Method and apparatus for control of switch mode power supplies utilizing magnetic and capacitive conversion means

• US 10,727,738 B2
• Filed: 08/17/2018
• Issued: 07/28/2020
• Est. Priority Date: 04/22/2015
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Sridhar V. Kotikalapoodi
• Original Assignee: Sridhar V. Kotikalapoodi
• Inventors: Kotikalapoodi, Sridhar V.
• Primary Examiner(s): Kessie, Daniel
• Assistant Examiner(s): Novak, Peter M
• Application Number:
  US16/104,634
• Publication Number:
  US 20180367033A1
• Time in Patent Office: 711 Days
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/0095 Hybrid converter topologies, e.g. NPC mixed with flying capacitor, thyristor converter mixed with MMC or charge pump mixed with buck
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/14 Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/07 using capacitors charged and discharged alternately by semiconductor devices with control electrode , e.g. charge pumps
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/072 adapted to generate an output voltage whose value is lower than the input voltage

Abstract

A Method and apparatus for control of switch mode power supplies utilizing magnetic and capacitive conversion means are disclosed. The switch mode power supply is efficient and generates very small inductor current ripple and output voltage ripple. The switch mode power supply has a wider bandwidth and the filter components including magnetic storage element and the output capacitor can be made much smaller. The capacitor voltages in the switched capacitor array are regulated by changing the amount of time the inductor current passes through them.

Claims

1. A power supply comprising:

a switched capacitor array comprising of switches and capacitors;

a first terminal of the switched capacitor array coupled to a first terminal of a magnetic storage element;

wherein the capacitors in the switched capacitor array are charged and discharged with a current flowing through the magnetic storage element;

wherein voltages on the capacitors in the switched capacitor array are regulated by changing a time duration of the current flowing through the capacitors in the switched capacitor array;

wherein the time duration is changed repetitively in steady state of operation by changing a time position of a leading edge of a first signal which turns on a first switch in the switched capacitor array wherein the turning on of the first switch in the switched capacitor array causes current in the magnetic storage element to increase.

2. The power supply of claim 1 wherein the voltages on the capacitors in the switched capacitor array are sensed to change the time duration.

3. The power supply of claim 1 wherein the time duration is further changed by changing a time position of a trailing edge of the first signal such that the total change in time duration is minimized.

4. The power supply of claim 1 wherein the power supply output voltage is regulated by changing a time position of a trailing edge of a second signal which turns off a second switch in the switched capacitor array wherein the turning off of the second switch in the switched capacitor array causes current in the magnetic storage element to decrease;

and

wherein the time duration of the second signal is not directly changed for the regulation of the voltages on the capacitors in the switched capacitor array.

5. A step-down power supply comprising:

a switched capacitor array comprising of switches and capacitors;

a first terminal of the switched capacitor array coupled to a first terminal of a magnetic storage element;

a second terminal of the switched capacitor array coupled to an input of the step-down power supply;

a second terminal of the magnetic storage element coupled to an output of the step-down power supply;

wherein the capacitors in the switched capacitor array are charged and discharged with a current flowing through the magnetic storage element;

wherein voltages on the capacitors in the switched capacitor array are regulated by changing a time duration of a current flowing through the capacitors in the switched capacitor array;

wherein the time duration is changed repetitively in steady state of operation by changing a time position of a leading edge of a first signal which turns on a first switch in the switched capacitor array wherein the turning on of the first switch in the switched capacitor array causes current in the magnetic storage element to increase.

6. A step-down power supply of claim 5 wherein the voltages on the capacitors in the switched capacitor array are a fraction of a voltage at the input of the step-down power supply.

7. The step-down power supply of claim 5 wherein the voltages on the capacitors in the switched capacitor array are sensed to change the time duration of the current flowing through the capacitors in the switched capacitor array.

8. The step-down power supply of claim 5 wherein the voltage at the output of the step-down power supply is regulated by changing a time position of a trailing edge of a second signal which turns off a second switch in the switched capacitor array wherein the turning off of the second switch in the switched capacitor array causes current in the magnetic storage element to decrease;

and

wherein a time duration of the second signal is not directly changed for regulation of the voltages on the capacitors in the switched capacitor array.

9. A step-up power supply comprising:

a switched capacitor array comprising of switches and capacitors;

a first terminal of the switched capacitor array coupled to a first terminal of a magnetic storage element;

a second terminal of the switched capacitor array coupled to an output of the step-up power supply;

a second terminal of the magnetic storage element coupled to an input of the step-up power supply;

wherein the capacitors in the switched capacitor array are charged and discharged with a current flowing through the magnetic storage element;

wherein voltages on the capacitors in the switched capacitor array are regulated by changing a time duration of a current flowing through the capacitors in the switched capacitor array;

wherein the time duration is changed repetitively in steady state of operation by changing a time position of a leading edge of a first signal which turns on a first switch in the switched capacitor array wherein the turning on of the first switch in the switched capacitor array causes current in the magnetic storage element to increase.

10. The step-up power supply of claim 9 wherein the voltages on the capacitors in the switched capacitor array are regulated to voltages which are a fraction of the voltage at the output of the step-up power supply.

11. The step-up power supply of claim 9 wherein the voltages on the capacitors in the switched capacitor array are sensed to change the time duration.

12. The step-up power supply of claim 9 wherein the voltage at the output of the step-up power supply is regulated by changing a time position of a trailing edge of a second signal which turns off a second switch in the switched capacitor array wherein the turning off of the second switch in the switched capacitor array causes current in the magnetic storage element to decrease;

and

wherein the time duration of the second signal is not directly changed for regulation of the voltages on the capacitors in the switched capacitor array.

13. A bidirectional power supply having a power supply output voltage, the bidirectional power supply comprising:

a switched capacitor array comprising of switches and capacitors;

a first terminal of the switched capacitor array coupled to a first terminal of a magnetic storage element;

wherein a control bit selects a direction of power conversion;

wherein the capacitors in the switched capacitor array are charged and discharged with a current flowing through the magnetic storage element;

wherein voltages on the capacitors in the switched capacitor array are regulated by changing a time duration of a current flowing through the capacitors in the switched capacitor array;

wherein the time duration is changed repetitively in steady state of operation by changing a time position of a leading edge of a first signal which turns on a first switch in the switched capacitor array wherein the turning on of the first switch in the switched capacitor array causes current in the magnetic storage element to increase.

14. The bidirectional power supply of claim 13 wherein the voltages on the capacitors in the switched capacitor array are a fraction of a voltage at a second terminal of the switched capacitor array wherein the second terminal of the switched capacitor array is an input of the bidirectional power supply when a step-down mode is selected or is an output of the bidirectional power supply when a step-up mode is selected.

15. The bidirectional power supply of claim 13 wherein a polarity of control signals controlling ON and OFF states of the switches in the switched capacitor array are reversed when a polarity of the control bit selecting the direction of power conversion is reversed.