Repositioner for head, neck, and body

• US 20020016600A1
• Filed: 08/29/2001
• Published: 02/07/2002
• Est. Priority Date: 01/31/1995
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Eric R. Cosman
• Original Assignee: Eric R. Cosman
• Inventors: Cosman, Eric R.
• Application Number:
  US09/942,291
• Publication Number:
  US 20020016600A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 606/130
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/2055 Optical tracking systems
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/2072 Reference field transducer attached to an instrument or patient
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/363 Use of fiducial points
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/3983 Reference marker arrangements for use with image guided surgery
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 34/20 Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/0421 with immobilising means
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 90/14 Fixators for body parts, e.g. skull clamps; Constructional details of fixators, e.g. pins
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 90/16 Bite blocks
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 2005/105 using a laser alignment system
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 2005/1059 using cameras imaging the patient
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 2005/1061 using an x-ray imaging system having a separate imaging source
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 2005/1097 Means for immobilizing the patient
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 5/10 X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy A61N5/01 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 5/1049 for verifying the position of the patient with respect to the radiation beam
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 5/1069 Target adjustment, e.g. moving the patient support

Abstract

For repeat localization and immobilization of the head, neck and/or torso of a patient'"'"'s body, immobilizing structures are used to secure the head and the neck and torso in a relative orientation in the position and relative orientation. A reference structure determines the relative position of the head and neck or torso so that the same configuration of these portions of the body can be achieved on a scanner couch or treatment machine couch repeatedly. Several forms of head and neck or torso immobilizers accommodate specific objectives and several forms of reference structures accomplish repositioning and patient position orientation.

Claims

1. A system for locating repeatedly the head of a patient and the neck or torso of said patient, comprising:

a. a head immobilizer to immobilize said head in a head position; and

,

b. a reference structure to determine a relative position of said neck or torso with respect to said head position, whereby said head can be repeatedly placed in said head position, and said neck or torso can be repeatedly placed in said reference position.

2. The system of claim 1 wherein said head immobilizer comprises a dental impression of said teeth of said patient.

3. The system of claim 1 wherein said head immobilizer comprises a mold of a portion of said head of said patient.

4. The system of claim 1 wherein said reference structure comprises a frame that can be attached to said head immobilizer in a determined position with respect to said head position, and having an indexing gauge to determine the position of said neck or torso with respect to said frame.

5. The system of claim 4 wherein said frame comprises at least one depth probe hole through which a depth probe can be passed to determine the distance of said frame to said neck or torso of said patient.

6. The system of claim 1 wherein said reference structure comprises at least one laser beam which can be directed at a known point on said head when placed in said head position, and can be directed at a known point on said neck or torso.

7. The system of claim 1 and further comprising an adjustment positioner to adjust the position of said head with respect to said neck or torso to bring said neck or torso into said relative position with respect to said head position repeatedly.

8. The system of claim 7 wherein said adjustment positioner comprises translation and/or rotation positioning structures to translate or rotate said head with respect to said neck or torso.

9. The system of claim 1 wherein said head immobilizer comprises a couch head immobilizer to immobilize said head in said head position with respect to a couch of a scanner/treatment apparatus, and said reference structure enables repeat positioning of said neck or torso in said relative position with respect to said head position.

10. The system of claim 9 wherein said scanner/treatment apparatus is a CT scanner and wherein said reference structure comprises graphic reference structures to develop image data from a CT scan of said head or said neck or torso to relate the positions of anatomical structures of said head and said neck or torso to the position of said reference structure.

11. The apparatus of claim 9 wherein said scanner/treatment apparatus is a radiation therapy apparatus producing beams of radiation, and said reference structure comprises beam guidance structures to guide said beams to targets within said head and/or said neck or torso according to a treatment plan.

12. The system of claim 9, 10, or 11 wherein said head immobilizer comprises an over-arm that is positioned over said head and in immobilizing contact with said head and wherein said head immobilizer is configured to provide open access to the sides of the head.

13. The system of claim 1 and further comprising a head or torso adjustment positioner to adjust the position of said neck or torso with respect to said head position to bring said neck or torso into said relative position with respect to said head position repeatedly.

15. The system of claim 13 wherein said reference structure is a mechanical frame having a gauge that provides positional data of said mechanical frame with respect to said head and with respect to said neck or torso, whereby said positional data can be used to repeatedly establish said relative position.

16. The system of claim 14 wherein said mechanical frame comprises at least one depth probe hole through which a depth probe can be passed to determine the position of said mechanical frame to at least one point on said body.

17. The system of claim 13 wherein said reference structure comprises at least one laser beam which can be directed at at least one known point on said body.

18. The system of claim 13 wherein said head immobilizer and said shoulder immobilizer comprise a mold of said head and said neck or torso.

20. The system of claim 1 or 14 wherein said reference structure comprises at least one camera view of the patient'"'"'s body and light detectable index markers on said head and neck or torso to determine said relative position.

14. A system for locating repeatedly the head of a patient and the neck or torso of said patient, comprising:

a. a head immobilizer to immobilize said head;

b. a shoulder immobilizer to immobilize the shoulders of said patient and therefore to immobilize said neck or torso of said patient with respect to said head;

c. a reference structure positioned with respect to the body of said patient that provides data on the position of said head with respect to said neck or torso so that the relative position of said head with respect to said neck or torso can be determined.

19. A process for repeat positioning of the head and neck or torso of a patient comprising the steps of;

a. placing said patient on a CT scanner couch and positioning said head and said neck or torso of said patient in a position with respect to a reference structure that determines the relative position of said head with respect to said neck or torso;

b. CT scanning of said patient in said position by a CT scanner;

c. planning target structures in said patient to be irradiated by beams from a treatment machine and planning beam dosage to said target structures from said treatment planning machine;

d. placing said patient on a couch of said treatment planning machine and repositioning said head and said neck or torso in said position with respect to said reference structure or similar reference structure as said reference structure so that said head is in said same reference position with respect to said neck or torso as during said CT scanning step;

e. aligning said treatment machine to said head and neck or torso so that said target structures are in a determined position with respect to said beam from said treatment machine; and

,

f. irradiating said target structure with said beam according to said step of planning said beam dose.