Systems and methods for reducing fractured bone using a fracture reduction cannula

• US 20020099385A1
• Filed: 10/25/2001
• Published: 07/25/2002
• Est. Priority Date: 10/25/2000
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Orthophoenix, LLC (Marathon Patent Group, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Kyphon Incorporated (Medtronic Plc)
• Inventors: Sand, Paul M., Layne, Richard W., Scribner, Robert M., Reiley, Mark A., Ralph, Christopher R.
• Granted Patent: US 7,153,306 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 606/92
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1686 for the hand or wrist
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/3468 for implanting or removing devices, e.g. prostheses, implants, seeds, wires devices for implanting seeds A61M37/0069
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/3472 for bones, e.g. intraosseus injections
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/8805 for introducing fluid filler into bone or extracting it A61B17/7097, A61B17/8833 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/8855 inflatable, e.g. kyphoplasty balloons
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/8866 for gripping or pushing bones, e.g. approximators joint distractors A61B17/025
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00557 inflatable A61B2017/22051 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 50/33 Trays
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 90/39 Markers, e.g. radio-opaque or breast lesions markers
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/4601 for introducing bone substitute, for implanting bone graft implants or for compacting them in the bone cavity

Abstract

Systems and methods provide for the fixation of osteoporotic and non-osteoporotic long bones, especially Colles'"'"' fractures. A cannula having a circumferential opening is inserted into cancellous bone and directed such that the circumferential opening faces the fracture. The cannula is further adapted to receive an expandable structure, the expandable structure being inserted through the cannula until it is in registration with the circumferential opening. The expandable structure is expanded through the circumferential opening into cancellous bone and toward the fracture. The expansion of the expandable structure through the circumferential opening toward the fracture causes compression of cancellous bone and moves fractured cortical bone, thus creating a cavity proximal to the fracture. The cavity is then filled with a flowable bone filling material and the material allowed to harden.

Claims

1. A tool for establishing a percutaneous path into bone comprising:

a cannula having a side wall defining an internal bore aligned along an axis, the cannula having a distal end;

a circumferential opening in the side wall, the circumferential opening having a distal terminus, and the circumferential opening extending partially about the side wall and being elongated along the axis and adapted to accommodate passage of an expandable structure from within the bore; and

the bore being solid between the distal terminus of the circumferential opening and the distal end of the cannula.

10. A method for treating bone comprising the steps of providing a cannula as defined in claim 1 or 2 or 3;

inserting the cannula into cancellous bone;

inserting an expandable structure through the cannula into registration with the circumferential opening; and

expanding the expandable structure through the circumferential opening into contact with cancellous bone.

11. A method according to claim 10, wherein the step of expanding the expandable structure compacts cancellous bone.

12. A method according to claim 11, wherein the compaction of cancellous bone forms a cavity.

13. A method according to claim 12 and further including the step of conveying a material into the cavity.

14. A method according to claim 10 wherein the step of expanding the expandable structure moves fractured cortical bone.

2. A tool for establishing a percutaneous path into bone comprising:

a cannula having a side wall defining an internal bore aligned along an axis, the cannula having a distal end;

a distal opening in the distal end communicating with the bore to accommodate passage of a guide pin; and

a circumferential opening in the side wall, the circumferential opening extending partially about the side wall and being elongated along the axis and adapted to accommodate passage of an expandable structure from within the bore.

3. A tool for establishing a percutaneous path into bone comprising:

a cannula having a side wall defining an internal bore aligned along an axis, the cannula having a distal end;

a circumferential opening in the side wall, the circumferential opening extending partially about the side wall and being elongated along the axis and adapted to accommodate passage of an expandable structure from within the bore; and

a surface on the distal end of the cannula to anchor the distal end in bone.

4. A tool as in claim 3, wherein the circumferential opening has a distal terminus;

and

the bore being solid between the distal terminus of the circumferential opening and the distal end of the cannula.

5. A tool as in claim 3, wherein the cannula has a distal opening in the distal end communicating with the bore to accommodate passage of a guide pin.

6. An assembly for treating bone comprising:

a cannula having a side wall defining an internal bore aligned along an axis, the cannula having a distal end;

a distal opening in the distal end communicating with the bore to accommodate passage of a guide pin;

a circumferential opening in the side wall extending partially about the side wall and being elongated along the axis and adapted to accommodate passage of an expandable structure from within the bore; and

an expandable structure adapted for insertion through bone into the cannula and expansion through the circumferential opening.

9. An assembly as set forth in claim 6 or 7 or 8, wherein the expandable structure has radio opaque markers for locating the structure within the circumferential opening.

7. An assembly for treating bone comprising:

a cannula having a side wall defining an internal bore aligned along an axis, the cannula having a distal end;

a circumferential opening in the side wall, the circumferential opening having a distal terminus, and the circumferential opening extending partially about the side wall and being elongated along the axis and adapted to accommodate passage of an expandable structure from within the bore;

the bore being solid between the distal terminus of the circumferential opening and the distal end of the cannula; and

an expandable structure adapted for insertion through bone into the cannula and expansion through the circumferential opening.

8. An assembly for treating bone comprising:

a cannula having a side wall defining an internal bore aligned along an axis, the cannula having a distal end;

a circumferential opening in the side wall, the circumferential opening having a distal terminus, and the circumferential opening extending partially about the side wall and being elongated along the axis and adapted to accommodate passage of an expandable structure from within the bore;

a surface on the distal end of the cannula to anchor the distal end in bone; and

an expandable structure adapted for insertion through bone into the cannula and expansion through the circumferential opening.