Amine organoborane complex polymerization initiators and polymerizable compositions
First Claim
1. A method of polymerization comprising contacting the components of the polymerizable composition of a) an organoborane/amine complex wherein the organoborane is a trialkyl borane or an alkyl cycloalkyl borane and the amine is selected from the group of amines having an amidine structural component;
- aliphatic heterocycles having at least one nitrogen in the heterocyclic ring wherein the heterocyclic compound may also contain one or more nitrogen atoms, oxygen atoms, sulfur atoms, or double bonds in the heterocycle;
an alicyclic compound having bound to the ring a substituent having an amine moiety wherein the alicyclic compound may have a second substituent which can contain one or more nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur atoms and/or one or two double bonds;
primary amines which in addition to a primary amine have one or more hydrogen bond accepting groups of an ether, polyether, thioether or halogen wherein there is an alkylene chain of at least two carbon atoms between the primary amine and the hydrogen bond accepting group; and
conjugated imines; and
, b) one or more of monomers, oligomers or polymers having olefinic unsaturation which is capable of polymerization by free radical polymerization;
c) an effective amount of a compound which causes the complex to disassociate freeing the borane to initiate polymerization of the one or more monomers, oligomers or polymers having olefinic unsaturation;
wherein the compound which causes disassociation of the complex is kept separate from the complex until initiation of polymerization is desired under conditions such that the one or more monomers, oligomers, or polymers undergo polymerization.
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Abstract
The invention is a method of polymerization comprising contacting the components of the polymerizable composition of
a) an organoborane/amine complex wherein the amine is selected from the group of amines having an amidine structural component; aliphatic heterocycles having at least one nitrogen in the heterocyclic ring; an alicyclic compound having bound to the ring a substituent having an amine moiety; primary amines which in addition to a primary amine have one or more hydrogen bond accepting groups of an ether, polyether, thioether or halogen wherein there is an alkylene chain of at least two carbon atoms between the primary amine and the hydrogen bond accepting group; and conjugated imines;
b) one or more of monomers, oligomers or polymers having olefinic unsaturation; and
c) in the presence of an effective amount of a compound which causes the complex to disassociate or at a temperature at which causes the complex to disassociate.
43 Citations
23 Claims
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1. A method of polymerization comprising contacting the components of the polymerizable composition of
a) an organoborane/amine complex wherein the organoborane is a trialkyl borane or an alkyl cycloalkyl borane and the amine is selected from the group of amines having an amidine structural component; - aliphatic heterocycles having at least one nitrogen in the heterocyclic ring wherein the heterocyclic compound may also contain one or more nitrogen atoms, oxygen atoms, sulfur atoms, or double bonds in the heterocycle;
an alicyclic compound having bound to the ring a substituent having an amine moiety wherein the alicyclic compound may have a second substituent which can contain one or more nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur atoms and/or one or two double bonds;
primary amines which in addition to a primary amine have one or more hydrogen bond accepting groups of an ether, polyether, thioether or halogen wherein there is an alkylene chain of at least two carbon atoms between the primary amine and the hydrogen bond accepting group; and
conjugated imines; and
,b) one or more of monomers, oligomers or polymers having olefinic unsaturation which is capable of polymerization by free radical polymerization;
c) an effective amount of a compound which causes the complex to disassociate freeing the borane to initiate polymerization of the one or more monomers, oligomers or polymers having olefinic unsaturation;
wherein the compound which causes disassociation of the complex is kept separate from the complex until initiation of polymerization is desired under conditions such that the one or more monomers, oligomers, or polymers undergo polymerization. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23)
- aliphatic heterocycles having at least one nitrogen in the heterocyclic ring wherein the heterocyclic compound may also contain one or more nitrogen atoms, oxygen atoms, sulfur atoms, or double bonds in the heterocycle;
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12. A process for polymerizing the composition comprising
a) an organoborane/amine complex wherein the organoborane is a trialkyl borane or an alkyl cycloalkyl borane and the amine is selected from the group of amines having an amidine structural component; - aliphatic heterocycles having at least one nitrogen in the heterocyclic ring wherein the heterocyclic compound may also contain one or more nitrogen atoms, oxygen atoms, sulfur atoms, or double bonds in the heterocycle;
an alicyclic compound having bound to the ring a substituent having an amine moiety wherein the alicyclic compound may have a second substituent which can contain one or more nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur atoms and/or one or two double bonds;
primary amines which in addition to a primary amine have one or more hydrogen bond accepting groups of an ether, polyether, thioether or halogen wherein there is an alkylene chain of at least two carbon atoms between the primary amine and the hydrogen bond accepting group; and
conjugated imines; and
,b) one or more of monomers, oligomers or polymers having olefinic unsaturation which is capable of polymerization by free radical polymerization;
which process comprises heating the composition to a temperature at or above the temperature at which the organoborane-amine complex disassociates.
- aliphatic heterocycles having at least one nitrogen in the heterocyclic ring wherein the heterocyclic compound may also contain one or more nitrogen atoms, oxygen atoms, sulfur atoms, or double bonds in the heterocycle;
Specification