Aviation fuels having improved freeze point

• US 20020184814A1
• Filed: 05/20/2002
• Published: 12/12/2002
• Est. Priority Date: 02/11/2000
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: The Lubrizol Corporation (Berkshire Hathaway Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: The Lubrizol Corporation (Berkshire Hathaway Incorporated)
• Inventors: Manka, John S.
• Application Number:
  US10/151,457
• Publication Number:
  US 20020184814A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 44/393
• CPC Class Codes: C10L 1/1691 petroleum waxes, mineral waxes; paraffines; alkylation products; Friedel-Crafts condensation products; petroleum resins; modified waxes (oxidised)
• CPC Class Codes: C10L 1/1973 mono-carboxylic
• CPC Class Codes: C10L 1/1981 Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones
• CPC Class Codes: C10L 1/221 compounds of uncertain formula; reaction products where mixtures of compounds are obtained

Abstract

A novel aviation fuel characterized by having a low freeze point (typically no higher than −40° C.) comprising a mixture of an aviation fuel and a compound selected from at least one member of the group consisting of

(1) the reaction product of an alkanol amine with a hydrocarbyl-substituted acylating agent wherein the hydrocarbyl group comprises a substantially linear alkyl or alkenyl group containing an average of about 8 to about 50 carbon atoms; or

(2) the reaction product of (a) substantially linear hydrocarbyl-substituted phenol wherein the hydrocarbyl substituent contains an average of about 8 to about 40 carbon atoms with an aldehyde or a source thereof having between 1 to 10 carbon atoms; or

(3) aromatic moieties containing from about 1 to 3 aromatic rings wherein the aromatic moieties contains up to three substituents hydrocarbyl substantially linear constituents having from about 1 to 50 carbon atoms and the aromatic moieties are coupled by alkylene groups having 1 to 100 carbon atoms; or

(4) an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer having a number average molecular weight of between about 2,500 to 10,000 with a mole percent ethylene to vinyl acetate ratio of between about 65:35 to 85:15.

Claims

1. An aviation fuel composition comprising a mixture of an aviation fuel and a compound capable of lowering the freeze point of the aviation fuel selected from at least one member of the group consisting of

(1) the reaction product of an alkanol amine with a hydrocarbyl-substituted acylating agent wherein the hydrocarbyl group comprises a substantially linear alkyl or alkenyl group containing an average of about 8 to about 50 carbon atoms;

or

(2) the reaction product of (a) substantially linear hydrocarbyl-substituted phenol wherein the hydrocarbyl substituent contains an average of about 8 to about 40 carbon atoms with an aldehyde or a source thereof having between 1 to 10 carbon atoms;

or

(3) aromatic moieties containing from about 1 to 3 aromatic rings wherein the aromatic moieties contains up to three substituents hydrocarbyl substantially linear constituents having from about 1 to 50 carbon atoms and the aromatic moieties are coupled by alkylene groups having 1 to 100 carbon atoms;

or

(4) an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer having a number average molecular weight of between about 2,500 to 10,000 with a mole percent ethylene to vinyl acetate ratio of between about 65;

35 to 85;

15.

2. The mixture of claim 1 wherein the aviation fuel has a freeze point no higher than −

40°

C.

3. The mixture of claim 1 wherein the aviation fuel is selected to be Jet Fuel A.

4. The mixture of claim 1 wherein the aviation fuel is selected to be Jet Fuel A-1.

5. The mixture of claim 1 wherein the compound is present in the range of about 50 to 600 ppm.

6. The mixture of claim 1 wherein the compound is present in the range of about 75 to 500 ppm.

7. The mixture of claim 1 wherein the compound is present in the range of about 100 to 450 ppm.

8. The mixture of claim 1 wherein the jet fuel is selected to be Jet Fuel 8+100.

14. The mixture of claim 1 wherein the compound is present in the range of about 50 to 600 ppm.

15. The mixture of claim 1 wherein the compound is present in the range of about 75 to 500 ppm.

16. The mixture of claim 1 wherein the compound is present in the range of about 100 to 450 ppm.

9. A process for lowering the freeze point of aviation fuel comprising adding to the aviation fuel in an amount sufficient to lower the freeze point of the aviation fuel a compound having at least one member selected from the group consisting of:

(1) the reaction product of an alkanol amine with a hydrocarbyl-substituted acylating agent wherein the hydrocarbyl group comprises a substantially linear alkenyl or alkyl group containing an average of about 8 to about 50 carbon atoms;

or

(2) the reaction product of (a) hydrocarbyl-substituted phenol wherein the hydrocarbyl substituent is substantially linear and contains an average of about 8 to about 40 carbon atoms with an aldehyde or a source thereof having between 1 to 10 carbon atoms;

or

(3) an aromatic moieties containing from about 1 to 3 aromatic rings wherein the aromatic moieties contains up to three substituents substantially linear hydrocarbyl constituents having from about 1 to 50 carbon atoms and the aromatic moieties are coupled by alkylene groups having 1 to 100 carbon atoms;

or

(4) an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer having an average molecular weight of between about 2,500 to 10,000 with a mole percent ethylene to vinyl acetate ratio of between about 65;

35 to 85;

15.

10. The process of claim 9 wherein the aviation fuel is selected to have a freeze point of no higher than −

40°

C.

11. The process of claim 9 wherein the aviation fuel is selected to be Jet Fuel A.

12. The process of claim 9 wherein the aviation fuel is selected to be Jet Fuel A-1.

13. The process of claim 9 wherein the jet fuel is selected to be Jet Fuel 8+100.