Bi-cortical dental implant

• US 20020031747A1
• Filed: 08/09/2001
• Published: 03/14/2002
• Est. Priority Date: 09/09/2000
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Advanced Dental Engineering Limited
• Original Assignee: Advanced Dental Engineering Limited
• Inventors: Laster, Zvi, Baruc, Daniel, Girshovich, Simon
• Granted Patent: US 6,450,812 B1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 433/173
• CPC Class Codes: A61C 1/084 of implanting tools
• CPC Class Codes: A61C 8/0009 Consolidating prostheses or implants, e.g. by means of stabilising pins A61C8/0031 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61C 8/001 Multiple implanting technique, i.e. multiple component implants introduced in the jaw from different directions

Abstract

A dental implant which contains a bi-cortical anchor apparatus for insertion into a jawbone, the anchor apparatus including a tool receptor for interacting with a tool which facilitates insertion of the apparatus. An implant member arranged for insertion into a jawbone, the member containing a cervix to secure a dental prosthesis and a through conduit to support an anchor apparatus. A complementary system including an implant member and a template, the latter meshing with and helping align the implant member. A method for inserting the implant member into a bore in the jawbone. The method includes drilling a channel in the jawbone through a drill-bit guide channel and inserting a bi-cortical anchor apparatus through the channel and through a conduit of an implant member, anchoring at least two portions of the anchor apparatus.

Claims

1. Bi-cortical anchor apparatus, arranged for insertion into a jawbone, from a proximal cortical plate towards a distal cortical plate, said bi-cortical anchor apparatus including:

a distal portion, having a distal effective diameter and a distal surface, operable to bite into and engage with virgin tissue of the distal cortical plate, and anchor tightly, thereto;

a mid portion, having a mid-portion effective diameter and a mid-portion surface, operable to support an implant member without locking thereto;

a proximal portion, having a proximal effective diameter, which is somewhat larger than both said distal and mid-portion effective diameters, and having a proximal surface which is operable to bite into and engage with virgin tissue of the proximal cortical plate, and anchor tightly, thereto; and

a tool receptor, at the proximal-most end of said proximal portion, for interacting with a tool, to facilitate the insertion of said apparatus.

2. Bi-cortical anchor apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said mid portion and said distal portion are machined as a single portion and have the same surface and the same diameter.

3. Bi-cortical anchor apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said mid portion includes a smooth surface.

4. Bi-cortical anchor apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said distal surface which is operable to bite into and engage with the virgin tissue of the distal cortical plate and anchor tightly thereto, is a threaded surface, having at least one complete revolution.

5. Bi-cortical anchor apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said proximal surface which is operable to bite into and engage with the virgin tissue of the proximal cortical plate and anchor tightly thereto, is a threaded surface, having at least one complete revolution.

6. Bi-cortical anchor apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said distal surface which is operable to bite into and engage with the virgin tissue of the distal cortical plate and anchor tightly thereto, is a tapping tool surface.

7. Bi-cortical anchor apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said proximal surface which is operable to bite into and engage with the virgin tissue of the proximal cortical plate and anchor tightly thereto, is a tapping-tool surface.

8. Bi-cortical anchor apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the diametric increase between said mid portion and proximal effective diameters is gradual.

9. Bi-cortical anchor apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said bi-cortical anchor apparatus completely penetrates the distal cortical plate, while anchoring thereto, so as to be flush with the external surface of the distal cortical plate.

10. Bi-cortical anchor apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said bi-cortical anchor apparatus partially penetrates the distal cortical plate, while anchoring thereto.

11. Bi-cortical anchor apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said bi-cortical anchor apparatus is arranged for insertion, so as to be flush with the external surface of the proximal cortical plate.

12. Bi-cortical anchor apparatus according to claim 1 and further including a head at the proximal-most end, external to the proximal cortical plate, wherein said head includes said tool receptor.

13. Bi-cortical anchor apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said tool receptor is arranged to interact with a tool selected from a group which consists of an Ellen key, a screw driver and a wrench.

14. Bi-cortical anchor apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said tool receptor is a threaded internal cervix, arranged to interact with a tool, having:

proximal and distal portions with respect to the operator;

a threaded surface, at said distal portion, which complements said threaded internal cervix;

a finger-gripping portion at said proximal portion; and

a stem, connecting said proximal and distal portions,

wherein said tool is operable to guide said apparatus through a template drill-bit guide channel.

15. Bi-cortical anchor apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said tool receptor is arranged to interact with a tool, which is operable to guide said apparatus through a template drill-bit guide channel.

16. Bi-cortical anchor apparatus according to claim 1, which is provided in a range of lengths, to accommodate jawbones of different widths.

17. Bi-cortical anchor apparatus according to claim 1, which is provided in a range of effective diameters, for effective diameters selected from a group which consists of said distal effective diameter, said mid-portion effective diameter and said proximal effective diameter.

19. An implant member according to claim 18, wherein said through conduit has a smooth internal surface.

20. An implant member according to claim 18, wherein said implant member defines a z-axis along the vertical axis of the tooth, an x-axis, in any one of the buccal to lingual and buccal to palatal directions, and a y-axis, perpendicular to the x- and z-axes, and wherein said through conduit is slanted with respect to an axis selected from a group which consists of said z-axis, said x-axis and said y-axis.

21. An implant member according to claim 18, wherein said through conduit is an open through conduit.

22. An implant member according to claim 18, arranged for insertion to a depth in a range between 4 and 18 mm.

23. An implant member according to claim 18, arranged for insertion to a depth of 5-7 mm.

24. An implant member according to claim 18 and further including a threaded external surface for self-tapping an internal thread into the bone tissue, during insertion.

25. An implant member according to claim 18, arranged as a maxillary implant member, which reaches into the sinus cavity.

26. An implant member according to claim 18, and further including a mini-plate, to increase the anchoring of bi-cortical anchor apparatus to the proximal cortical plate.

27. An implant member according to claim 26 and further including at least one screw, to increase the anchoring of the mini-plate to the proximal cortical plate.

28. An implant member according to claim 18 and further including a complementary template for guiding a drill bit from the proximal cortical plate into said through conduit.

30. Bi-cortical anchor apparatus according to claim 29, wherein said mid-portion and said distal portion are machined as a single portion and have the same surface and the same effective diameter.

31. Bi-cortical anchor apparatus according to claim 29, wherein said mid-portion includes a smooth surface.

32. Bi-cortical anchor apparatus according to claim 29, wherein said proximal and distal effective diameters are substantially the same, and wherein said mid-portion effective diameter is somewhat smaller.

33. Bi-cortical anchor apparatus according to claim 29, wherein said distal surface which is operable to bite into and engage with the tissue of the distal cortical plate and anchor tightly thereto, is a threaded surface, having at least one complete revolution.

34. Bi-cortical anchor apparatus according to claim 29, wherein said proximal surface which is operable to bite into and engage with the tissue of the proximal cortical plate and anchor tightly thereto, is a threaded surface, having at least one complete revolution.

35. Bi-cortical anchor apparatus according to claim 29, wherein said distal surface which is operable to bite into and engage with the tissue of the distal cortical plate and anchor tightly thereto, is a tapping tool surface.

36. Bi-cortical anchor apparatus according to claim 29, wherein said proximal surface which is operable to bite into and engage with the tissue of the proximal cortical plate and anchor tightly thereto, is a tapping tool surface.

37. Bi-cortical anchor apparatus according to claim 29, wherein said bi-cortical anchor apparatus completely penetrates the distal cortical plate, while anchoring thereto, so as to be flush with the external surface of the distal cortical plate.

38. Bi-cortical anchor apparatus according to claim 29, wherein said bi-cortical anchor apparatus partially penetrates the distal cortical plate, while anchoring thereto.

39. Bi-cortical anchor apparatus, according to claim 29, wherein said bi-cortical anchor apparatus is arranged for insertion, so as to be flush with the external surface of the proximal cortical plate.

40. Bi-cortical anchor apparatus, according to claim 29 and further including a head at the proximal-most end, external to the proximal cortical plate, wherein said head includes said tool receptor.

41. Bi-cortical anchor apparatus, according to claim 29, wherein said tool receptor is arranged to interact with a tool selected from a group which consists of an Ellen key, a screw driver and a wrench.

42. Bi-cortical anchor apparatus, according to claim 29, wherein said tool receptor is a threaded internal cervix, arranged to interact with a tool, having:

proximal and distal portions with respect to the operator;

a threaded surface, at said distal portion, which complements said threaded internal cervix;

a finger-gripping portion at said proximal portion; and

a stem, connecting said proximal and distal portions,

wherein said tool is operable to guide said apparatus through a template drill-bit guide channel.

43. Bi-cortical anchor apparatus according to claim 29, wherein said tool receptor is arranged to interact with a tool, which is operable to guide said apparatus through a template drill-bit guide channel.

44. Bi-cortical anchor apparatus according to claim 29, which is provided in a range of lengths, to accommodate jawbones of different widths.

45. Bi-cortical anchor apparatus according to claim 29, which is provided in a range of effective diameters, for effective diameters selected from a group which consists of said distal effective diameter, said mid-portion effective diameter and said proximal effective diameter.

47. An implant member according to claim 46, wherein said through conduit has a smooth internal surface.

48. An implant member according to claim 46, wherein said implant member defines a z-axis along the vertical axis of a tooth, an x-axis, in any one of the buccal to lingual and buccal to palatal directions, and a y-axis, perpendicular to the x- and z-axes, and wherein said through conduit is slanted with respect to an axis selected from a group which consists of said z-axis, said x-axis and said y-axis.

49. An implant member according to claim 46, wherein said through conduit is an open through conduit.

50. An implant member according to claim 46, arranged for insertion to a depth in a range between 4 and 18 mm.

51. An implant member according to claim 46, arranged for insertion to a depth of 5-7 mm.

52. An implant member according to claim 46 and further including a threaded external surface for self-tapping an internal thread into the bone tissue, during insertion.

53. An implant member according to claim 46, arranged as a maxillary implant member, which reaches into the sinus cavity.

54. An implant member according to claim 46 and further including a mini-plate, to increase the anchoring of bi-cortical anchor apparatus to the proximal cortical plate.

55. An implant member according to claim 54 and further including at least one screw, to increase the anchoring of the mini-plate to the proximal cortical plate.

56. An implant member according to claim 46 and further including a complementary template for guiding a drill bit from the proximal cortical plate, into said through conduit.

58. A complementary system, according to claim 57, wherein said drill-bit guide channel is further operative to guide bi-cortical anchor apparatus for insertion into the jawbone.

59. A complementary system, according to claim 57, wherein said portion which protrudes from the jawbone is a mount that is provided with the implant member.

60. A complementary system, according to claim 57, wherein said portion, which protrudes from the jawbone, is a superstructure of the implant member.

61. A complementary system, according to claim 57 and further including a slide mechanism for adjusting to jawbones of different widths.

62. A complementary system, according to claim 57 and further including at least one spike arranged for piercing a cortical plate selected from a group which consists of said distal cortical plate and said proximal cortical plate, for increasing the hold on the jawbone.

63. A complementary system, according to claim 57, wherein said at least one spike includes a plurality of spikes.

64. A complementary system, according to claim 57, wherein said drill-bit-channel housing is formed as a hollow bolt, arranged to selectably press against said proximal cortical plate.

65. A complementary system, according to claim 64 wherein said drill-bit guide channel, located within said hollow bolt, is further operative to guide bi-cortical anchor apparatus for insertion into the jawbone.

66. A complementary system, according to claim 57, wherein said distal vertical section, running generally along said distal cortical plate of the jawbone, operative to press against it, is a leaf spring.

67. A complementary system, according to claim 57, and further including a ratchet, which is arranged to clamp said template and said distal cortical plate wherein said distal vertical section, running generally along said distal cortical plate of the jawbone, operative to press against it, is a distal prong of said ratchet.

68. A complementary system, according to claim 67, wherein said ratchet further includes a locking mechanism, arranged for jawbones of different widths.

69. A complementary system, according to claim 67, wherein said ratchet is a three prong ratchet, having two proximal prongs, to the left and to the right of said drill-bit guide channel housing, along said y-axis, and having a single distal prong.

70. A complementary system, according to claim 57, wherein said implant member is in accordance with claim 18.

71. A complementary system, according to claim 57, wherein said implant member is in accordance with claim 46.

18. An implant member arranged for insertion into a jawbone along a vertical axis of a tooth, said implant member including:

near and far portions;

a cervix, at said near portion, arranged to secure a dental prosthesis thereto;

a through conduit, at said far portion, arranged to support bi-cortical anchor apparatus, without locking thereto, separated from said cervix with a solid barrier, which acts as a bacteria barrier; and

said bi-cortical anchor apparatus, arranged for insertion into a jawbone, from a proximal cortical plate towards a distal cortical plate, said bi-cortical anchor apparatus including;

a distal portion, having a distal effective diameter and a distal surface, operable to bite into and engage with virgin tissue of the distal cortical plate, and anchor tightly, thereto;

a mid-portion having a mid-portion effective diameter and a mid-portion surface, operable to support said implant member without locking thereto;

a proximal portion, having a proximal effective diameter, which is somewhat larger than both said distal and mid-portion effective diameters, and having a proximal surface which is operable to bite into and engage with virgin tissue of the proximal cortical plate, and anchor tightly, thereto; and

a tool receptor, at the proximal-most end of said proximal portion, for interacting with a tool, to facilitate the insertion of said apparatus.

29. Bi-cortical anchor apparatus, arranged for insertion into a jawbone, from a proximal cortical plate towards a distal cortical plate, said bi-cortical anchor apparatus including:

a distal portion, having a distal effective diameter and a distal surface, operable to bite into and engage with a tissue of the distal cortical plate, and anchor tightly, thereto;

a mid portion, having a mid-portion effective diameter and a mid-portion surface, operable to support an implant member without locking thereto;

a proximal portion, having a proximal effective diameter and a proximal surface which is operable to bite into and engage with a tissue of the proximal cortical plate, and anchor tightly, thereto; and

a tool receptor, at the proximal-most end of said proximal portion, for interacting with a tool, to facilitate the insertion of said apparatus.

46. An implant member, arranged for insertion into a jawbone, said implant member including:

near and far portions;

a cervix, at said near portion, arranged to secure a dental prosthesis thereto;

a through conduit, at said far portion, arranged to support bi-cortical anchor apparatus, without locking thereto, separated from said cervix with a solid barrier, which acts as a bacteria barrier; and

said bi-cortical anchor apparatus, arranged for insertion into a jawbone, from a proximal cortical plate towards a distal cortical plate, said bi-cortical anchor apparatus including;

a distal portion, having a distal effective diameter and a distal surface, operable to bite into and engage with a tissue of the distal cortical plate, and anchor tightly, thereto;

a mid-portion, having a mid-portion effective diameter and a mid-portion surface, operable to support an implant member without locking thereto;

a proximal portion, having a proximal effective diameter and a proximal surface which is operable to bite into and engage with a tissue of the proximal cortical plate, and anchor tightly, thereto; and

a tool receptor, at the proximal-most end of said proximal portion, for interacting with a tool, to facilitate the insertion of said apparatus.

57. A complementary system, which includes:

an implant member, having;

a portion which protrudes from the jawbone, when said implant member is installed in the jawbone; and

a through conduit at a far portion with respect to an operator, invisible to the operator, when said implant member is installed in the jawbone; and

a template, having;

a distal vertical section, running generally along a distal cortical plate of the jawbone, operative to press against the distal cortical plate;

a proximal vertical section, running generally along a proximal cortical plate of the jawbone, which includes;

a drill-bit-channel housing; and

a drill-bit guide channel, located within said drill-bit-channel housing; and

a lateral section, arranged to mesh with said portion of said implant member which protrudes from the jawbone, thus aligning said drill-bit guide channel with said through conduit of said implant member.

72. A method of installing an implant member which includes:

drilling a bore from bone crest into the jawbone;

inserting an implant member, having a through conduit, into the bore;

positioning a template, while meshing a lateral section of the template with a portion of the implant member which protrudes from the jaw, thus aligning a drill-bit guide channel with the through conduit of the implant member;

drilling a channel in the jawbone, through the drill-bit guide channel of the template;

inserting bi-cortical anchor apparatus from the proximal cortical plate, through the bone channel and then through conduit of the implant member, towards the distal cortical plate, for bi-cortical retention, while self-tapping an internal thread into the bone channel;

anchoring the distal portion of the bi-cortical anchor apparatus, by biting into tissue of the distal cortical plate and engaging thereto; and

anchoring the proximal portion of the bi-cortical anchor apparatus by biting into tissue of the proximal cortical plate and engaging thereto.

73. A method according to claim 72 wherein said step of positioning further includes pressing a hollow bolt, which houses the drill-bit guide channel against the proximal cortical plate.

74. A method according to claim 72 wherein said step of inserting bi-cortical anchor apparatus further includes inserting through the drill-bit guide channel, without moving the template between said step of drilling a channel in the jawbone and said step of inserting bi-cortical anchor apparatus.

75. A method according to claim 72, wherein clamping the jawbone between proximal and distal vertical sections of a template further includes clamping between a proximal vertical section of the template and at least one distal leaf spring.

76. A method according to claim 72, wherein clamping the jawbone between proximal and distal vertical sections of a template further includes clamping with a ratchet.

77. A method according to claim 72, wherein clamping the jawbone between proximal and distal vertical sections of a template further includes piercing at least one cortical plate with spikes.

78. A method according to claim 72 and further including employing a mini-plate to increase the anchoring of bi-cortical anchor apparatus to the proximal cortical plate.

79. A method according to claim 72, wherein drilling a bore from bone crest into the jawbone further includes drilling a bore from bone crest into the sinus cavity.

80. A method according to claim 72 and further including employing a mini-plate, to increase the anchoring of bi-cortical anchor apparatus to the proximal cortical plate.

81. A method according to claim 80 and further including employing at least one screw to increase the anchoring of the mini-plate to the proximal cortical plate.

82. A method according to claim 72 and further including adjusting to jawbones of different widths.