HIGH VELOCITY REBURN FUEL INJECTOR

• US 20020045140A1
• Filed: 06/07/1995
• Published: 04/18/2002
• Est. Priority Date: 06/07/1995
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: GE Energy & Environmental Research Corp. (GE Vernova, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: GE Energy & Environmental Research Corp. (GE Vernova, Inc.)
• Inventors: NGUYEN, QUANG, MOYEDA, DAVID, PAYNE, ROY
• Granted Patent: US 6,481,998 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 431/5
• CPC Class Codes: F23G 7/08 using flares, e.g. in stacks

Abstract

An apparatus and method for high velocity injection of a stream of fluid fuel into a stream of NO_X containing combustion effluents downstream of a primary combustion zone, without the use of recirculated flue gas or other carrier gas. The apparatus includes a fuel introducing member that has a fuel receiving end for receiving fluid fuel from a fuel source and a fuel injection end for injecting the fluid fuel into the stream of combustion effluents. A fuel passage is in fluid communication with the fuel receiving end and the fuel injection end of the fuel introducing member. A means for increasing the velocity of the fluid fuel, without the need of a carrier gas, is associated with the fuel introducing member.

Claims

1. A high velocity fuel injector for introducing a fluid fuel into a stream of combination effluents containing NO_X downstream of a primary combustion zone, the fuel injector comprising:

a fuel introducing member, the fuel introducing member having a fuel receiving end for receiving fluid fuel from a fuel source, a fuel injection end positioned for injecting said fluid fuel into the stream of combustion effluents, and a fuel passage that is in fluid communication with the fuel receiving end and the fuel injection end; and

a means for increasing the velocity of fluid fuel from a source of fluid fuel, the velocity increasing means being operative without the need of a carrier gas.

2. The high velocity fuel injector of claim 1 wherein the velocity increasing means comprises a compressor.

3. The high velocity fuel injector of claim 1 wherein the velocity increasing means comprises a nozzle end plate for increasing the velocity of a jet of fuel emerging from said fuel injection end.

4. The high velocity fuel injector of claim 3 wherein the nozzle end plate is disposed at or near the fuel injection fuel introducing member.

5. The high velocity fuel injector of claim 3 wherein the nozzle end plate has at least one hole.

6. The high velocity fuel injector of claim 1 wherein the velocity increasing means is disposed in the fuel passage of the fuel introducing member.

7. The high velocity fuel injector of claim 1 wherein the velocity increasing means is disposed upstream of the fuel introducing member.

8. The high velocity fuel injector of claim 5 wherein the fuel introducing device and the one or more holes of the nozzle end plate each have a cross-sectional area and the cross-sectional area of the one or more holes of the nozzle end plate is less than the cross-sectional area of the fuel introducing device.

9. The high velocity fuel injector of claim 1 wherein the velocity increasing means comprises a tapered portion of the fuel passage of the fuel introducing member.

10. The high velocity fuel injector of claim 1 comprising in addition a fuel supply line having a cross-sectional area and wherein the velocity increasing means comprises a constricted portion of the fuel supply line and the downstream portion of the fuel supply line and the fuel introducing member maintain a cross-sectional area which is comparable to the cross-sectional area of the constricted portion of the fuel supply line.

11. The high velocity fuel injector of claim 1 wherein the velocity increasing means is associated with the fuel passage of the fuel introducing member whereby the fluid fuel exits the fuel injection end of the fuel introducing member at a greater velocity than the fuel that is received by the fuel receiving end of the fuel introducing member.

12. The high velocity fuel injector of claim 1 comprising in addition a mounting flange and a means for affixing the mounting flange with a corresponding second mounting flange that is disposed on a wall of the effluent source above the primary combustion zone.

14. The method of claim 13 wherein the velocity increasing means comprises a compressor.

15. The method of claim 13 wherein the velocity increasing means comprises a nozzle end plate.

16. The method of claim 15 wherein the nozzle end plate has one or more holes and the one or more holes of the nozzle end plate each has a cross-sectional area and the cross-sectional area of the one or more holes of the nozzle end plate is less than the cross-sectional area of the fuel introducing device.

18. The fuel injector of claim 17 comprising in addition a mounting flange and a means for affixing the mounting flange to a corresponding second mounting flange that is associated with a wall of the effluent source above the primary combustion zone.

19. The method of claim 13 wherein the fluid fuel is injected into the stream of combustion effluents at a speed not less than sonic speed.

20. The fuel injector of claim 1 wherein the velocity increasing means is capable of injecting the fluid fuel at or above sonic speeds.

21. The fuel injector of claim 17 wherein the means for increasing the velocity of fluid fuel without the use of a carrier as is capable of injecting the fluid fuel at or above sonic speed.

13. A method of high velocity injection of a fluid fuel into a stream of combustion effluents containing NO_X, downstream of a primary combustion zone, the method comprising the steps of:

providing a source of fluid fuel;

providing at least one fuel injector comprising a fuel introducing member, the fuel introducing member having a fuel receiving end for receiving fluid fuel from a fuel source, a fuel injection end for injecting said fluid fuel into the stream of combustion effluents, and a fuel passage that is in fluid communication with the fuel receiving end and the fuel injection end;

providing a means for increasing the velocity of the fluid fuel from the source of fluid fuel without the use of a carrier gas;

positioning the fuel injector at a location downstream of the primary combustion zone of the effluent source; and

providing a means of fluid communication between the source of fluid fuel and the one or more fuel injectors.

17. A fuel injector for introducing a fluid fuel into stream of combustion effluents containing NO_X, above a primary combustion zone, the fuel injector comprising:

a means for receiving fluid fuel from a source of fluid fuel;

a means for increasing the velocity of fluid fuel without the use of a carrier gas, the velocity increasing means associated with the means for receiving fluid fuel; and

a means for introducing the fluid fuel into the stream of combustion effluents at a location downstream of the primary combustion zone.