Gear train architecture for a multi-spool gas turbine engine

• US 10,690,061 B2
• Filed: 01/17/2017
• Issued: 06/23/2020
• Est. Priority Date: 07/19/2016
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Pratt & Whitney Canada Corporation (Raytheon Technologies Corporation d/b/a RTX)
• Original Assignee: Pratt & Whitney Canada Corporation (Raytheon Technologies Corporation d/b/a RTX)
• Inventors: Lefebvre, Guy
• Primary Examiner(s): Wilensky, Moshe
• Assistant Examiner(s): Prager, Jesse M
• Application Number:
  US15/407,439
• Publication Number:
  US 20180023470A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,253 Days
• CPC Class Codes: B64D 27/10 of gas-turbine type jet aircraft B64D27/16
• CPC Class Codes: B64D 35/04 characterised by the transmission driving a plurality of propellers or rotors
• CPC Class Codes: F01D 15/12 Combinations with mechanical gearing driven by multiple engines F01D13/00
• CPC Class Codes: F01D 25/18 Lubricating arrangements of machines or engines in general F01M
• CPC Class Codes: F01D 5/026 Shaft to shaft connections
• CPC Class Codes: F02C 3/08 the compressor comprising at least one radial stage F02C3/10 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F02C 3/10 with another turbine driving an output shaft but not driving the compressor
• CPC Class Codes: F02C 3/107 with two or more rotors connected by power transmission
• CPC Class Codes: F02C 3/113 with variable power transmission between rotors
• CPC Class Codes: F02C 3/145 the combustion chamber being in the reverse flow-type
• CPC Class Codes: F02C 6/206 the vehicles being airscrew driven
• CPC Class Codes: F02C 7/06 Arrangements of bearings bearings F16C; Lubricating of turbo machines F01D25/18; of machines or engines in general F01M
• CPC Class Codes: F02C 7/32 Arrangement, mounting, or driving, of auxiliaries
• CPC Class Codes: F02C 7/36 Power transmission arrangements between the different shafts of the gas turbine plant, or between the gas-turbine plant and the power user F02C3/107 - F02C3/13 and F02C7/32 take precedence; couplings for transmitting rotation F16D; gearing in general F16H
• CPC Class Codes: F02K 3/06 with front fan
• CPC Class Codes: F05D 2220/32 in gas turbines
• CPC Class Codes: F05D 2220/323 for aircraft propulsion, e.g. jet engines
• CPC Class Codes: F05D 2220/324 to drive unshrouded, low solidity propeller
• CPC Class Codes: F05D 2220/329 in helicopters
• CPC Class Codes: F05D 2230/70 Disassembly methods
• CPC Class Codes: F05D 2230/72 : Maintenance
• CPC Class Codes: F05D 2240/61 : Hollow
• CPC Class Codes: F05D 2250/36 : in inner-outer relationship, e.g. shaft-bearing arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: F05D 2260/31 : Retaining bolts or nuts
• CPC Class Codes: F05D 2260/36 : by a form fit connection, e.g. by interlocking
• CPC Class Codes: F05D 2260/40 : Transmission of power
• CPC Class Codes: F05D 2260/4031 : as in toothed gearing
• CPC Class Codes: F05D 2260/40311 : of the epicyclical, planetary or differential type
• CPC Class Codes: F05D 2260/98 : Lubrication
• CPC Class Codes: F16H 57/0495 : with fixed gear ratio
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 50/40 : Weight reduction
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 50/60 : Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft

Abstract

A multi-spool gas turbine engine comprises a low pressure (LP) spool and a high pressure (HP) spool. The LP spool and the HP spool are independently rotatable about an axis. The LP pressure spool has an LP compressor and an LP turbine. The HP spool has an HP turbine and an HP compressor. The LP compressor is axially positioned between the HP compressor and an accessory gear box (AGB). The AGB is drivingly connected to the HP spool through the center of the LP compressor.

Claims

1. An aircraft engine comprising:

a low pressure (LP) spool;

a high pressure (HP) spool fluidly connected to the LP spool by a gaspath, the LP spool comprising an LP compressor and an LP turbine, the HP spool comprising an HP turbine and an HP compressor;

an accessory gear box (AGB), the LP compressor positioned between the HP compressor and the AGB; and

first and second gear trains positioned between the HP compressor and the LP compressor and radially inwardly from the gaspath, the first gear train coupling the LP turbine to the LP compressor, the second gear train coupling the HP spool to the AGB, wherein the aircraft engine has a reverse flow configuration including an air inlet disposed aft of the LP compressor along an intended direction of travel of the aircraft engine, and wherein the AGB is disposed aft of the air inlet.

2. The aircraft engine defined in claim 1, wherein the AGB has an input shaft, the input shaft extending through a central bore of the LP compressor into meshing engagement with a gear of the second gear train.

3. The aircraft engine defined in claim 1, wherein a gear ratio of the first gear train is selected to permit the LP compressor to rotate at a different speed than the LP turbine.

4. The aircraft engine defined in claim 1, wherein the aircraft engine is a turboprop engine including a reduction gear box drivingly connected to the LP turbine, the reduction gear box disposed forward of the LP turbine.

5. The aircraft engine defined in claim 1, wherein the gaspath has an inner gaspath wall, and wherein the first and second gear trains are contained in a central chamber circumscribed by the inner gaspath wall.

6. The aircraft engine defined in claim 5, wherein the central chamber contains oil, and wherein the central chamber is fluidly connected to an oil chamber of the AGB, thereby providing for a combined oil sump for the AGB and the first and second gear trains.

7. The aircraft engine defined in claim 1, wherein the LP spool comprises an LP shaft, the LP shaft having an end disposed between the HP compressor and the LP compressor, said end of the LP shaft providing a drive input to the first gear train.

8. The aircraft engine defined in claim 1, wherein the gaspath has an inner gaspath wall, the inner gaspath wall providing support to the first and second gear trains.

9. A multi-spool gas turbine engine comprising:

a low pressure (LP) spool;

a high pressure (HP) spool fluidly connected to the LP spool via a gaspath, the LP spool and the HP spool being mounted for rotation about a central axis;

the LP spool comprising an LP compressor and an LP turbine, the HP spool comprising an HP turbine and an HP compressor;

an accessory gear box (AGB) drivingly connected to the HP spool, the LP compressor being axially positioned between the HP compressor and the AGB and drivingly connected to the LP turbine via a gear train positioned axially between the HP compressor and the LP compressor and radially inwardly from the gaspath, wherein the LP turbine is drivingly mounted to an LP shaft extending axially along the central axis within an HP shaft connecting the HP turbine to the HP compressor, the LP shaft having one end thereof projecting axially out of the HP shaft, said gear train being provided at said one end of the LP shaft, wherein the gear train comprises a first gear mounted to said one end of the LP shaft, said first gear being in meshing engagement with a second gear provided at a first end of a transfer shaft, a third gear provided at a second end of the transfer shaft, and a fourth gear provided on said LP compressor, the fourth gear being in meshing engagement with the third gear.

10. The multi-spool gas turbine engine defined in claim 9, wherein the gear train is contained within a central chamber circumscribed by an inner gaspath wall between the HP compressor and the LP compressor.

11. The multi-spool gas turbine engine defined in claim 9, wherein the engine is an aircraft engine, and wherein the AGB is aft of the LP compressor along an intended direction of travel of the aircraft engine, the LP compressor is aft of the HP compressor, the HP compressor is aft of the HP turbine, the HP turbine is aft of the LP turbine, and wherein the LP turbine is drivingly connected to an output drive shaft having a front end configured to drivingly engage a rotatable load, the LP turbine being aft of the front end of the output drive shaft.

12. The multi-spool gas turbine engine defined in claim 11, wherein a further gear train is provided between the HP compressor and the LP compressor, the further gear train interconnecting the HP spool to an input drive shaft of the AGB, the input drive shaft extending axially through a central bore of the LP compressor.

13. The multi-spool gas turbine engine defined in claim 10, wherein the central chamber contains oil, and wherein the central chamber is fluidly connected to an oil chamber of the AGB.

14. A reverse flow gas turbine engine, comprising:

an output drive shaft having a front end configurable to drivingly engage a rotatable load;

a low pressure (LP) spool including an LP turbine drivingly engaged to the output drive shaft, and an LP compressor drivingly connected to the LP turbine via a gear train, the LP turbine disposed forward of the LP compressor relative to a front end of the output drive shaft; and

a high pressure HP spool including an HP turbine and an HP compressor drivingly engaged to an HP shaft rotatable independently of the LP spool, the HP compressor disposed forward of the LP compressor and in fluid communication therewith via a gaspath, and the HP turbine disposed aft of the LP turbine and in fluid communication therewith through said gaspath;

wherein the gear train coupling the LP compressor to the LP turbine is disposed between the LP compressor and the HP compressor and radially inwardly from the gaspath, further comprising an accessory gearbox (AGB), the AGB being mounted aft of the LP compressor and wherein the AGB has an input shaft extending through a central bore of the LP compressor, the input shaft being drivingly connected to the HP spool via a further gear train, the gear train and the further gear train being housed in a same chamber circumscribed by an inner gaspath wall of the gaspath.

15. The reverse flow gas turbine engine defined in claim 14, wherein the chamber in which are disposed the gear train and the further gear train is in fluid flow communication with an oil chamber of the AGB axially through the center of the LP compressor.