Content authentication and recovery using digital watermarks
First Claim
Patent Images
1. A method for hiding auxiliary data in a media signal, the method comprising:
- compressing a first media signal; and
embedding the first media signal into a second media signal.
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Abstract
The disclosure describes methods for using digital watermarking to authenticate digital media signals, such as images, audio and video signals. It also describes techniques for using embedded watermarks to repair altered parts of a media signal when alteration is detected. Alteration is detected using hashes, digital watermarks, and a combination of hashes and digital watermarks.
178 Citations
38 Claims
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1. A method for hiding auxiliary data in a media signal, the method comprising:
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compressing a first media signal; and
embedding the first media signal into a second media signal. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4)
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5. A method of decoding auxiliary data that has been imperceptibly embedded into a host signal:
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decoding the auxiliary signal, which represents a compressed version of the host signal;
decompressing the compressed version;
using the decompressed version to authenticate the host signal. - View Dependent Claims (6, 7, 8, 9)
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10. A method of watermarking media content comprising:
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selecting non-overlapping blocks A, B and C of the media content;
losslessly compressing blocks B and C of the content to form compressed content;
watermark embedding the compressed content into block B of the media content to form a new block B′
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creating a hash of block A and B′
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watermark embedding the hash into block C to create a new block C′
; and
combining blocks A, B′ and
C′
to form watermarked media content. - View Dependent Claims (11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 25, 26, 27, 29)
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17. A method for encoding a reversible watermark in a media signal comprising:
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embedding a watermark message signal into a reference media signal to create a watermarked reference signal, where the watermark message signal includes information about a watermark embedder function used to embed the watermark message signal into the reference signal;
subtracting the reference signal from the watermarked reference signal to form a difference signal; and
adding the difference signal to a host media signal to embed the watermark message signal in the host signal;
wherein adding the difference signal is reversible by decoding the information about the watermark embedder function from the host media signal, using the information about the watermark embedder function to re-compute the difference signal, and subtracting the difference signal from the host media signal to restore the host signal.
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24. A method for authenticating a watermarked media signal that has been watermarked using a watermark embedding function on an un-watermarked version of the media signal, comprising:
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decoding a watermark message from the watermarked media signal, wherein the watermark message includes a hash of the un-watermarked media signal and watermark embedding information used by the watermark embedding function to create the watermarked media signal;
transforming the watermark embedding information and hash into a watermark difference signal using the watermark embedding function;
subtracting the watermark difference signal from the watermarked media signal to restore the un-watermarked media signal;
computing a new hash of the restored, un-watermarked media signal; and
comparing the new hash with the hash decoded from the watermarked media signal to determine the authenticity of the watermarked media signal.
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28. A method for encoding a reversible watermark in a media signal comprising:
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creating a watermark difference signal carrying information about a watermark embedder function used to embed the watermark message signal into the difference signal; and
adding the difference signal to a host media signal to embed the watermark message signal in the host signal;
wherein adding the difference signal is reversible by decoding the information about the watermark embedder function from the host media signal, using the information about the watermark embedder function to re-compute the difference signal, and subtracting the difference signal from the host media signal to restore the host signal.
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30. A method of hiding auxiliary data in a media signal, the method comprising:
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dividing the media signal into blocks;
partitioning the media signal into two regions;
for a plurality of the blocks, compressing the media signal from a first region of a block and embedding redundant instances of the compressed media signal of the block into a second region of two or more blocks. - View Dependent Claims (31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37)
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38. A method of authenticating a media signal using hidden embedded data in the media signal, the method comprising:
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dividing the media signal into blocks;
partitioning the blocks into regions;
for a plurality of blocks, extracting hidden compressed bit streams of a first region other blocks from a second region in the blocks;
for a plurality of blocks, evaluating whether a block is altered by comparing the extracted compressed bit streams for a block with the media signal in the first region of the block; and
when an altered block is detected by the comparison, using a fragile hash to identify location of altered data, and using an extracted compressed bit stream to replace the altered data.
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Specification