Dual band biometric identification system

• US 20020136435A1
• Filed: 03/26/2002
• Published: 09/26/2002
• Est. Priority Date: 03/26/2001
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Mikos Limited
• Original Assignee: Mikos Limited
• Inventors: Prokoski, Francine J.
• Granted Patent: US 6,920,236 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 382/118
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 18/256 of results relating to different input data, e.g. multimodal recognition
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 40/14 Vascular patterns
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 40/16 Human faces, e.g. facial parts, sketches or expressions
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 40/166 using acquisition arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 40/45 Detection of the body part being alive

Abstract

A biometric identification system directed toward use of dual-band visual-infrared imaging with appropriate techniques for integrating the analysis of both images to distinguish less reliable from more reliable image components, so as to generate a composite image comprised of layers. Correlation and analysis of the composite layers enables improved reliability in identification. The method and apparatus of the invention provide for efficient and optimized use of dual-band imaging for biometric identification of faces, fingerprints, palm and hand prints, sweat pore patterns, wrist veins, and other anatomical features of humans and animals.

One embodiment includes the addition of a thermal infrared camera to a visual facial recognition system, with the IR image used to determine that the subject is alive and locate any features which are disguised. Another embodiment adds a visual camera to a thermal infrared facial recognition system, with areas of the visual image used to add colors and to fill-in behind eyeglasses which block the thermal infrared signature.

Claims

1. A method for biometric recognition, comprising the steps of:

combining a first band imager and a second band imager into a dual-band system;

generating from said dual-band system corresponding images of a specified body area of a subject, said corresponding images comprising a first band image and a second band image;

responsive to anatomical characteristics of said specified body area, determining for said first band image which portions of said image are degraded;

encoding said degraded portions in an encoded image;

creating a composite image comprising separate layers for at least said first band image, said second band image, and said encoded image; and

using said composite image to identify said subject.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein said first band imager is a visual imager and said second band imager is a thermal infrared camera, and wherein said specified body area is a human face.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein said determining step compares said first band image with said second band image to identify disguises on said first band image and to encode said disguises in said encoded layer.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein said determining step ascertains portions of the visual image which are degraded due to illumination conditions.

5. The method of claim 2, wherein said visual image is used to determine the location and features of the eyes of said subject.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein said first band imager is a thermal infrared camera and said second band imager is a visual imager, and wherein said specified body area is a human face.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein said determining step ascertains portions of the thermal infrared image which are degraded due to image saturation.

8. The method of claim 6, wherein said thermal infrared image is used to determine whether facial hair is present.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the specified body area is a fingerprint and wherein said composite image is correlated with a database of fingerprint images to identify said subject.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein said correlation is performed with a Hidden Markov Method.

11. A system for biometric recognition, comprising:

means for combining a first band imager and a second band imager into a dual-band system;

means for generating from said dual-band system corresponding images of a specified body area of a subject, said corresponding images comprising a first band image and a second band image;

means, responsive to anatomical characteristics of said specified body area, for determining for said first band image which portions of said image are degraded;

means for encoding said degraded portions in an encoded image;

means for creating a composite image comprising separate layers for at least said first band image, said second band image, and said encoded image; and

means for using said composite image to identify said subject.

12. The system of claim 11, wherein said first band imager is a visual imager and said second band imager is a thermal infrared camera, and wherein said specified body area is a human face.

13. The system of claim 12, wherein said determining means compares said first band image with said second band image to identify disguises on said first band image and said encoding means encodes said disguises in said encoded layer.

14. The system of claim 13, wherein said determining means ascertains portions of the visual image which are degraded due to illumination conditions.

15. The system of claim 12, wherein said visual image is used to determine the location and features of the eyes of said subject.

16. The system of claim 11, wherein said first band imager is a thermal infrared camera and said second band imager is a visual imager, and wherein said specified body area is a human face.

17. The system of claim 16, wherein said determining means ascertains portions of the thermal infrared image which are degraded due to image saturation.

18. The system of claim 16, wherein said thermal infrared image is used to determine whether facial hair is present.

19. The system of claim 11, wherein the specified body area is a fingerprint and wherein said composite image is correlated with a database of fingerprint images to identify said subject.

20. The system of claim 16, wherein pixels in the eye area of said composite image are taken from the visual image and pixels in the remaining areas of the composite image are taken from the thermal infrared image.