Apparatus and method for measuring a plurality of electrical signals from the body of a patient
First Claim
1. An apparatus for measuring a plurality of electrical signals from an electrode array, said apparatus comprising:
- a first amplifier for measuring a voltage at a first electrode of said array; and
a cascade of differential amplifiers, each of said differential amplifiers of said cascade measuring a voltage difference between two successive electrodes in said array;
wherein the voltage, Vn, at electrode n is given by the expression wherein a1 is the voltage at said first electrode as measured by said first amplifier and each of said ai is a differential voltage between electrode i and electrode (i−
1) of said array as measured by said differential amplifiers.
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Accused Products
Abstract
An apparatus for measuring electrical signals emanating from a body of a patient, and, in particular, from the patient'"'"'s heart, comprises a catheter having an electrode array, preferably on its distal end. The apparatus of the invention further comprises a first amplifier for measuring a voltage from a first electrode of the array, and a cascade of differential amplifiers, each of which measures a voltage difference between two successive electrodes in the array. The voltage, Vn, at electrode n is given by the expression:
wherein a1, is the voltage at the first electrode as measured by the first amplifier and each a1, is a differential voltage between electrode i and electrode (i−1) of the array as measured by the differential amplifiers. The catheter electrode array preferably comprises at least one contact electrode and a plurality of non-contact electrodes, the first amplifier is preferably used to measure the signal at the contact electrode and the amplifier cascade is preferably used to measure the signals from the non-contact electrodes. The catheter further preferably comprises at least one position sensor, preferably, an electromagnetic position sensor.
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Citations
20 Claims
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1. An apparatus for measuring a plurality of electrical signals from an electrode array, said apparatus comprising:
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a first amplifier for measuring a voltage at a first electrode of said array; and
a cascade of differential amplifiers, each of said differential amplifiers of said cascade measuring a voltage difference between two successive electrodes in said array;
wherein the voltage, Vn, at electrode n is given by the expression wherein a1 is the voltage at said first electrode as measured by said first amplifier and each of said ai is a differential voltage between electrode i and electrode (i−
1) of said array as measured by said differential amplifiers. - View Dependent Claims (2)
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3. An apparatus for measuring electrical signals emanating from a body of a patient, said apparatus comprising:
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a catheter comprising an electrode array;
a first amplifier for measuring a voltage from a first electrode of said array; and
a cascade of differential amplifiers, each of said differential amplifiers of said cascade measuring a voltage difference between two successive electrodes in said array;
wherein the voltage, Vn, at electrode n is given by the expression wherein a1 is the voltage at said first electrode as measured by said first amplifier and each of said ai is a differential voltage between electrode i and electrode (i−
1) of said array as measured by said differential amplifiers. - View Dependent Claims (4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
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11. A method for measuring a plurality of electrical signals from an electrode array, said method comprising:
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providing;
a first amplifier for measuring a voltage at a first electrode of said array; and
a cascade of differential amplifiers, each of said differential amplifiers of said cascade measuring a voltage difference between two successive electrodes in said array; and
computing a voltage at each of said electrodes, wherein the voltage, Vn, at electrode n is given by the expression wherein a1 is the voltage at said first electrode as measured by said first amplifier and each of said a1 is a differential voltage between electrode i and electrode (i−
1) of said array as measured by said differential amplifiers. - View Dependent Claims (12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20)
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Specification