Pulse oximeter and method of operation
First Claim
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1. A sensor for use in an optical measurement device for non-invasive measurement of a blood parameter, the sensor comprising:
- (a) a light source for illuminating a measurement location with incident light of at least three wavelengths, the first wavelength λ
1 lying in a red (R) spectrum, and the at least second and third wavelengths λ
2 and λ
3 lying substantially in the infrared (IR) spectrum; and
(b) a detector assembly for detecting light returned from the illuminated location, the detector assembly being arranged so as to define a plurality of detection locations along at least one closed path around the light source.
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Abstract
A sensor for use in an optical measurement device and a method for non-invasive measurement of a blood parameter. The sensor includes sensor housing, a source of radiation coupled to the housing, and a detector assembly coupled to the housing. The source of radiation is adapted to emit radiation at predetermined frequencies. The detector assembly is adapted to detect reflected radiation at least one predetermined frequency and to generate respective signals. The signals are used to determine the parameter of the blood.
332 Citations
89 Claims
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1. A sensor for use in an optical measurement device for non-invasive measurement of a blood parameter, the sensor comprising:
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(a) a light source for illuminating a measurement location with incident light of at least three wavelengths, the first wavelength λ
1 lying in a red (R) spectrum, and the at least second and third wavelengths λ
2 and λ
3 lying substantially in the infrared (IR) spectrum; and
(b) a detector assembly for detecting light returned from the illuminated location, the detector assembly being arranged so as to define a plurality of detection locations along at least one closed path around the light source. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)
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10. A sensor for use in an optical measurement device for non-invasive measurement of a blood parameter, the sensor comprising:
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a light source for illuminating a measurement location with incident light of at least three wavelengths, the first wavelength λ
1 lying in a red (R) spectrum, and the at least second and third wavelengths λ
2 and λ
3 lying substantially in the infrared (IR) spectrum; and
a detector assembly for detecting light returned from the illuminated location, the detector assembly being arranged so as to define a plurality of detection locations along two concentric closed path around the light source.
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11. A pulse oximeter comprising a sensor and a control unit for operating the sensor and analyzing data generated thereby, the sensor comprising:
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(a) a light source for illuminating a measurement location with incident light of at least three wavelengths, the first wavelength λ
1 lying in a red (R) spectrum, and the at least second and third wavelengths λ
2 and λ
3 lying substantially in the infrared (IR) spectrum; and
(b) a detector assembly for detecting light returned from the illuminated location, the detector assembly being arranged so as to define a plurality of detection locations along at least one closed path around the light source. - View Dependent Claims (13, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30)
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12. A method for non-invasive determination of a blood parameter, the method comprising the steps of:
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(i) illuminating a measurement location with at least three different wavelengths, a first wavelength λ
1 lying in a red (R) spectrum, and at least second and third wavelengths λ
2 and λ
3 lying substantially in the infrared (IR) spectrum;
(ii) detecting light returned from the measurement location at different detection locations and generating data indicative of the detected light, wherein said different detection locations are arranged so as to define at least one closed path around the measurement location; and
(iii) analyzing the generated data and determining the blood parameter.
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16. A pulse oximeter for detecting a value of a parameter of blood, comprising:
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a sensor housing;
a source of radiation coupled to the housing and being adapted to emit radiation at predetermined frequencies;
a detector assembly coupled to the housing and being adapted to detect reflected radiation at first, second, and third frequencies and to generate respective first, second, and third signals, wherein the first, second, and third signals are indicative of a value of the reflected radiation at the respective first, second, and third frequencies; and
,a control unit coupled to the detector assembly and adapted to receive the first, second, and third signals, to calculate first, second and third ratios of the first, second, and third signals and to responsively determine the parameter of the blood as a function of the first, second and third ratios.
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25. A pulse oximeter for detecting a value of a arameter of blood, comprising:
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a sensor housing;
a source of radiation coupled to the housing and being adapted to emit radiation at predetermined frequencies;
a detector assembly coupled to the housing and being adapted to detect reflected radiation at first, second, and third frequencies and to generate respective first, second, and third signals, wherein the first, second, and third signals are indicative of a value of the reflected radiation at the respective first, second, and third frequencies; and
,a control unit coupled to the detector assembly and being adapted to calculate first and second ratios of the first, second, and third signals, wherein the first ratio is defined by the first signal divided by the second signal and the second ratio is defined by the first signal divided by the third signal, and wherein the control unit is adapted to determine the parameter of the blood as a function of a more stable one of the first and second ratios.
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31. A pulse oximeter for detecting a value of a parameter of blood, comprising:
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a sensor housing;
a source of radiation coupled to the housing and being adapted to emit radiation at predetermined frequencies; and
,a plurality of detectors coupled to the housing and being adapted to detect reflected radiation at first, second, and third frequencies and to responsively generate a plurality of first sensor signals indicative of the reflected radiation at the first frequency, a plurality of second sensor signals indicative of the reflected radiation at the second frequency, and a plurality of third sensor signals indicative of the reflected radiation at the third frequency;
a control unit being coupled to the plurality of detectors and adapted to receive the plurality of first, second and third sensor signals, to analyze the first, second and third sensor signals and determine which of the first, second and third sensor signals are valid and to generate first, second, and third frequency signals as a function of valid first sensor signals, valid second sensor signals, and valid third sensor signals, respectively and to determine the parameter of the blood as a function of the valid first, second, and third sensor signals. - View Dependent Claims (32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43)
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44. A sensor for use in an optical measurement device for non-invasive measurement of a blood parameter, comprising:
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a sensor housing;
a source of radiation coupled to the housing and being adapted to emit radiation at predetermined frequencies;
a detector assembly coupled to the housing and being adapted to detect reflected radiation at least one predetermined frequency and to generate respective signals, wherein the detector assembly is ring shaped. - View Dependent Claims (45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 58, 59, 60, 61)
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57. A sensor for use in an optical measurement device for non-invasive measurement of a blood parameter, comprising:
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a sensor housing;
a source of radiation coupled to the housing and being adapted to emit radiation at predetermined frequencies;
a detector assembly coupled to the housing and being adapted to detect reflected radiation at least one predetermined frequency and to generate respective signals, wherein the detector assembly includes a plurality of pairs of detectors, each pair of detectors including a near detector and a far detector.
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62. A method for detecting a value of a parameter of blood using a sensor adapted to emit radiation at predetermined frequencies, to detect reflected radiation at first, second, and third frequencies and to generate respective first, second, and third signals, wherein the first, second, and third signals are indicative of a value of the reflected radiation at the respective first, second, and third frequencies, the method including the steps of:
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receiving the first, second, and third signals;
calculating first, second and third ratios of the first, second, and third signals; and
,responsively determining the parameter of the blood as a function of the first, second and third ratios. - View Dependent Claims (63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70)
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71. A method for detecting a value of a parameter of blood using a sensor adapted to emit radiation at predetermined frequencies, to detect reflected radiation at first, second, and third frequencies and to generate respective first, second, and third signals, wherein the first, second, and third signals are indicative of a value of the reflected radiation at the respective first, second, and third frequencies, the method including the steps of:
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receiving the first, second and third signals;
calculate first and second ratios of the first, second and third signals, wherein the first ratio is defined by the first signal divided by the second signal and the second ratio is defined by the first signal divided by the third signal; and
,determining the parameter of the blood as a function of a more stable one of the first and second ratios. - View Dependent Claims (72, 73, 74, 75, 76)
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77. A method for detecting a value of a parameter of blood using a sensor adapted to emit radiation at predetermined frequencies, to detect reflected radiation at first, second, and third frequencies and to responsively generate a plurality of first sensor signals indicative of the reflected radiation at the first frequency, a plurality of second sensor signals indicative of the reflected radiation at the second frequency, and a plurality of third sensor signals indicative of the reflected radiation at the third frequency, the method comprising:
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receiving the plurality of first, second and third sensor signals;
analyzing the first, second and third sensor signals and determining which of the first, second and third sensor signals are valid;
generating first, second, and third frequency signals as a function of valid first sensor signals, valid second sensor signals, and valid third sensor signals, respectively; and
,determining the parameter of the blood as a function of the valid first, second, and third sensor signals. - View Dependent Claims (78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89)
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Specification