System, method, rotating machine and computer program product for enhancing electric power produced by renewable facilities
First Claim
1. An intelligent coactive converter comprising:
- an input line configured to receive electric power produced by a renewable facility, said electric power being inadequate to be applied directly to a standard frequency AC power grid due to at least one of insufficient voltage stiffness, and excessive power variability;
an output line configured to deliver enhanced electric power to said standard frequency AC power grid at, at least, one point-of-connection in a grid area-of-connection, said enhanced electric power being enhanced with regard to at least one of voltage stiffness and power variability with respect to a delivery to said standard frequency AC power grid of said electric power from said renewable facility;
a constant-frequency output, rotating AC machine, yM, electrically coupled to said output line a controller configured to control an operational state of said yM, and corresponding predetermined amounts of active and reactive power provided by, or consumed by, said yM to the standard frequency AC power grid so as to prime the electric power from the renewable facility and enable a delivery of the enhanced electric power to said at least one point-of-connection.
1 Assignment
0 Petitions
Accused Products
Abstract
An electric power system provides a coordinated and controlled intercommunication and operation of power engineering equipment and converters, e.g., rotating AC machines, power electronic converters and transformers as well as power grids in order to enhance electric power produced by renewable facilities. As viewed from the power grid and its stakeholders'"'"' perspective, enhanced renewable facilities are more stiff than conventional renewable facilities, and produce power that is as commercially valuable and fungible as electric power produced by traditional plants such as fossil fuel power plants, hydroelectric plants, nuclear plants and the like. xMs and SMs, or more generally yMs, fulfill the demands of stiffness and reduced variability, which have conventionally limited the commercial usefulness of a large scale use of renewables delivering power to a power grid.
75 Citations
68 Claims
-
1. An intelligent coactive converter comprising:
-
an input line configured to receive electric power produced by a renewable facility, said electric power being inadequate to be applied directly to a standard frequency AC power grid due to at least one of insufficient voltage stiffness, and excessive power variability;
an output line configured to deliver enhanced electric power to said standard frequency AC power grid at, at least, one point-of-connection in a grid area-of-connection, said enhanced electric power being enhanced with regard to at least one of voltage stiffness and power variability with respect to a delivery to said standard frequency AC power grid of said electric power from said renewable facility;
a constant-frequency output, rotating AC machine, yM, electrically coupled to said output line a controller configured to control an operational state of said yM, and corresponding predetermined amounts of active and reactive power provided by, or consumed by, said yM to the standard frequency AC power grid so as to prime the electric power from the renewable facility and enable a delivery of the enhanced electric power to said at least one point-of-connection. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39)
-
-
40. An intelligent coactive converter, coupled to a standard frequency AC power grid and configured to enhance electric power produced by a renewable facility and collected and transmitted via a DC power grid, comprising:
-
a DC-AC power semiconductor converter configured to convert the electric power from the DC power grid from DC to AC;
a power transformer coupled to the standard frequency AC power grid and configured to provide the enhanced electric power to the AC power grid;
a constant-frequency output, rotating AC machine, yM, including a multi-phase stator winding being configured to couple to at least one of the power transformer and the standard frequency AC power grid, a rotor winding located in a rotating magnetic core attached to a shaft, a power semiconductor converter arranged as a converter connected between a multi-phase voltage supply and the rotor winding and a controller having an external communications interface, said controller being configured to control a air-gap flux {overscore (Φ
)}δ— k and a stator current {overscore (I)}S— k in the renewable facility, k, so as to provide reactive power asPeld — gen— k=Im{3jω
k·
{overscore (Φ
)}δ— k·
{overscore (I)}*S— k}and active power as Peld — gen— k=Re{3jω
k·
{overscore (Φ
)}δ— k·
{overscore (I)}*S— k}with variable frequency AC (ω
k) from a generator in the renewable facility, said controller being configured to(a) set an output of the yM to a constant-frequency output, and (b) prime power from the renewable facility when feeding power to the standard frequency AC power grid at one point-of-connection in a grid area-of-connection, wherein the yM being configured to supply and consume reactive power, and provide voltage stiffness to the standard frequency AC power grid in the area-of-connection in order to prime the electric power produced by the renewable facility, the yM being configured to supply and consume active power at the point-of-connection, and provide reduced variability in an active power portion of the electric power fed into the standard frequency AC power grid than a variability in the electric power produced by the renewable facility, the yM, and the power transformer each being 2*3Φ and
windings in the yM and the power transformer being configured to be stressed by a mix of AC and DC voltage.
-
-
41. A method for priming electric power from a renewable facility, comprising steps of:
-
receiving electric power produced by a renewable facility, said electric power being inadequate to be applied directly to a standard frequency AC power grid due to at least one of insufficient voltage stiffness, and excessive power variability;
delivering via an output line enhanced electric power to said standard frequency AC power grid at, at least, one point-of-connection in a grid area-of-connection, said enhanced electric power being enhanced with regard to at least one of voltage stiffness and power variability with respect to a delivery to said standard frequency AC power grid of only said electric power from said renewable facility;
connecting to said output line a rotating AC machine, yM, which is configured to controllably supply at least one of active power and reactive power to the standard frequency AC power grid and draw at least one of active power and reactive power from the standard frequency AC power grid;
controlling an operational state of said rotating AC machine so as to influence respective amounts of active and reactive power provided by, or consumed by, said rotating AC machine to the standard frequency AC power grid so as to prime the electric power from the renewable facility and enable a delivery of the enhanced electric power to said point-of-connection. - View Dependent Claims (42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66)
-
-
56. A system for priming electric power from a renewable facility, comprising:
-
receiving electric power produced by a renewable facility, said electric power being inadequate to be applied directly to a standard frequency AC power grid due to at least one of insufficient voltage stiffness, and excessive power variability with respect to a delivery to said standard frequency AC power grid of only said electric power from said renewable facility;
means for delivering via an output line enhanced electric power to said standard frequency AC power grid at, at least, one point-of-connection in a grid area-of-connection, said enhanced electric power being enhanced with regard to at least one of voltage stiffness and power variability; and
means for controllably supplying at least one of active power and reactive power to the standard frequency AC power grid and drawing at least one of active power and reactive power from the standard frequency AC power grid.
-
-
67. A computer program product for controlling an intelligent coactive converter, comprising:
-
a memory having computer readable instructions encoded therein, said computer readable instructions implementing process steps when executed by a processor, said process steps including, controlling in an rotating AC machine, an air-gap flux {overscore (Φ
)}δ— yM and a stator current {overscore (I)}S— yM to provide at least one ofreactive power, with standard frequency AC to the standard frequency AC power grid, according to an equation Qeld — yM=Im{3jω
·
{overscore (Φ
)}{overscore (δ
)}— yM·
{overscore (I)}*S— yM}and active power, from a prime mover, with standard frequency AC to the standard frequency AC power grid according to an equation Peld — yM=Re{3jω
·
{overscore (Φ
)}{overscore (δ
)}— yM·
{overscore (I)}*S— yM}
-
-
68. A computer program product for controlling an intelligent coactive converter, comprising:
-
a memory have computer readable instructions encoded therein, said computer readable instructions implementing process steps when executed by a processor, said process steps including, controlling in a rotating AC machine, an air-gap flux {overscore (Φ
)}δ— k and a stator current {overscore (I)}S— k wind turbine, k, to provide reactive power asQeld — gen— k=Im{3jω
k·
{overscore (Φ
)}δ— k·
{overscore (I)}*S— k}and active power as Peld — gen— k=Re{3jω
k·
{overscore (Φ
)}δ— k·
{overscore (I)}*S— k}with variable frequency AC (ω
k) to a generator driven by the wind turbine, k.
-
Specification