Gas cluster ion beam size diagnostics and workpiece processing
First Claim
1. An apparatus for gas cluster ion beam (GCIB) mass or cluster size diagnostics for improving GCIB workpiece processing, comprising:
- a vacuum vessel;
a gas cluster ion beam source within the vacuum vessel for producing a gas cluster ion beam;
an accelerator for accelerating the gas cluster ion beam along a first trajectory;
a beam deflector for controllably deflecting the gas cluster ion beam along a second trajectory, said second trajectory diverging from said first trajectory by a predetermined offset angle;
beam detection means disposed along said first trajectory at a predetermined distance, D, from said beam deflector;
workpiece holding means disposed along the second trajectory for holding a workpiece for gas cluster ion beam processing;
control means for providing deflection signals to said beam deflector for controllably deflecting the gas cluster ion beam between said first trajectory and said second trajectory;
time-of-flight measurement means for measuring the times-of-flight of components of the gas cluster ion beam over said distance, D; and
a time-of-flight analyzer to analyze said times of flight of components of the gas cluster ion beam in order to provide output information relative to GCIB mass or cluster size;
wherein said output information is used in the gas cluster ion beam processing of the workpiece.
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Abstract
The invention provides methods and apparatus for measuring the distribution of cluster ion sizes in a gas cluster ion beam (GCIB) and for determining the mass distribution and mass flow of cluster ions in a GCIB processing system without necessitating the rejection of a portion of the beam through magnetic or electrostatic mass analysis. The invention uses time-of-flight measurement to estimate or monitor cluster ion size distribution either before or during processing of a workpiece. The measured information is displayed and incorporated in automated control of a GCIB processing system.
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Citations
34 Claims
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1. An apparatus for gas cluster ion beam (GCIB) mass or cluster size diagnostics for improving GCIB workpiece processing, comprising:
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a vacuum vessel;
a gas cluster ion beam source within the vacuum vessel for producing a gas cluster ion beam;
an accelerator for accelerating the gas cluster ion beam along a first trajectory;
a beam deflector for controllably deflecting the gas cluster ion beam along a second trajectory, said second trajectory diverging from said first trajectory by a predetermined offset angle;
beam detection means disposed along said first trajectory at a predetermined distance, D, from said beam deflector;
workpiece holding means disposed along the second trajectory for holding a workpiece for gas cluster ion beam processing;
control means for providing deflection signals to said beam deflector for controllably deflecting the gas cluster ion beam between said first trajectory and said second trajectory;
time-of-flight measurement means for measuring the times-of-flight of components of the gas cluster ion beam over said distance, D; and
a time-of-flight analyzer to analyze said times of flight of components of the gas cluster ion beam in order to provide output information relative to GCIB mass or cluster size;
wherein said output information is used in the gas cluster ion beam processing of the workpiece. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
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11. An apparatus for gas cluster ion beam (GCIB) mass or cluster size diagnostics for improving GCIB workpiece processing, comprising:
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a vacuum vessel;
a gas cluster ion beam source within the vacuum vessel for producing a gas cluster ion beam;
an accelerator for accelerating said gas cluster ion beam along a first trajectory;
a beam deflector for controllably deflecting the gas cluster ion beam along a second trajectory said second trajectory diverging from said first trajectory by a predetermined first offset angle, and for controllably deflecting the gas cluster ion beam along a third trajectory, said third trajectory diverging from said second trajectory by a predetermined second offset angle greater than said predetermined first offset angle;
beam detection means disposed along the third trajectory at a predetermined distance, D, from the beam deflector;
workpiece holding means disposed along said second trajectory for holding a workpiece for gas cluster ion beam processing;
control means for providing deflection signals for controllably deflecting the gas cluster ion beam between said second trajectory and said third trajectory;
time-of-flight measurement means for measuring the times-of-flight of components of the gas cluster ion beam over said distance, D; and
a time-of-flight analyzer to analyze said times of flight of components of the gas cluster ion beam in order to provide output information relative to GCIB mass or cluster size;
wherein said output information is used in the gas cluster ion beam processing of the workpiece. - View Dependent Claims (12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 23)
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21. An apparatus for gas cluster ion beam (GCIB) mass or cluster size diagnostics for improving GCIB workpiece processing, comprising:
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a vacuum vessel;
a gas cluster ion beam source within the vacuum vessel for producing a gas cluster ion beam;
an accelerator for accelerating the gas cluster ion beam along a first trajectory;
a beam deflector for controllably deflecting the gas cluster ion beam along a second trajectory, said second trajectory diverging from said first trajectory by a predetermined offset angle;
beam detection means disposed along said first trajectory at a predetermined distance, D, from said beam deflector;
control means for providing deflection signals to said beam deflector for controllably deflecting the gas cluster ion beam between said first trajectory and said second trajectory;
time-of-flight measurement means for measuring the times-of-flight of components of the gas cluster ion beam over said distance, D; and
a time-of-flight analyzer to analyze said times of flight of components of the gas cluster ion beam in order to provide output information relative to GCIB mass or cluster size. - View Dependent Claims (22, 25, 26, 28, 29, 30)
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24. An apparatus for gas cluster ion beam (GCIB) mass or cluster size diagnostics for improving GCIB workpiece processing, comprising:
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a vacuum vessel;
a gas cluster ion beam source within the vacuum vessel for producing a gas cluster ion beam;
an accelerator for accelerating said gas cluster ion beam along a first trajectory;
a beam deflector for controllably deflecting the gas cluster ion beam along a second trajectory said second trajectory diverging from said first trajectory by a predetermined first offset angle, and for controllably deflecting the gas cluster ion beam along a third trajectory, said third trajectory diverging from said second trajectory by a predetermined second offset angle greater than said predetermined first offset angle;
beam detection means disposed along the third trajectory at a predetermined distance, D, from the beam deflector;
control means for providing deflection signals for controllably deflecting the gas cluster ion beam between said second trajectory and said third trajectory;
time-of-flight measurement means for measuring the times-of-flight of components of the gas cluster ion beam over said distance, D; and
a time-of-flight analyzer to analyze said times of flight of components of the gas cluster ion beam in order to provide output information relative to GCIB mass or cluster size;
wherein said output information is used in the gas cluster ion beam processing of the workpiece.
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27. A method for gas cluster ion beam (GCIB) mass or cluster size diagnostics for improving GCIB workpiece processing, comprising:
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providing a gas cluster ion beam source;
producing a gas cluster ion beam with said ion beam source;
accelerating the gas cluster ion beam along a first trajectory;
controllably deflecting the gas cluster ion beam between said first trajectory and said second trajectory, said second trajectory being offset from said first trajectory by a predetermined offset angle;
defining a predetermined distance, D, along said first trajectory;
detecting the gas cluster ion beam along said first trajectory at said predetermined distance, D;
measuring the times-of-flight of components of the gas cluster ion beam over said distance, D; and
analyzing said times of flight of components of the gas cluster ion beam in order to provide output information relative to GCIB mass or cluster size.
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31. A method for gas cluster ion beam (GCIB) mass or cluster size diagnostics for improving GCIB workpiece processing, comprising:
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providing a gas cluster ion beam source;
producing a gas cluster ion beam with said ion beam source;
accelerating the gas cluster ion beam along a first trajectory;
controllably deflecting the gas cluster ion beam between said second trajectory and a third trajectory, said second trajectory being offset from said first trajectory by a predetermined first offset angle and said third trajectory being offset from said second trajectory by a second predetermined offset angle, said second offset angle being greater than said first offset angle;
defining a predetermined distance, D, along said third trajectory;
detecting the gas cluster ion beam along said third trajectory at said predetermined distance, D;
measuring the times-of-flight of components of the gas cluster ion beam over said distance, D; and
analyzing said times of flight of components of the gas cluster ion beam in order to provide output information relative to GCIB mass or cluster size. - View Dependent Claims (32, 33, 34)
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Specification