Quantum mechanical framework for interaction of OAM with matter and applications in solid states, biosciences and quantum computing

• US 10,726,353 B2
• Filed: 10/22/2019
• Issued: 07/28/2020
• Est. Priority Date: 08/03/2015
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Nxgen Partners Ip, LLC (NxGen Partners LLC)
• Original Assignee: Nxgen Partners Ip, LLC (NxGen Partners LLC)
• Inventors: Ashrafi, Solyman
• Primary Examiner(s): Ippolito, Nicole M
• Assistant Examiner(s): Chang, Hanway
• Application Number:
  US16/660,246
• Publication Number:
  US 20200118026A1
• Time in Patent Office: 280 Days
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 26/0833 the reflecting element being a micromechanical device, e.g. a MEMS mirror, DMD G02B26/0825 takes precedence; micromechanical devices in general B81B
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 17/10 Complex mathematical operations function generation by table look-up G06F1/03; evaluation of elementary functions by calculation G06F7/544
• CPC Class Codes: G06N 10/00 Quantum computing, i.e. information processing based on quantum-mechanical phenomena
• CPC Class Codes: G06N 3/08 Learning methods
• CPC Class Codes: G06N 3/126 Evolutionary algorithms, e.g. genetic algorithms or genetic programming
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 9/0852 Quantum cryptography transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. light, infrared H04B10/00; wavelength-division multiplex systems H04J14/02; WDM arrangements H04J14/03
• CPC Class Codes: H10N 99/05 Quantum devices, e.g. quantum interference devices, metal single electron transistors

Abstract

A method comprises first generating a plane wave light beam. At least one orbital angular momentum is applied to the plane wave light beam to generate and OAM light beam. Transitions of electrons between quantized states within a semiconductor material are controlled responsive to the at least one orbital angular momentum applied to the plane wave light beam. The OAM light beam is transmitted at the semiconductor material to induce the transitions of the electrons between the quantize states within the semiconductor material.

Claims

1. A method for applying orbital angular momentum (OAM) to electrons of a semiconductor material, comprising:

generating a plane wave light beam;

applying at least one orbital angular momentum to the plane wave light beam to generate an OAM light beam;

controlling transitions of electrons between quantized states within the semiconductor material responsive to the at least one orbital angular momentum applied to the plane wave light beam; and

transmitting the OAM light beam at the semiconductor material to induce the transitions of the electrons between the quantize states within the semiconductor material.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of controlling further comprises controlling a level of production of free carriers within the semiconductor material rather than excitons responsive to interaction of the OAM light beam with the semiconductor material.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of controlling transitions further comprises defining the quantized states as a 2-band model and the controlling the transitions of the electrons between a first band and a second band.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of controlling further comprises constructing a semi-classical Hamiltonian, wherein quantum mechanical operators define behavior of electrons within the semiconductor material and a bare electron energy and interaction Hamiltonian define behavior of photons within the OAM light beam.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the interaction Hamiltonian of a photon with an electron provides an eigenvector having an expectation value of the OAM of the OAM light beam.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of transmitting further transfer the OAM of the OAM light beam from photons of the OAM light beam to the electrons of the semiconductor material.

7. The method of claim 6 further comprising generating an electric current and a magnetic field responsive to transfer of the OAM of the OAM light beam from the photons of the OAM light beam to the electrons of the semiconductor material.

8. The method of claim 7 further comprising determining a total electric current and a total magnetic field for the generated electric current and the generated magnetic field.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the step of determining comprises the steps of:

determining a total number of photo excited electrons within the semiconductor material;

determining a first electric current and a first magnetic field generated by a single electron; and

multiplying the total number of photo excited electrons by each of the first electric current and the first magnetic field to determine the total electric current and the total magnetic field.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of controlling further comprises determining the OAM applied to electrons of the semiconductor material by the OAM light beam, the step of determining further comprising:

determining a mean field of the OAM light beam; and

determining the mean field of the OAM light beam modified by collision terms, wherein the collision terms describe scattering processes occurring responsive to collisions of photo-excited electrons.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of controlling further comprises determining an application of OAM from photons of the OAM light beam to the electrons of the semiconductor material by treating the semiconductor material as a bulk system, the step of determining further comprising:

imagining the semiconductor material as a cylinder;

quantizing electron states of the electrons in the semiconductor material in cylindrical coordinates;

determining a limit of a large system including the semiconductor material responsive to the quantized electron states.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of controlling further comprises determining an application of OAM from photons of the OAM light beam to the electrons of the semiconductor material by treating the semiconductor material as a bulk system, the step of determining further comprising:

determining generalized block states of electrons of the semiconductor material; and

predicting kinetics of electrons in the semiconductor material responsive to the generalized block states; and

determine electric currents of the electrons in the semiconductor material.

13. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of controlling further comprises controlling the transitions of the electrons between the quantized states within the semiconductor material using second quantization.

14. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of controlling further comprises controlling the transitions of the electrons between the quantized states within the semiconductor material using photon behavior modeled on Mojorana particles.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the step of controlling further comprises the step of braiding the electrons within the semiconductor material using photons within the OAM light beam modeled on the Mojorana particles, wherein information is stored within braided electrons.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the step of braiding further comprises the step of attaching a bottom row of a first braid to a top row of a second braid to form a group.

17. The method of claim 15, wherein the step of braiding is performed using a Y-junction in a cavity, wherein a Hamiltonian constructed from a rotating wave approximation couples electron states with photons in the cavity at a frequency of the cavity.

18. The method of claim 14, wherein the step of braiding is further responsive to temperature control and quaternionic algebra describing braiding states of the electrons.

19. A system for applying orbital angular momentum (OAM) to electrons of a semiconductor material, comprising:

a light source generator for generating a plane wave light beam;

orbital angular momentum (OAM) processing circuitry for applying at least one orbital angular momentum to the plan wave light beam to generate an OAM light beam, wherein the OAM processing circuitry controls transitions of electrons between quantized states within the semiconductor material responsive to the at least one orbital angular momentum applied to the plane wave light beam; and

a transmitter for transmitting the OAM light beam at the semiconductor material to induce the transitions of the electrons between the quantize states within the semiconductor material.

20. The system of claim 19, wherein the OAM processing circuitry controls a level of production of free carriers within the semiconductor material rather than excitons responsive to interaction of the OAM light beam with the semiconductor material.

21. The system of claim 19, wherein the OAM processing circuitry controls the transitions of the electrons between a first band and a second band within a 2-band model.

22. The system of claim 19, wherein the OAM of the OAM light beam is transferred from photons of the OAM light beam to the electrons of the semiconductor material.

23. The system of claim 22, wherein an electric current and a magnetic field are generated responsive to transfer of the OAM of the OAM light beam from the photons of the OAM light beam to the electrons of the semiconductor material.

24. The system of claim 19, wherein the OAM processing circuitry determines an application of OAM from photons of the OAM light beam to the electrons of the semiconductor material by treating the semiconductor material as a bulk system by determining generalized block states of electrons of the semiconductor material, predicting kinetics of electrons in the semiconductor material responsive to the generalized block states and determining electric currents of the electrons in the semiconductor material.

25. The system of claim 19, wherein the OAM processing circuitry controls the transitions of the electrons between the quantized states within the semiconductor material using second quantization.

26. The system of claim 19, wherein the OAM processing circuitry controls the transitions of the electrons between the quantized states within the semiconductor material using photon behavior modeled on Mojorana particles.

27. The system of claim 26, wherein the OAM processing circuitry braids electrons within the semiconductor material using photons within the OAM light beam modeled on the Mojorana particles, wherein information is stored within braided electrons.

28. The system of claim 27, wherein the OAM processing circuitry attaches a bottom row of a first braid to a top row of a second braid to form a group.

29. The system of claim 27, further comprising a Y-junction in a cavity for applying the transmitted OAM light beam to the semiconductor material, wherein a Hamiltonian constructed from a rotating wave approximation couples electron states with photons in the cavity at a frequency of the cavity.

30. The system of claim 27, wherein the OAM processing circuitry controls braiding responsive to temperature control and quaternionic algebra describes braiding states of the electrons.