Step-down chopper circuit having bypass elements

• US 10,700,593 B2
• Filed: 09/28/2018
• Issued: 06/30/2020
• Est. Priority Date: 11/14/2017
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Fuji Electric Company Limited (Fuji Electric Systems Company Limited)
• Original Assignee: Fuji Electric Company Limited (Fuji Electric Systems Company Limited)
• Inventors: Kubouchi, Motoyoshi
• Primary Examiner(s): Moody, Kyle J
• Assistant Examiner(s): Lee, Jye-June
• Application Number:
  US16/146,293
• Publication Number:
  US 20190149035A1
• Time in Patent Office: 641 Days
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/007 Plural converter units in cascade push-pull DC/DC converters with pre-regulator H02M3/3374; DC-AC converters following a DC-DC stage including a high frequency transformer H02M7/4807; DC-AC converters following a DC-DC conversion stage generating periodically varying voltages H02M7/4826
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/32 Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/322 Means for rapidly discharging a capacitor of the converter for protecting electrical components or for preventing electrical shock
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/325 with means for allowing continuous operation despite a fault, i.e. fault tolerant converters
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/07 using capacitors charged and discharged alternately by semiconductor devices with control electrode , e.g. charge pumps
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/072 adapted to generate an output voltage whose value is lower than the input voltage
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/158 including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 7/537 using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 2201/11 Buck converter, i.e. DC-DC step down converter decreasing the voltage between the supply and the inverter driving the motor general aspects of plural converters in cascade H02M
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 27/06 using dc to ac converters or inverters H02P27/05 takes precedence

Abstract

A step-down chopper circuit having a filter reactor includes: a capacitor series circuit having a first capacitor and a second capacitor; a first series circuit having a semiconductor switching element and a diode, which is connected in parallel with the first capacitor, and a second series circuit having a diode and a semiconductor switching element, which is connected in parallel with the second capacitor; a chopper reactor whose one end is connected to a connection point of the first series circuit; and an output capacitor connected between the other end of the chopper reactor and a connection point of the second series circuit, in which a bypass current path with respect to the capacitor, which is configured to bypass a short-circuit current, is formed when one of the first series circuit and the second series circuit becomes a short-circuit state.

Claims

1. A step-down chopper circuit, comprising:

a positive electrode-side power wire connected to a positive electrode of a DC power supply, and a negative electrode-side power wire connected to a negative electrode of the DC power supply;

a capacitor series circuit of a first capacitor and a second capacitor, which is connected between the positive electrode-side power wire and the negative electrode-side power wire;

a first series circuit in which a first switching element and a first diode are connected in series, which is connected in parallel with the first capacitor, and a second series circuit in which a second diode and a second switching element are connected in series, which is connected in parallel with the second capacitor;

a chopper reactor with one end connected to a connection point of the first switching element and the first diode of the first series circuit;

an output capacitor connected between another end of the chopper reactor and a connection point of the second diode and the second switching element of the second series circuit; and

a first bypass current path to be formed with respect to the second capacitor when the first series circuit becomes a short-circuit state, and a second bypass current path to be formed with respect to the first capacitor when the second series circuit becomes a short-circuit state,

the first series circuit including a first bypass element connected in parallel with the first switching element, and a second bypass element connected in parallel with the first diode, and

the second series circuit including a third bypass element connected in parallel with the second diode, and a fourth bypass element connected in parallel with the second switching element.

2. The step-down chopper circuit according to claim 1, wherein

the first diode is set to have a withstand voltage lower than a withstand voltage of the first capacitor, the second diode is set to have a withstand voltage lower than a withstand voltage of the second capacitor, the second switching element is controlled to be in an on state when the first series circuit is short-circuited, and the first switching element is controlled to be in an on state when the second series circuit is short-circuited.

3. The step-down chopper circuit according to claim 1, wherein

the first bypass element is a first bypass switching element connected in parallel with the first switching element, and the second bypass element is a first bypass diode connected in parallel with the first diode and having a withstand voltage lower than a withstand voltage of the first capacitor, and

the third bypass element is a second bypass diode connected in parallel with the second diode and having a withstand voltage lower than a withstand voltage of the second capacitor, and the fourth bypass element is a second bypass switching element connected in parallel with the second switching element.

4. The step-down chopper circuit according to claim 1, wherein

the first bypass element is a first boost diode connected in parallel with the first switching element, and the second bypass element is a first boost switching element connected in parallel with the first diode, and

the third bypass element is a second boost switching element connected in parallel with the second diode, and the fourth bypass element is a second boost diode connected in parallel with the second switching element.

5. The step-down chopper circuit according to claim 1, wherein

a withstand voltage of the first diode is set to be lower than a withstand voltage of the first capacitor, and

a withstand voltage of the second diode is set to be lower than a withstand voltage of the second capacitor.

6. The step-down chopper circuit according to claim 1, wherein

the first bypass element is a first bypass switching element connected in parallel with the first switching element, and the second bypass element is a third bypass switching element connected in parallel with the first diode, and

the third bypass element is a fourth bypass switching element connected in parallel with the second diode, and the fourth bypass element is a second bypass switching element connected in parallel with the second switching element.

7. A step-down chopper circuit, comprising:

a positive electrode-side power wire connected to a positive electrode of a DC power supply, and a negative electrode-side power wire connected to a negative electrode of the DC power supply;

a capacitor series circuit of a first capacitor and a second capacitor, which is connected between the positive electrode-side power wire and the negative electrode-side power wire;

a first series circuit in which a first switching element and a first diode are connected in series, which is connected in parallel with the first capacitor, and a second series circuit in which a second diode and a second switching element are connected in series, which is connected in parallel with the second capacitor;

a chopper reactor with one end connected to a connection point of the first switching element and the first diode of the first series circuit;

an output capacitor connected between another end of the chopper reactor and a connection point of the second diode and the second switching element of the second series circuit; and

a first bypass current path to be formed with respect to the second capacitor when the first series circuit becomes a short-circuit state, and a second bypass current path to be formed with respect to the first capacitor when the second series circuit becomes a short-circuit state,

the first series circuit including a first bypass switching element connected in parallel with the first diode, and the second series circuit including a second bypass switching element connected in parallel with the second diode,

the second switching element and the second bypass switching element are controlled to be in an on state when the first series circuit is short-circuited, and

the first switching element and the first bypass switching element are controlled to be in an on state when the second series circuit is short-circuited.

8. A step-down chopper circuit, comprising:

a positive electrode-side power wire connected to a positive electrode of a DC power supply, and a negative electrode-side power wire connected to a negative electrode of the DC power supply;

a capacitor series circuit of a first capacitor and a second capacitor, which is connected between the positive electrode-side power wire and the negative electrode-side power wire;

a first series circuit in which a first switching element and a first diode are connected in series, which is connected in parallel with the first capacitor, and a second series circuit in which a second diode and a second switching element are connected in series, which is connected in parallel with the second capacitor;

a chopper reactor with one end connected to a connection point of the first switching element and the first diode of the first series circuit;

an output capacitor connected between another end of the chopper reactor and a connection point of the second diode and the second switching element of the second series circuit;

a bypass element connected between a connection point of the first switching element and the first diode and a connection point of the second diode and the second switching element; and

a first bypass current path to be formed with respect to the second capacitor when the first series circuit becomes a short-circuit state, and a second bypass current path to be formed with respect to the first capacitor when the second series circuit becomes a short-circuit state.

9. The step-down chopper circuit according to claim 8, wherein the bypass element includes:

a bypass switching element configured to be controlled to be in an on state when a short circuit is detected, or

a bypass diode set to have a withstand voltage lower than a withstand voltage of the first capacitor and a withstand voltage of the second capacitor.

10. A step-down chopper circuit, comprising:

a positive electrode-side power wire connected to a positive electrode of a DC power supply, and a negative electrode-side power wire connected to a negative electrode of the DC power supply;

a capacitor series circuit of a first capacitor and a second capacitor, which is connected between the positive electrode-side power wire and the negative electrode-side power wire;

a first series circuit in which a first switching element and a first diode are connected in series, which is connected in parallel with the first capacitor, and a second series circuit in which a second diode and a second switching element are connected in series, which is connected in parallel with the second capacitor;

a chopper reactor with one end connected to a connection point of the first switching element and the first diode of the first series circuit;

an output capacitor connected between another end of the chopper reactor and a connection point of the second diode and the second switching element of the second series circuit;

a first bypass element connected in parallel with the first capacitor, and a second bypass element connected in parallel with the second capacitor; and

a first bypass current path to be formed with respect to the second capacitor when the first series circuit becomes a short-circuit state, and a second bypass current path to be formed with respect to the first capacitor when the second series circuit becomes a short-circuit state.

11. The step-down chopper circuit according to claim 10, wherein

the first bypass element is a first bypass switching element configured to be controlled to be in an on state when the first series circuit is short-circuited, and the second bypass element is a second bypass switching element configured to be controlled to be in an on state when the second series circuit is short-circuited, or

the first bypass element is a first bypass diode set to have a withstand voltage lower than a withstand voltage of the first capacitor, and the second bypass element is a second bypass diode set to have a withstand voltage lower than a withstand voltage of the second capacitor.