Electroless method of seed layer depostion, repair, and fabrication of Cu interconnects
First Claim
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1. A method of forming copper interconnect, comprising:
- forming a trench in a dielectric layer disposed on a substrate, the trench and the dielectric layer having exposed surfaces;
forming a barrier layer over the exposed surfaces;
forming a catalytic layer over the barrier layer; and
performing an electroless deposition of a Cu seed layer over the catalytic layer.
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Abstract
Electroless deposition of Cu provides for repair of copper seed layers formed by vacuum deposition processes, for formation of copper seed layers on catalytic materials, and for bulk fill of damascene trenches and via openings. Electroless plating baths for such depositions are formulated for both room temperature and elevated temperature operation, and each include a copper source, an environmentally friendly reducing agent, a pH buffer, a complexing agent, and a surfactant.
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Citations
22 Claims
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1. A method of forming copper interconnect, comprising:
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forming a trench in a dielectric layer disposed on a substrate, the trench and the dielectric layer having exposed surfaces;
forming a barrier layer over the exposed surfaces;
forming a catalytic layer over the barrier layer; and
performing an electroless deposition of a Cu seed layer over the catalytic layer. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
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11. A method of repairing a copper seed layer, comprising:
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forming a layer on a substrate, the layer being a barrier to the diffusion of copper atoms therethrough;
depositing, over the barrier layer, a copper seed layer by a self-ionizing plasma; and
immersing the substrate in an electroless plating bath;
wherein the electroless plating bath is formed by combining at least CuSO4·
5H2O, glyoxylic acid, a pH buffer;
a complexing agent, and polyethylene glycol. - View Dependent Claims (12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22)
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17. A method of forming a copper interconnect line, comprising:
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forming a trench in a dielectric layer disposed on a substrate, the trench and the dielectric layer having exposed surfaces;
forming a barrier layer over the exposed surfaces;
forming a catalytic layer over the barrier layer;
performing an electroless deposition of a Cu seed layer over the catalytic layer; and
performing a bulk fill operation to, at least, fill the trenches.
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Specification