Low humidity uptake solid pyrotechnic compositions, and methods for making the same
First Claim
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1. A solid pyrotechnic composition having a total weight, the solid pyrotechnic composition comprising:
- about 40 weight percent to about 90 weight percent oxidizer particles, the oxidizer particles having a mean particle size of not greater than about 30 microns and comprising (a) at least one member selected from the group consisting of alkali metal nitrate and ammonium nitrate and (b) at least one member selected from the group consisting of alkali metal perchlorate and ammonium perchlorate; and
organic crystalline particles and optionally one or more salts of the organic crystalline particles, the organic crystalline particles and the optional salts of the organic crystalline particles accounting for about 10 weight percent to about 60 weight percent of the total weight of the solid pyrotechnic composition.
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Abstract
A solid pyrotechnic composition having a flame temperature and exhibiting ballistic performance comparable to that of black powder, but which is preferably formulated to contain neither charcoal nor sulfur, is provided. A solid pyrotechnic composition having a flame temperature and exhibits ballistic performance comparable to that of boron/potassium nitrate, and that is preferably free of boron, is also provided.
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Citations
65 Claims
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1. A solid pyrotechnic composition having a total weight, the solid pyrotechnic composition comprising:
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about 40 weight percent to about 90 weight percent oxidizer particles, the oxidizer particles having a mean particle size of not greater than about 30 microns and comprising (a) at least one member selected from the group consisting of alkali metal nitrate and ammonium nitrate and (b) at least one member selected from the group consisting of alkali metal perchlorate and ammonium perchlorate; and
organic crystalline particles and optionally one or more salts of the organic crystalline particles, the organic crystalline particles and the optional salts of the organic crystalline particles accounting for about 10 weight percent to about 60 weight percent of the total weight of the solid pyrotechnic composition. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51)
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26. A solid pyrotechnic composition having a total weight, the solid pyrotechnic composition comprising:
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about 40 weight percent to about 90 weight percent oxidizer particles, the oxidizer particles having a mean particle size of not greater than about 30 microns and comprising at least one member selected from the group consisting of alkali metal perchlorate and ammonium perchlorate, and optionally comprising at least one member selected from the group consisting of alkali metal nitrate and ammonium nitrate; and
organic crystalline particles and optionally one or more salts of the organic crystalline particles, the organic crystalline particles and the optional salts of the organic crystalline particles accounting for about 10 weight percent to about 60 weight percent of the total weight of the solid pyrotechnic composition, wherein about 20 weight percent to about 90 weight percent of the solid pyrotechnic composition consists of the member selected from the group consisting of alkali metal perchlorate and ammonium perchlorate.
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52. A method of making a solid pyrotechnic composition having a total weight, the method comprising:
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(a) combining an alkali metal hydroxide with at least one organic crystalline compound to produce a solution comprising a salt of the organic crystalline compound;
(b) combining the solution with nitric acid to form alkali metal nitrate particles and to convert the salt back to the organic crystalline compound in particulate form, the alkali metal nitrate particles and the organic crystalline compound in particulate form each having a mean particle size of not greater than about 30 microns; and
(c) combining the alkali metal nitrate particles and the organic crystalline compound in particulate form with additional oxidizer particles to form the pyrotechnic composition, the additional oxidizer particles having a mean particle size of not greater than about 30 microns and comprising at least one member selected from the group consisting of alkali metal perchlorate and ammonium perchlorate, the additional oxidizer particles optionally also comprising at least one member selected from the group consisting of alkali metal nitrate and ammonium nitrate; and
(d) optionally drying the pyrotechnic composition and obtaining the solid pyrotechnic composition, wherein about 40 weight percent to about 90 weight percent of the total weight of the solid pyrotechnic composition consists of the alkali metal nitrate particles and the additional oxidizer particles. - View Dependent Claims (53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65)
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59. A method of making a pyrotechnic composition having a total weight, the method comprising:
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(a) combining an alkali metal hydroxide with at least one organic crystalline compound to produce a solution comprising a salt of the organic crystalline compound;
(b) combining the solution with perchloric acid to form alkali metal perchlorate particles and to convert the salt back to the organic crystalline compound in particulate form, the alkali metal perchlorate particles and the organic crystalline compound in particulate form each having a mean particle size of not greater than about 30 microns; and
(c) combining the alkali metal perchlorate particles and the organic crystalline compound in particulate form with additional oxidizer particles to form the pyrotechnic composition, the additional oxidizer particles having a mean particle size of not greater than about 30 microns and comprising at least one of (i) at least one member selected from the group consisting of alkali metal nitrate and ammonium nitrate and (ii) at least one member selected from the group consisting of alkali metal perchlorate and ammonium perchlorate; and
(d) optionally drying the pyrotechnic composition and obtaining the solid pyrotechnic composition, wherein about 40 weight percent to about 90 weight percent of the total weight of the solid pyrotechnic composition consists of the alkali metal perchlorate particles and the additional oxidizer particles.
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Specification