Systems, methods, and devices for using a battery as an antenna for receiving wirelessly delivered power from radio frequency power waves

• US 10,714,984 B2
• Filed: 11/06/2018
• Issued: 07/14/2020
• Est. Priority Date: 10/10/2017
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Energous Corporation
• Original Assignee: Energous Corporation
• Inventors: Hosseini, Alister, Leabman, Michael A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Amrany, Adi
• Application Number:
  US16/182,518
• Publication Number:
  US 20190173323A1
• Time in Patent Office: 616 Days
• Field of Search: 307 2, 307104, 307151
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/425 Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing printed circuits H05K1/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/44 Methods for charging or discharging circuits for charging H02J7/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2010/4271 Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2010/4278 Systems for data transfer from batteries, e.g. transfer of battery parameters to a controller, data transferred between battery controller and main controller
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2220/30 Batteries in portable systems, e.g. mobile phone, laptop
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/27 characterised by the type of receiving antennas, e.g. rectennas
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00036 Charger exchanging data with battery
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0068 Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply H02J7/0013 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

Methods of constructing a wireless power receiver that uses a battery as an antenna are provided. The method includes power conversion circuitry that has a connector, the first end connected to at least a part of a battery, and the part of the battery is configured to act as an antenna and receive radio frequency (RF) power signals. The second end of the connector is opposite to the first end and connected to the power conversion circuitry. The power conversion circuitry converts the RF power signals into a direct current (DC) voltage that is used to charge the battery. Additional, some methods for constructing a wireless power receiver include a different connector between the power conversion circuitry and charging circuitry. The charging circuitry is electrically coupled with at least the part of the battery via another connector and provides DC voltage to charge the battery.

Claims

1. A method of constructing a wireless power receiver configured to receive wirelessly delivered power, the method comprising:

providing power conversion circuitry;

providing at least one battery having at least two battery terminals including a battery positive terminal and a battery negative terminal, and at least a part of the battery is configured to act as an antenna that wirelessly receives radio frequency (RF) power signals;

coupling at least one of the at least two battery terminals to the power conversion circuitry, wherein the power conversion circuitry is configured to convert an alternating current (AC) generated by reception of the RF power signals received at the at least one battery into a direct current (DC) voltage; and

providing charging circuitry having at least two charging circuit terminals, including a charging circuit positive terminal and a charging circuit negative terminal

electrically coupling to the battery positive terminal via a first inductor;

electrically coupling to the battery negative terminal via a second inductor; and

electrically coupling the charging circuitry to the power conversion circuitry, wherein;

the first inductor and the second inductor are configured to block the alternating current from being received by the charging circuitry, and

the charging circuitry is configured to (i) receive the DC voltage from the power conversion circuitry and (ii) charge the at least one battery using the DC voltage.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein coupling the power conversion circuitry comprises:

coupling at least one of the at least two battery terminals to the power conversion circuitry;

electrically coupling a power conversion circuitry first terminal with the battery positive terminal via a first electrical connection; and

electrically coupling a power conversion circuitry second terminal with the battery negative terminal via a second electrical connection.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein:

the charging circuitry drains an additional DC voltage from the at least one battery and provides the additional DC voltage to an electronic device in which the wireless power receiver is embedded,

the first electrical connection includes a first capacitor;

the second electrical connection includes a second capacitor, and

the first and the second capacitors are configured to prevent the additional DC voltage from being received by the power conversion circuitry.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the charging circuitry is further configured to:

measure a charge state of the at least one battery; and

based on the charge state of the at least one battery, determine an amount of the DC voltage to provide to the battery during the charging of the battery using the DC voltage.

5. The method of claim 4, further comprising:

providing impedance matching circuitry; and

coupling the impedance matching circuitry between the power conversion circuitry and the first and the second capacitors,

wherein the impedance matching circuitry is configured to adjust, in accordance with a determination that the charge state of the at least one battery indicates that the battery is substantially full, an impedance of the impedance matching circuitry to substantially block flow of the alternating current to the power conversion circuitry.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein, while the charge state of the battery indicates that the at least one battery is not substantially full, the impedance matching circuitry is further configured to dynamically adjust the impedance of the impedance matching circuitry to match an impedance of the at least one battery to ensure that the alternating current flows to the power conversion circuitry.

7. The method of claim 3, wherein the electronic device further includes a communication radio that operates on a first frequency band that is distinct from a second frequency band at which the RF power signals are received by the wireless power receiver.

8. The method of claim 3, wherein the electronic device is (i) an item-finding device that is configured to indicate a location of an associated item to a user, or (ii) a home automation remote that is configured to control features of a user'"'"'s home.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein coupling at least one of the at least two battery terminals to the power conversion circuitry comprises:

electrically coupling a power conversion circuitry terminal via an electrical connection with one of;

(i) the battery positive terminal and (ii) the battery negative terminal;

the electrical connection includes a capacitor configured to prevent an additional DC voltage from being received by the power conversion circuitry; and

the charging circuitry drains the additional DC voltage from the at least one battery and provides the additional DC voltage to an electronic device in which the wireless power receiver is embedded.

10. The method of claim 9, further comprising:

providing impedance matching circuitry; and

coupling the impedance matching circuitry between the power conversion circuitry and the capacitor,

wherein the charging circuitry is further configured to;

measure a charge state of the at least one battery; and

based on the charge state of the at least one battery, determine an amount of the DC voltage to provide to the battery during the charging of the at least one battery using the DC voltage; and

the impedance matching circuitry is configured to adjust, in accordance with a determination that the charge state of the at least one battery is substantially full, an impedance of the impedance matching circuitry to substantially block transfer of the alternating current to the power conversion circuitry.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein the part of the battery that is acting as the antenna comprises at least one of the at least two battery terminals and/or a housing of the at least one battery.

12. A method of constructing a wireless power receiver, comprising:

providing power conversion circuitry;

providing a first connection with a battery, wherein the first connection is configured to receive an alternating current that is generated by reception of wirelessly delivered radio frequency (RF) power signals, and the RF power signals are received by at least a part of the battery that is acting as an antenna; and

coupling the power conversion circuitry to the first connection with the battery, wherein the power conversion circuitry is configured to convert the alternating current into a direct current (DC) voltage that is used to charge the battery.

13. The method of claim 12, further comprising:

providing a second connection, distinct from the first connection;

coupling the power conversion circuitry and charging circuitry via the second connection;

providing a third connection, distinct from the first and second connections; and

coupling the charging circuitry with the battery via the third connection,

wherein;

the third connection includes at least one inductor that is configured to block the alternating current from being received by the charging circuitry, and

the charging circuitry is configured to;

receive, via the second connection, the DC voltage; and

use the third connection to charge the battery using the DC voltage.

14. The method of claim 13, further comprising:

providing impedance matching circuitry; and

coupling the impedance matching circuitry between the power conversion circuitry and the battery, the impedance matching circuitry configured to adjust, in accordance with a determination that a charge state of the battery indicates that the battery is substantially full, an impedance of the impedance matching circuitry to substantially block flow of the alternating current to the power conversion circuitry.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the charge state of the battery is determined by the charging circuitry.

16. The method of claim 14, further comprising:

providing at least one capacitor; and

coupling the at least one capacitor between the impedance matching circuitry and the battery,

wherein;

the charging circuitry drains an additional DC voltage from the battery to provide power to an electronic device; and

the at least one capacitor is configured to substantially prevent the additional DC voltage from flowing to the power conversion circuitry.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the wireless power receiver is embedded in the electronic device.

18. The method of claim 12, wherein the part of the battery that is acting as the antenna comprises at least one terminal of the battery and/or a housing of the battery.

19. A method of constructing a hearing aid with a wireless power receiving, the method comprising:

providing power conversion circuitry;

providing at least one battery having at least two battery terminals including a battery positive terminal and a battery negative terminal, and at least a part of the battery is configured to act as an antenna that wirelessly receives radio frequency (RF) power signals;

coupling at least one of the at least two battery terminals to the power conversion circuitry, wherein the power conversion circuitry is configured to convert an alternating current (AC) generated by reception of the RF power signals received at the at least one battery into a direct current (DC) voltage; and

providing charging circuitry having at least two charging circuit terminals, including a charging circuit positive terminal and a charging circuit negative terminal

electrically coupling to the battery positive terminal via a first inductor;

electrically coupling to the battery negative terminal via a second inductor; and

electrically coupling the charging circuitry to the power conversion circuitry, wherein;

the first inductor and the second inductor are configured to block the alternating current from being received by the charging circuitry, and

the charging circuitry is configured to (i) receive the DC voltage from the power conversion circuitry and (ii) charge the at least one battery using the DC voltage.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein coupling the power conversion circuitry comprises:

coupling at least one of the at least two battery terminals to the power conversion circuitry;

electrically coupling a power conversion circuitry first terminal with the battery positive terminal via a first electrical connection; and

electrically coupling a power conversion circuitry second terminal with the battery negative terminal via a second electrical connection.