Memory tests using item-specific weighted memory measurements and uses thereof
First Claim
1. A method for measuring memory in a subject, comprising the steps of:
- (a) assigning a separate weighted value to each item in a list of items to be recalled from memory;
(b) presenting the list of items to a subject;
(c) recording items recalled by the subject; and
(d) analyzing the assigned values of items recalled by the subject.
3 Assignments
0 Petitions
Accused Products
Abstract
This invention relates to a method for increasing the usefulness, sensitivity and specificity of tests that measure memory and facets of memory, including learning, retention, recall and/or recognition. Specifically, the sensitivity and specificity of such tests are enhanced by selectively weighting the value of specific items recalled by the test subject, either by weighting such items within any specific testing trial or across numerous testing trials. Also disclosed are various methods of reducing ceiling effects in memory tests. The invention also provides improved tests which employ item-specific weighting for the diagnosis of Alzheimer'"'"'s Disease and other dementia characterized by memory impairment, as well as a method of screening for and evaluating the efficacy of potential therapeutics directed to the treatment of such dementia.
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Citations
56 Claims
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1. A method for measuring memory in a subject, comprising the steps of:
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(a) assigning a separate weighted value to each item in a list of items to be recalled from memory;
(b) presenting the list of items to a subject;
(c) recording items recalled by the subject; and
(d) analyzing the assigned values of items recalled by the subject. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)
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10. A method for measuring memory in a subject, comprising the steps of:
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(a) presenting to a subject a list of items to be recalled from memory by the subject;
(b) recording items recalled by the subject;
(c) assigning a separate weighted value to each item recalled by the subject; and
(d) analyzing the assigned values of items recalled by the subject. - View Dependent Claims (11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47)
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19. A method for measuring memory in a subject, comprising the steps of:
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(a) presenting a list of items to a subject to be recalled from memory by the subject;
(b) recording items recalled by the subject;
(c) assigning a separate weighted value to each item recalled by the subject, wherein the value for each item is weighted according to the period of retention of the item by the subject before recall; and
(d) analyzing the assigned values of items recalled by the subject.
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27. A method for measuring memory in a subject, comprising the steps of:
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(a) in a first trial, presenting a list of items to a subject to be recalled from memory by the subject;
(b) recording items that are recalled by the subject from memory;
(c) repeating the steps of (a) and (b) at least two more times;
(d) assigning a separate weighted value to each item recalled by the subject from memory in each trial; and
(e) analyzing the assigned values of the items recalled by the subject.
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36. A method for measuring memory in a subject, comprising the steps of:
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(a) in a first trial, presenting a list of items to a subject to be recalled from memory by the subject;
(b) recording items that are recalled by the subject from memory;
(c) in a second trial, presenting to the subject items not recalled by the subject from memory in the first trial;
(d) recording all items recalled by the subject from memory;
(e) assigning a separate weighted value to each item recalled by the subject from memory in each trial; and
(f) analyzing the assigned values of the items recalled by the subject.
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48. A method of screening agents directed to the treatment or prevention of dementia characterized by memory impairment, comprising the steps of:
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(a) administering a conventional serial processing memory test to members of a control group;
(b) providing a selected agent to members of a test group and administering a serial processing memory test to members of the test group;
(c) generating serial position curves for each group using the results of the serial processing memory tests;
(d) selectively weighting items of the serial position curves to generate weighted serial position curves; and
(e) determining the effect of the selected agent on the test group by analyzing the serial position curves of the control group and the test group.
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49. A method of screening agents directed to the treatment or prevention of dementia characterized by memory impairment, comprising the steps of:
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(a) administering a conventional serial processing memory test to members of a group;
(b) providing a selected agent to members of the group and again administering the conventional serial processing memory test to members of the group;
(c) generating serial position curves for the group using results of the serial processing memory tests before and after providing the selected agent;
(d) selectively weighting items of the serial position curves to generate weighted serial position curves; and
(e) determining the effect of the selected agent by analyzing the serial position curves before and after administration of the selected agent.
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50. A method of reducing ceiling effects in serial processing memory tests, comprising introducing an interference delay between (a) presentation of a list of items to a subject wherein said items are to be recalled from memory by the subject and (b) first recall of the items by the subject from memory.
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51. A method of reducing ceiling effects in serial processing memory tests using free and cued recall, comprising scoring the test by selectively weighting the value of each item recalled by the subject without presentation of a cue.
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52. A method for measuring memory in a subject, comprising the steps of:
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(a) serially presenting to a subject a list of items to be recalled from memory together with an associated cue for each item, where each cue is a common adjective describing the associated item;
(b) serially presenting to the subject the associated cue for each item to be recalled from memory by the subject, where the cues are serially presented in reverse order than the initial presentation order in step (a);
(c) recording each item recalled by the subject after presentation of the associated cue;
(d) assigning a separate weighted value to each item recalled by the subject, wherein the value for each item is weighted according to the period of retention of the item by the subject before recall; and
(e) analyzing the assigned values of items recalled by the subject. - View Dependent Claims (53, 54, 55, 56)
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Specification