Measuring concertation of analytes in liquid samples using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy
First Claim
1. A method of measuring the amount of an analyte in water, the method comprising the steps of:
- obtaining a sample of water of known volume containing an analyte;
mixing a known amount of an isotopologue with the sample;
mixing Raman-scattering nanoparticles with the sample;
producing a Raman spectrum of the mixture; and
,performing a ratiometric analysis of peaks or bands within the Raman spectrum corresponding to the analyte and the isotopologue within the Raman spectrum to quantify the analyte,wherein the analyte is a molecular anion and the isotopologue is a molecular anion with all oxygen atoms substituted with 18O.
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Abstract
A hand-held microfluidic testing device is provided that includes a housing having a cartridge receiving port and a cartridge for input to the cartridge receiving port. An optical detection system in the housing is capable of providing an illuminated electric field useful for Raman spectroscopy. The cartridge may have a sample well. The sample well is loaded with a mixture of water containing the analyte, Raman-scattering nanoparticles and a calibration solution. The calibration solution contains an analogue of the analyte differing in its Raman response, for example an isotope of the analyte. Optionally, a chemical compound capable of increasing interaction between the analyte and the nanoparticles may be added.
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Citations
20 Claims
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1. A method of measuring the amount of an analyte in water, the method comprising the steps of:
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obtaining a sample of water of known volume containing an analyte; mixing a known amount of an isotopologue with the sample; mixing Raman-scattering nanoparticles with the sample; producing a Raman spectrum of the mixture; and
,performing a ratiometric analysis of peaks or bands within the Raman spectrum corresponding to the analyte and the isotopologue within the Raman spectrum to quantify the analyte, wherein the analyte is a molecular anion and the isotopologue is a molecular anion with all oxygen atoms substituted with 18O. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 15, 16, 17)
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7. A method of measuring the amount of an analyte in water, the method comprising the steps of:
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obtaining a sample of water of known volume containing an analyte; mixing a known amount of an isotopologue with the sample; mixing Raman-scattering nanoparticles with the sample; producing a Raman spectrum of the mixture; and
,performing a ratiometric analysis of peaks or bands within the Raman spectrum corresponding to the analyte and the isotopologue within the Raman spectrum to quantify the analyte wherein the analyte is a molecular cation and comprising adding an anionic compound to the mixture. - View Dependent Claims (18)
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8. A method of measuring the amount of an analyte in water, the method comprising the steps of:
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obtaining a sample of water of known volume containing an analyte; mixing a known amount of an isotopologue with the sample; mixing Raman-scattering nanoparticles with the sample; producing a Raman spectrum of the mixture; and
,performing a ratiometric analysis of peaks or bands within the Raman spectrum corresponding to the analyte and the isotopologue within the Raman spectrum to quantify the analyte comprising a step of pre-treating the mixture after adding the isotopologue but before producing the Raman spectrum, wherein said analyte is an amine. - View Dependent Claims (9, 10, 11, 12, 19)
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13. A method of measuring the amount of an analyte in water, the method comprising the steps of:
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obtaining a sample of water of known volume containing an analyte; reacting the analyte with a known initial amount of a compound to consume the analyte and leave a remaining amount of the compound; mixing a known amount of an isotopologue with the reaction product; mixing Raman-scattering nanoparticles with the reaction product; producing a Raman spectrum of the mixture; performing a ratiometric analysis of peaks or bands within the Raman spectrum corresponding to the compound and the isotopologue within the Raman spectrum to quantify the remaining amount of the compound; subtracting the remaining amount of the compound from the initial amount of the compound to determining the amount of the compound consumed; and
,calculating the amount of the analyte from the amount of the compound consumed. - View Dependent Claims (14, 20)
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Specification