Media file system supported by streaming servers

• US 20020078218A1
• Filed: 12/15/2000
• Published: 06/20/2002
• Est. Priority Date: 12/15/2000
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Feig, Ephraim
• Granted Patent: US 7,213,075 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 709/231
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 65/1101 Session protocols
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 65/765 intermediate
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/306 User profiles
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 69/329 in the application layer [OSI layer 7]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 9/40 Network security protocols
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/222 Secondary servers, e.g. proxy server, cable television Head-end provisioning of proxy services in data packet switching networks H04L67/56
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/23106 involving caching operations prefetching while addressing of a memory level in which the access to the desired data or data block requires associative addressing means within memory systems or architectures G06F12/0862; caching at an intermediate stage in a data network H04L67/568
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/2381 Adapting the multiplex stream to a specific network, e.g. an Internet Protocol [IP] network transmission of MPEG streams over ATM H04L12/5601
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/2393 involving handling client requests scheduling or organising the servicing of application requests H04L67/60
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/2405 Monitoring of the internal components or processes of the server, e.g. server load allocation of resources in multiprogramming arrangements G06F9/50; performance measurement of computer activity G06F11/34
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/2408 Monitoring of the upstream path of the transmission network, e.g. client requests monitoring data switching networks utilization H04L43/0876; scheduling or organising the servicing of application requests H04L67/60
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/241 Operating system [OS] processes, e.g. server setup
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/2743 Video hosting of uploaded data from client
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/47202 for requesting content on demand, e.g. video on demand
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/6125 involving transmission via Internet transmission by internet of broadcast information H04H60/82

Abstract

A method and data communication system for transferring multimedia data which stores on an application server a multimedia file including a plurality groups of multimedia data. Each group has a predetermined data size. Next, the system receives a client request and reads a client address at the application server. The client address corresponds to at least one client apparatus. Next, the system strips consecutive groups from the multimedia file and buffers the stripped groups in a staging buffer. Then, the system transfers to a streaming server, consecutive groups from the staging buffer and the client address. The system then converts at the streaming server, each of the consecutive groups received from the staging buffer into a format readable by the at least one client apparatus. Finally, the streaming server sends each of the converted groups to the at least one client apparatus.

Claims

1. A method for transferring multimedia data using a data communication system, comprising the steps of:

storing on an application server a multimedia file including a plurality groups of multimedia data, each group having a predetermined data size;

receiving a client request and reading a client address at the application server, the client address corresponding to at least one client apparatus;

stripping consecutive groups from the multimedia file and buffering the stripped groups in a staging buffer;

transferring to a streaming server, consecutive groups from the staging buffer and the client address;

converting at the streaming server, each of the consecutive groups received from the staging buffer into a format readable by the at least one client apparatus; and

sending each of the converted groups to the at least one client apparatus.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the multimedia file is a video file, each group of multimedia data comprises a video frame, each frame corresponds to a frame display duration, and the rate at which consecutive frames are transferred to the streaming server from the staging buffer corresponds to intervals of each display duration.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the video file is encoded in MPEG format.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the at least one client apparatus is selected from the group consisting of:

a personal computer, a fax machine, a hard drive, a telephone interface, a wireless telephone, a radio receiver, and a personal digital assistant (PDA).

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the multimedia file is selected from the group consisting of:

video files, music files, computer generated graphics files, still image files, and sound files.

6. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of:

sending notice of a new client to the streaming server;

determining, in the streaming server according to a garbage-collection algorithm, whether there is sufficient space in the streaming server to hold the stripped consecutive groups from the staging buffer before the application server transfers the consecutive groups from the staging buffer to the streaming server; and

purging at least one multimedia file from the streaming server when the determining step determines that there is not sufficient space in the streaming server to hold the stripped consecutive groups from the staging buffer.

7. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of:

determining at the streaming server, a transfer rate from the application server to the streaming server and a sending rate from the streaming server to the at least one client apparatus; and

comparing the transfer rate to the sending rate before the streaming server performs the converting step.

8. The method according to claim 7, further comprising the step of:

waiting a predetermined time period before performing the converting step in the streaming server, when the sending rate is greater than the transfer rate.

9. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of:

determining in a request handler in the application server, a number of client requests from the at least one client apparatus for the multimedia file.

10. The method according to claim 9, further comprising the steps of:

comparing the number of client requests for the multimedia file to a threshold number; and

transferring the entire multimedia file from the application server to the streaming server when the number of requests is greater than the threshold number.

11. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of:

determining, in the streaming server according to a garbage-collection algorithm, a rate of sending of the multimedia file from the streaming server to the at least one client apparatus;

comparing the rate of sending to a threshold number; and

purging the multimedia file from the streaming server when the rate of sending is less than the threshold number.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein the rate of sending is a number of times the multimedia file has been sent over a predetermined time period, and the predetermined time period is selected from the group consisting of one minute, one hour, one day, one week, one month, and one year.

13. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of:

determining, in the streaming server according to a garbage-collection algorithm, a rate of sending of the multimedia from the streaming server to the at least one client apparatus;

comparing the rate of sending to a threshold number; and

keeping the multimedia file stored on the streaming server when the rate of sending is greater than the threshold number.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein the rate of sending is a number of times the multimedia file has been sent over a predetermined time period, and the predetermined time period is selected from the group consisting of one minute, one hour, one day, one week, one month, and one year.

15. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of:

determining, in a time-division multiplexer program in the streaming server, a priority order for sending the stripped consecutive groups in the sending step, when there are a plurality of the least one client apparatus.

17. The method according to claim 16, wherein the multimedia file is a video file, each group of multimedia data comprises a video frame, each frame corresponds to a frame display duration, and the rate at which consecutive frames are transferred to the streaming server from the staging buffer corresponds to intervals of each display duration.

18. The method according to claim 17, wherein the video file is encoded in MPEG format.

19. The method according to claim 16, wherein the multimedia file is selected from the group consisting of:

video files, music files, computer generated graphics files, still image files, and sound files.

20. The method according to claim 16, further comprising the step of:

determining in a request handler in the application server, a number of client requests from at least one client apparatus for the multimedia file.

21. The method according to claim 20, further comprising the steps of:

comparing the number of client requests for the multimedia file to a threshold number; and

transferring the entire multimedia file from the application server to the streaming server when the number of requests is greater than the threshold number.

16. A method for using an application server comprising the steps of:

storing on an application server a multimedia file including a plurality groups of multimedia data, each group having a predetermined data size;

receiving a client request and reading a client address at the application server, the client address corresponding to at least one client apparatus;

stripping consecutive groups from the multimedia file and buffering the stripped groups in a staging buffer; and

transferring to a streaming server, consecutive groups from the staging buffer and the client address.

22. A method for using a streaming server comprising the steps of:

receiving in a streaming server consecutive groups of data of a multimedia file and a client address;

converting each of the consecutive groups received into a format readable by at least one client apparatus; and

sending each of the converted groups to the at least one client apparatus.

23. The method according to claim 22, wherein the at least one client apparatus is selected from the group consisting of:

a personal computer, a fax machine, a hard drive, a telephone interface, a wireless telephone, a radio receiver, and a personal digital assistant (PDA).

24. The method according to claim 22, further comprising the step of:

receiving notice of a new client;

determining, in the streaming server according to a garbage-collection algorithm, whether there is sufficient space in the streaming server to hold stripped consecutive groups of the multimedia file before receiving the consecutive groups from an application server; and

purging at least one multimedia file from the streaming server when the determining step determines that there is not sufficient space in the streaming server to hold the stripped consecutive groups.

25. The method according to claim 22, further comprising the steps of:

determining at the streaming server, a transfer rate from an application server to the streaming server and a sending rate from the streaming server to the at least one client apparatus; and

comparing the transfer rate to the sending rate before the streaming server performs the converting step.

26. The method according to claim 25, further comprising the step of:

waiting a predetermined time period before performing the converting step in the streaming server, when the sending rate is greater than the transfer rate.

27. The method according to claim 22, further comprising the steps of:

determining, in the streaming server according to a garbage-collection algorithm, a rate of sending of the multimedia file from the streaming server to the at least one client apparatus;

comparing the rate of sending to a threshold number; and

purging the multimedia file from the streaming server when the rate of sending is less than the threshold number.

28. The method according to claim 27, wherein the rate of sending is a number of times the multimedia file has been sent over a predetermined time period, and the predetermined time period is selected from the group consisting of one minute, one hour, one day, one week, one month, and one year.

29. The method according to claim 22, further comprising the steps of:

determining, in the streaming server according to a garbage-collection algorithm, a rate of transfer of the multimedia from the streaming server to the at least one client apparatus;

comparing the rate of transfer to a threshold number; and

keeping the multimedia file stored on the streaming server when the rate of transfer is greater than the threshold number.

30. The method according to claim 22, further comprising the step of:

determining, in a time-division multiplexer program in the streaming server, a priority order for sending the stripped consecutive groups in the sending step, when there are a plurality of the least one client apparatus.

31. A method for selectively sending multimedia files from application servers or streaming servers in a data communication system, comprising the steps of:

receiving in an application server, a client request for a multimedia file including a plurality of predetermined groups of multimedia data;

determining whether the multimedia file is located on a streaming server;

stripping consecutive groups from the multimedia file and buffering the stripped groups in a staging buffer at the application server;

transferring to a streaming server, consecutive groups from the stripping buffer and a client address corresponding to the client request received in the application server;

converting at the streaming server, each of the consecutive groups received from the staging buffer into a format readable by at least one client apparatus; and

sending each of the converted groups to the at least one client apparatus, when the multimedia file is not located on the streaming server.

32. A method for selectively sending multimedia files from application servers or streaming servers in a data communication system, comprising the steps of:

receiving in an application server, a client request for a multimedia file including a plurality of predetermined groups of multimedia data;

determining whether the multimedia file is located on a streaming server;

converting at the streaming server, each of the consecutive groups received from the staging buffer into a format readable by at least one client apparatus; and

sending each of the converted groups to the at least one client apparatus, when the multimedia file is located on the streaming server.

33. A method of purging multimedia files from a streaming server according to a garbage-collection algorithm, comprising the steps of:

determining a rate at which a multimedia file has been sent from a streaming server to at least one client apparatus;

comparing the number of times to a threshold number; and

purging the multimedia file from the streaming server when the number of times is less than or equal to the threshold number.

34. The method according to claim 33, wherein the rate of sending is a number of times the multimedia file has been sent over a predetermined time period, and the predetermined time period is selected from the group consisting of one minute, one hour, one day, one week, one month, and one year.

36. The method according to claim 35, wherein the groups of data of the multimedia file are received in the streaming server from an application server.

38. The method according to claim 37, wherein the predetermined time period is selected from the group consisting of:

one minute, one hour, one day, one week, one month, and one year.

40. The method according to claim 39, wherein the groups are transferred from an application server.

35. A method for purging files from a streaming server comprising the steps of:

receiving in a streaming server, a maximum group count corresponding to a maximum number of groups of data that make up a multimedia file;

storing the maximum group count in the streaming server according to a garbage-collection algorithm;

receiving consecutive groups of data of the multimedia file;

counting a number of consecutive groups received in the streaming server;

determining whether the number of consecutive groups received is equal to the maximum group count; and

purging from the streaming server, consecutive groups of the multimedia file when the number of groups received is equal to the maximum group count.

37. A method for selectively transferring entire multimedia files from an application server to a streaming server comprising the steps of:

receiving in an application server, a client request for a multimedia file;

determining over a predetermined time period, a number of client requests for the multimedia file;

comparing the number of client requests for the multimedia file to a threshold popularity number; and

transferring the entire multimedia file from the application server to a streaming server when the total number of client requests for the multimedia file is greater than the threshold popularity number.

39. A method of buffering multimedia data in a data communication system, comprising the steps of:

receiving in a streaming server, consecutive groups of data of a multimedia file;

converting at the streaming server, each of the consecutive groups into a protocol readable by at least one client apparatus in communication with the streaming server;

determining whether a transfer rate of the groups to the streaming server is greater than a sending rate from the streaming server to the at least one client apparatus; and

sending consecutively, the converted groups to the at least one client apparatus, when the determining step determines that the transfer rate is greater than the sending rate.

41. A method of buffering multimedia data in a data communication system, comprising the steps of:

receiving in a streaming server, consecutive groups of data of a multimedia file;

converting at the streaming server, each of the consecutive groups into a protocol readable by at least one client apparatus in communication with the streaming server;

determining whether a transfer rate of the groups to the streaming server is greater than a sending rate from the streaming server to the at least one client apparatus; and

storing in a converted group buffer in the streaming server, the converted groups for a predetermined time period, when the determining step determines that the transfer rate is less than the sending rate; and

sending consecutively the converted groups to the at least one client apparatus.

42. The method according to claim 41, wherein the groups are transferred from an application server.

43. A data communication system for sending multimedia data to a client apparatus, comprising:

an application server comprising;

a multimedia file storage;

a file to group stripping program;

a group staging buffer;

a clock, for synchronizing transfer of groups of a multimedia file; and

a streaming server comprising;

a group receiving buffer;

a format conversion program;

a converted group buffer; and

a transmitter for sending converted groups of the multimedia file to at least one client apparatus, wherein the streaming server is in communication with the application server.

44. The data communication system according to claim 43, wherein the application server is coupled to the streaming server over a network.

45. The data communication system according to claim 44, wherein the network is selected from the group consisting of:

a wireless network, an Internet Service Provider (ISP) network, and a local area network (LAN).

46. The data communication system according to claim 43, wherein the group receiving buffer is an elastic buffer.

47. The data communication system according to claim 43, wherein the application server further comprises:

a request handler for receiving and managing client requests corresponding to multimedia files on the data communication system.

48. The data communication system according to claim 47, wherein the request handler reads a client address from a received client request and directs the client address to a streaming server to enable the streaming server to send a multimedia file to a specific client apparatus.

49. The data communication system according to claim 47, wherein the streaming server further comprises:

a time-division multiplexer program for prioritizing an order for sending the groups from the streaming server, when there are a plurality of the least one client apparatus.

50. The data communication system according to claim 47, wherein the streaming server further comprises:

a garbage-collection algorithm for purging multimedia files to maintaining space in a memory of the streaming server.

51. A data communication system for transferring multimedia data, comprising:

an application server comprising;

a video file storage, for storing MPEG format video files;

a file to frame stripping program;

a frame staging buffer;

a clock, for synchronizing transfer of the frames; and

a streaming server comprising;

an elastic frame receiving buffer;

a frame format conversion program;

a converted frame buffer; and

a transmitter for sending converted frames to a client computer, wherein the streaming server is coupled over a local area network to the application server.

52. An application server comprising:

a multimedia file storage;

a file to group stripping program;

a group staging buffer; and

a clock, for synchronizing transfer of segments of a multimedia file.

53. The application server of claim 52, further comprising:

a request handler for receiving and managing client requests corresponding to multimedia files on the data communication system.

54. The data communication system according to claim 53, wherein the request handler reads a client address from a received client request and directs the client address to a streaming server to enable the streaming server to send a multimedia file to a specific client apparatus.

55. A streaming server comprising:

a group receiving buffer;

a group format conversion program;

a converted group buffer; and

a transmitter for sending converted groups of data of a multimedia file to at least one client apparatus.

56. The streaming server according to claim 55, further comprising:

a time-division multiplexer program for prioritizing an order for sending the groups from the streaming server, when there are a plurality of the least one client apparatus.

57. The data communication system according to claim 55, wherein the streaming server further comprises:

a garbage-collection algorithm for purging multimedia files to maintaining space in a memory of the streaming server.