb and/or degrade via hydrolysis.

18. The three-dimensional electrospun nanofiber scaffold of claim 1, wherein the scaffold is non-woven.